scholarly journals Association of IGF-1 CA(n) and IGFBP3 rs2854746 Polymorphisms with Endometrial Polyp Risk

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pedro Leopoldo Silva Doria ◽  
Thomas Moscovitz ◽  
Marcos Tcherniakovsky ◽  
Cesar Eduardo Fernandes ◽  
Luciano Melo Pompei ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Factor ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Endometrial Polyp ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Case Group ◽  
Insulin Like Growth Factor ◽  
Endometrial Polyps ◽  
Fragment Analysis ◽  
Peptide Growth Factor ◽  
Inverse Effect

Introduction. Insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) is a peptide growth factor that promotes cell proliferation and inhibits apoptosis. The bioavailability of IGF-1 is regulated by the insulin-like growth factor binding protein 3 (IGFBP3). Genetic variations influence the levels of IGF-1 and IGFBP3. The purpose of this study was to examine the association of polymorphisms IGF-1 CA(n) and IGFBP3 rs2854746 with risk of endometrial polyps. Materials and Methods. Case control observational study, composed of 104 women with antecedent of endometrial polyp (case group) and 81 postmenopausal women without antecedent of endometrial diseases (control group). Genotyping of IGF-1 CA(n) was performed by PCR and fragment analysis by capillary electrophoresis, and genotyping of IGFBP3 rs2854746 was performed by PCR-HRM. Odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated by logistic regression. Results. The genotype IGF-1 CA(19)/CA(19) was associated with an increased endometrial polyp risk (OR=2,57; IC 95%= 1,09 - 6,01); this was also found when combining it with CA(>19)/CA(n) genotypes (OR=2,18; IC 95%= 1,06-4,47). The IGFBP3 rs2854746 analyses showed the CG genotype having a protective effect for endometrial polyp (OR=0,37; IC 95%= 0,19-0,73), fact also observed when grouping CG and GG carriers (OR=0,51; IC 95%= 0,28-0,93). Conclusion. The genotypes CA(19)/CA(19) and CA(19)/CA(19) + CA(>19)/CA(n) of the IGF-1 CA(n) may be considered a risk for endometrial polyp, whereas the genotypes CG and CG + GG of IGFBP3 rs2854746 polymorphism have an inverse effect of endometrial polyp risk.

Faktor-Faktor Determinan yang melatar belakangi Kehamilan Remaja di Desa Pandansari Kecamatan Poncokusumo Kabupaten Malang

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 247-255
Author(s):  
Maria Magdalena Setyaningsih ◽  
Emy Sutiyarsih
Keyword(s):  
Sex Education ◽  
Teen Pregnancy ◽  
Teenage Pregnancy ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Case Group ◽  
The Family ◽  
History Of ◽  
First Time

Kehamilan remaja adalah kehamilan yang terjadi pada remaja berusia kurang dari 20 tahunan. Kehamilan remaja memberikan banyak kerugian bagi kesehatan, mental dan psikologis, kesejahteraan ekonomi dan peluang karier, kemiskinan dan prospek kehidupan masa depan remaja. Tujuan penelitian mengidentifikasi faktor determinan yang melatarbelakangi terjadinya kehamilan remaja. Jenis penelitian adalah penelitian analitik kategorik jenis survei kuantitatif dengan desain case control. Populasi semua perempuan yang bertempat tinggal di wilayah dusun Wonosari, Sukosari, dan Krajan Pandansari dan pernah/sedang hamil pertama kali pada usia kurang dari 20 tahun. Teknik pengambilan sampel cluster random sampling besar sampel 73. Berdasarkan hasil model akhir analisis multivariat, diketahui bahwa variabel pendidikan, riwayat kehamilan remaja pada keluarga dan usia menikah merupakan variabel yang berhubungan dengan kejadian kehamilan remaja setelah dikontrol oleh variabel akses informasi, responden berpendidikan rendah memiliki peluang 20,8 kali lebih tinggi, responden yang memiliki riwayat kehamilan remaja pada keluarga memiliki peluang 14,9 kali lebih tinggi, responden yang menikah pada usia <20 tahun memiliki peluang 12,1 kali lebih tinggi, responden dengan pemahaman yang kurang baik terkait penggunaan kondom memiliki peluang 5,9 kali lebih tinggi untuk terjadi kehamilan remaja. Oleh karena itu perlu dibangun karakter buiding, sosial karakter suport untuk para ibu remaja dan keluarga sehingga terbangun interaksi yang baik dalam keluarga yang dilandasi dengan pendidikan dan pemahaman yang baik tentang Pendidikan seksualitas. Teen pregnancy is a pregnancy that occurs in adolescents aged less than 20 years old. Teen pregnancy provides many disadvantages for health, mental, psychological, economic well-being, career opportunities, poverty, and the future life. The aim of the study was to identify the determinants underlying teen pregnancy incidence. This study was a quantitative study with categorical analytic method. The study design used a case control with two comparison groups. The groups were control group and case group. The population in this study was all women who lived in the Wonosari, Sukosari, and Krajan Pandansari district and had or were pregnant for the first time at the age of less than 20 years old. Seventy three respondents were recruited using cluster sampling technique. The case group consists of women who were or had pregnant for the first time at the age of less than 20 years old and their children are currently aged ≤ 1 years old. The control group consists of women who were pregnant for the first time at the age of > 20 years old. The data was collected using a questionnaire. The findings showed that education, history of teen pregnancy in family and the age of marriage were related to the incidence of teen pregnancy after being controlled by information access. Low-educated respondents had 20.8 times higher chance of experiencing teen pregnancy; respondents with a history of teen pregnancy in the family had 4.9 times higher chance of experiencing teen pregnancy; respondents who were married at the age of < 20 years old had 12.1 times higher chance of experiencing teen pregnancy; respondents with poor understanding of condom use had 5.9 times higher chance of teenage pregnancy. In conclusion, the findings suggest to build good interactions in the family based on education and a good understanding of sex education.

scholarly journals Associations between Red Blood Cell and Platelet Transfusions and Retinopathy of Prematurity

Neonatology ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Tobias Hengartner ◽  
Mark Adams ◽  
Riccardo E. Pfister ◽  
Diane Snyers ◽  
Jane McDougall ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Retinopathy Of Prematurity ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Case Group ◽  
Same Sex ◽  
Live Births ◽  
Adjusted Logistic Regression ◽  
Control Study

<b><i>Aim:</i></b> The aim of this study is to examine possible associations between the transfusion of RBC or platelets (PLTs) and the development of retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) in infants. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> This retrospective, national, case-control study included all live births in Switzerland between 2013 and 2018. We investigated preterm infants at a gestational age of &#x3c;28 weeks, who developed higher stage ROP (≥stage 2, <i>n</i> = 178). Each case infant was matched to another of the same sex who did not develop ROP (<i>n</i> = 178, control group). <b><i>Results:</i></b> When compared with the control group, we observed higher numbers of RBC transfusions per infant and higher percentages of infants receiving PLT transfusions in the case group. An adjusted logistic regression analysis revealed that both RBC (odds ratio [OR] 1.081, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.020–1.146) and PLT transfusions (OR = 2.502, 95% CI 1.566–3.998) numbers were associated with ROP development. <b><i>Conclusions:</i></b> Multiple RBC and PLT transfusions are associated with higher stage ROP development. Prospective studies are required to determine their potential as risk factors.

Long-term treadmill training ameliorates endothelium-dependent vasorelaxation mediated by insulin and insulin-like growth factor-1 in hypertension

2015 ◽  
Vol 119 (6) ◽  
pp. 663-669 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yi-Yuan Lin ◽  
Shin-Da Lee ◽  
Chia-Ting Su ◽  
Tsung-Lin Cheng ◽  
Ai-Lun Yang
Keyword(s):  
Growth Factor ◽  
Insulin Receptor ◽  
Treadmill Training ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Insulin Like Growth Factor ◽  
Hypertensive Rats ◽  
Protein Levels ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Nos Inhibitors

Dysfunction of insulin and insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) is associated with the pathophysiology of hypertension. The influence of long-term exercise on vascular dysfunction caused by hypertension remains unclear. We investigated whether long-term treadmill training improved insulin- and IGF-1-mediated vasorelaxation in hypertensive rats. Eight-week-old male spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) were randomly divided into sedentary and exercise (SHR-EX) groups. The SHR-EX group was trained on a treadmill for 60 min/day, 5 days/wk, for 8 wk. Wistar-Kyoto rats (WKY) were used as the normal control group. After training, aortic insulin- and IGF-1-mediated vasorelaxation was evaluated in organ baths. Additionally, the roles of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K), nitric oxide synthase (NOS), and aortic protein expression were examined in the three groups. Compared with sedentary SHR and WKY groups, insulin- and IGF-1-mediated vasorelaxation was significantly enhanced to a nearly normal level in the SHR-EX group. After endothelial denudation, blunted and comparable vasorelaxation was found among the three groups. Pretreatment with selective PI3K and NOS inhibitors attenuated insulin- and IGF-1-mediated vasorelaxation, and no significant difference was found among the three groups after the pretreatment. The aortic protein levels of the insulin receptor (IR), IGF-1 receptor (IGF-1R), insulin receptor substrate-1 (IRS-1), and endothelial NOS (eNOS) were also significantly increased in the SHR-EX group compared with the other two groups. These results suggested that treadmill training elicited the amelioration of endothelium-dependent insulin/IGF-1-mediated vasorelaxation partly via the increased activation of PI3K and NOS, as well as the enhancement of protein levels of IR, IGF-1R, IRS-1, and eNOS, in hypertension.

scholarly journals The role of leukotriene modifying agent treatment in neuropsychiatric events of elderly asthma patients: a nested case control study

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sang Oh Kang ◽  
Kyung Hyun Min ◽  
Hyun Jeong Kim ◽  
Tae Hyeok Kim ◽  
Woorim Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Case Control Study ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Boxed Warning ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Case Group ◽  
Newly Diagnosed ◽  
Crude Odds Ratio ◽  
Asthma Patients ◽  
Nested Case Control ◽  
Control Study

Abstract Background In March 2020, the US Food and Drug Administration decided that the dangers related to neuropsychiatric events (NPEs) of montelukast, one of the leukotriene modifying agents (LTMAs), should be communicated through ‘boxed warning’. In case of NPEs, the prevalence has been the highest in elderly people. Because the characteristics of the elderly such as old age itself can act as risk factors. Therefore, an investigation on safety of LTMAs related to NPEs in elderly using LTMAs is needed. Method A nested case-control study using an elderly sample cohort from the Korean National Health Insurance Service database was used. The asthma cohort included asthma patients newly diagnosed between 2003 and 2013. Within the asthma cohort, the case group was defined as patients who were diagnosed with NPEs. Among patients who had never been diagnosed with NPEs, the control group was selected by matching 1:1 by propensity score. Patients who were prescribed LTMAs for 1 year prior to index date were defined as the exposure group. The logistic regression model was used to measure the effect of LTMAs on NPEs. Results We identified 141,165 patients with newly diagnosed asthma, and selected 31,992 patients per each case and control group. Exposure to LTMAs significantly increased the risk of overall NPEs about in comparison with the absence of exposure (crude odds ratio [OR] 1.58, 95% CI 1.50–1.68). After adjusting for confounding factors, the overall NPEs risk increased (adjusted OR, 1.67, 95% CI 1.58–1.78). Conclusion This study suggests that elderly asthma patients prescribed LTMAs had a higher risk of NPEs than patients who were not treated with LTMAs. Therefore, clinicians should be aware of the potential risks of LTMAs.

HUBUNGAN RIWAYAT SAKIT DENGAN KEJADIAN STUNTING PADA BALITA

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 213
Author(s):  
Hasanah Nurbawena ◽  
Martono Tri Utomo ◽  
Esti Yunitasari
Keyword(s):  
Case Control ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Case Group ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Purposive Sampling ◽  
Group Data ◽  
Control Research ◽  
History Of ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Relationship Of

AbstrakLatar belakang : Kejadian stunting merupakan salah satu  masalah gizi pada anak yang memiliki prevalensi tinggi di Indonesia. Cut off point  kejadian stunting tidak boleh lebih dari 20%, sedangkan jumlah kejadian stunting di Surabaya sebanyak 22,8%. Salah satu penyebab tingginya kejadian stunting yaitu penyakit infeksi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan riwayat sakit dengan kejadian stunting pada balita. Metode : Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian analitik observasional dengan menggunakan rancang penelitian case control. Jumlah sampel yang diteliti sebanyak 40 balita dengan usai 24-36 bulan di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Simomulyo Surabaya. Sampel penelitian balita stunting merupakan kelompok kasus dan balita non-stunting merupakan kelompok kontrol. Pengambilan data untuk kelompok kasus menggunakan purposive sampling dan pada kelompok kasus menggunakan matching sampling dengan menyesuaikan usia bayi dan jenis kelamin pada kelompok kasus. Pengumpulan data mengguanakan instrumen kuisioner. Uji statistik menggunakan chi square Hasil : Hasil penelitian ini didapatkan balita stunting memiliki riwayat sakit sebanyak 90%, sedangkan pada balita non-stunting sebanyak 45%. Uji statistik menggunakan mengenai hubungan riwayat sakit dengan kejadain stunting pada balita dengan uji Chi square didapatkan hasil yang signifikan yaitu p=0,002 (<0,05) dan OR 4,889. Kesimpulan : Balita stunting memiliki riwayat sakit lebih sering daripada balita non-stunting.AbstractBackground: . The incidence of stunting is one of the nutritional problems in children who have a high prevalence in Indonesia. The cut off point for stunting events should not be more than 20%, while the number of stunting events in Surabaya is 22.8%. One of the causes of the high incidence of stunting is an infectious disease. This study aimed to determine the relationship of a history of illnes with the incidence of stunting in infants. Method: This research was an observational analytic study using a case control research design. The number of samples were 40 toddlers (20 toodlers with stunting and 20 toodlers with non-stunting) aged 24-36 months in the working area of the Simomulyo Primary Health Care in Surabaya. The stunting toddlers belonged to a case group and non-stunting toddlers belonged to a control group. Data collection of case group had used purposive sampling and that control group used matching sampling by adjusting the baby's age and gender in the case group. Data was obtained by questionnaire instrument.Data was analysis by Chi square Results: The persentage of stunting toddlers who had a history of illness was 90%, while the non-stunting toddlers had a history of illness was 45%. There was relationship between the history of infectious diseases and the occurrence of stunting in toodler p=0,022 (<0,05) and OR=4,338. Conclusion: Stunting toddlers have a history of pain more often than non-stunting toddlers 

scholarly journals A prospective case control study of the effects of oligohydramnios on fetomaternal outcome in mothers with term pregnancy in a rural medical college

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (11) ◽  
pp. 4706
Author(s):  
Dipak Mandi ◽  
Sayantan Sen ◽  
Vasundhara Goswami
Keyword(s):  
Demographic Data ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Birth Asphyxia ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Case Group ◽  
Perinatal Complications ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Nicu Admission

Background: The aim of the current study was to assess the fetomaternal effects of oligohydramnios on term pregnancies in a rural tertiary care setup.Methods: A perspective case control hospital-based trial was conducted at Burdwan Medical College and Hospital for a period of one year. Pregnancies at term (37-42 weeks) were included in the study. 103 patients with sonographically diagnosed oligohydramnios were included in the case group. The control group comprised of 103 mothers at term with normal liquor volume. Demographic data and fetomaternal outcome parameters were assessed and compared.Results: There was increased incidence of fetal and perinatal complications including low birth weight, birth asphyxia and NICU admission. There were more perinatal deaths in the case group compared to the control group. Induction of labour, operative delivery, meconium stained liquor and incidence of preeclampsia were also increased in mothers with low AFI.Conclusions: Oligohydramnios is associated with an increased risk of labour and perinatal complications. Adequate antenatal surveillance and intranatal monitoring coupled with correction of underly-ing factors is the mainstay of management.

scholarly journals Analisis Faktor Fetus dan Tali Pusat terhadap Risiko Asphyxia Perinatal di Surakarta

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 16
Author(s):  
Siti Lestari ◽  
Dyah Dwi Astuti ◽  
Fachriza Malika Ramadhani
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Perinatal Asphyxia ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Case Group ◽  
Retrospective Case ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Fetal Position ◽  
Control Study

Asfiksia perinatal merujuk pada kekurangan oksigen selama persalinan, sehingga berpotensi menyebabkan kematian dan kecacatan. WHO memperkirakan  4 juta anak terlahir dengan asfiksia setiap tahun, dimana 1 juta di antaranya meninggal dan 1 juta anak bertahan hidup dengan gejala sisa neurologis yang parah. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis faktor risiko fetal dan tali pusat pada asfiksia neonatal.Penelitian dilakukan di lakukan di RS Dr Moewardi Surakarta dengan pendekatan  quantitative retrospective case control study. Data diambil dari rekam medis antara  tahun 2013-2018. Penelitan ini melibatkan  264 neonatal yang terdiri dari 88 kelompok kasus dan 176  kelompok control. Kelompok kasus adalah bayi dengan diagnosa  asfiksia yang  dilakukan analisis terhadap faktor risiko fetal, sedangkan bayi yang tidak mengalami asfiksia dijadikan  kelompok kontrol. Hasil analisis statistik uji Chi-Square dan Fisher Exact ditemukan bahwa  kelahiran prematur (OR 2,07 CI 95% P 0,02), persalinan dengan tindakan (OR 3,61 CI 95% P 0,00), berat bayi (OR 2,85 CI 95% P 0,00), posisi janin (OR 2,37 CI 95% P 0,05), tali pusat ( QR 3,071 CI 95%  P 0,01)  berisiko terhadap insiden asfiksia perinatal. Air ketuban yang bercampur meconium (OR 1,51 CI 95% P 0,16) tidak memiliki risiko  dengan Asfiksia perinatal. Kesimpulan: Risiko terhadap insiden asfiksia perinatal  meliputi kelahiran prematur, persalinan dengan tindakan, berat bayi, posisi janin,  dan tali pusat.Perinatal asphyxia refers to a lack of oxygen during labor, which has the potential to cause death and disability. WHO estimates  4 million children born with asphyxia each year, in  which 1 million dies and 1 million survive with severe neurological sequelae. This study aims to analyze fetal and umbilical risk factors in neonatal asphyxia.This research is a quantitative retrospective case-control study, which was conducted at The Dr. Moewardi  hospital,  Surakarta. Data was taken from  medical records from 2013-2018. The case group was patients diagnosed  asphyxia, while those who did not experience asphyxia were treated as a control group.  A total of 264  samples, consisting of 88 case group respondents and 176 control group respondents. Statistical analysis Chi- Square and Fisher Exact found that preterm birth (OR 2.07 CI 95% P 0.02), labor with instrument or complication (OR 3.61 CI 95% P 0.00), infant weight (OR 2.85 CI 95% P 0, 00), fetal position (OR 2.37 CI 95% P 0.05), umbilical cord (QR 3.071 CI 95% P 0.01) are at risk for the incidence of perinatal Asphyxia. The amniotic fluid mixed with meconium (OR 1.51 CI 95% P 0.16) has no risk with perinatal asphyxia.The risk factors of incidences of perinatal asphyxia were  preterm birth, labor with instrument or complication, baby weight, fetal position and umbilical cord. 

scholarly journals The Relationship between Serum Levels of Vitamin C, Uric Acid and Antioxidant Condition with Coronary Artery Diseases: a Case-Control Study

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aida Torkzaban ◽  
Seyed Amir Mansour Alavi Naeini ◽  
Akbar Hassanzadeh ◽  
Mehrdad Namdari
Keyword(s):  
Uric Acid ◽  
Vitamin C ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Demographic Data ◽  
Systolic Pressure ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Case Group ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Control Study

Abstract Background Coronary hearth diseases are among the main causes of death in adults. Increase of oxidative stress and defects in antioxidant defense play a major role in endothelium performance and are an effective factor in progress of atherosclerosis. Some studies have also reported different malondialdehyde and total antioxidant capacity among the atherosclerosis patients.Methods In this case-control study, 44 atherosclerosis patients referring to Shahid Madani treatment-education center were considered as the case group; while 44 healthy peoples were placed in the control group. Demographic data and anthropometric indices were measured. Food frequency questionnaire and international physical activity questionnaires were also completed. After 12 hours of fasting, 10 ml blood was sampled from the participants. Uric acid, vitamin C, TAC and MDA were also measured. The data were finally analyzed by SPSS Ver 22 software.Results A significant difference was observed between the two groups in terms of uric acid (P<0.001) and vitamin C (P<0.03). However, mean MDA and TAC showed no significant difference between the two groups. The two groups’ difference in terms of vitamin A, E and beta carotene, zinc and selenium intake was not significant. A significant difference was however detected between the two groups in terms of vitamin C (P<0.047). A significant relationship was also observed between the systolic pressure and CHD (P<0.028).Conclusion Results of this study indicated that the uric acid and vitamin C levels of atherosclerosis patients had significant increase and decrease in comparison with the healthy subjects, respectively. Mean TAC and antioxidant levels of their diets (except for vitamin C) showed no significant difference. Systolic blood pressure of the patients was significantly higher than the controls.

scholarly journals Correlation Between Direct Contact Status with Diphteria in Blitar

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 97-100
Author(s):  
Ana Nur Filiya ◽  
Novy Ardyanti Putri
Keyword(s):  
Direct Contact ◽  
Research Method ◽  
Control Design ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Control Group ◽  
P Value ◽  
Case Group ◽  
Independent Variable ◽  
Deadly Disease ◽  
Detailed Questionnaire

Diphtheria is a contagion deadly disease which case increases year-by-year. Objective:   To know the correlation of direct contact with diphteria patient towards diphteria in Blitar in 2016. This research method uses Observational-analytic study by using case control design. Sample in case group were 31 people of diphteria patients and 31 people of control group which is not a diphteria patients. Direct contact as Independent variable. Data were analyzed by Mc Nemar. The results showed p value is 0.21. Direct contact haven’t  associated with diphteria. Further research can use more detailed questionnaire to know direct contact status properly

Effects of elevated blood insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) concentration upon IGF-I in bovine mammary secretions during the colostrum phase

1993 ◽  
Vol 137 (2) ◽  
pp. 223-230 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. L. Hadsell ◽  
C. R. Baumrucker ◽  
R. S. Kensinger
Keyword(s):  
Growth Factor ◽  
Nutrient Restriction ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Insulin Like Growth Factor ◽  
Dry Period ◽  
Entire Treatment Period ◽  
Factor I ◽  
Igf I ◽  
Growth Factor I ◽  
Serum Gh

ABSTRACT The objectives of these studies were to determine if the concentration of insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) in mammary colostrum secretions could be altered through manipulation of IGF-I concentrations in blood and to compare the temporal changes of IGF-I in mammary secretions to those occurring for IgG1. Milking of 15 pregnant Holstein cows was stopped at 8 weeks prepartum and they were randomly assigned to one of three treatments. A control (C) treatment consisted of feeding the animals 100% of NRC requirements for protein and energy. A second group of cows was fed as the control group and injected with 1·8 μmol bovine GH/day. The third group was fed at 70% of NRC requirements for protein and energy to cause a moderate nutrient restriction (NR). Body weight was measured weekly. Blood was collected by tail venepuncture at 4 h intervals for 24 h. Mammary secretions were collected and pooled among contralateral front and rear quarters (diagonal) for measurement of volume, IGF-I and IgG1 concentrations. Samples were collected at −7, −5, −2, 0 and 1 week postpartum. Cows on the NR treatment failed to gain weight during the dry period compared with C cows (P < 0·05). Blood GH and IGF-I concentrations (P > 0·1) were unaffected by NR treatment. Cows treated with GH had higher (P < 0·01) serum GH and IGF-I levels throughout the entire treatment period, and higher serum IgG1 at 5 and 2 weeks prepartum (P < 0·01). Total mass of IGF-I secreted per diagonal averaged 3·6-fold greater for GH-treated cows during the prepartum period than C and NR cows (P < 0·01). The concentration of IGF-I in mammary secretions was not affected by treatment during the prepartum period, but was 40% greater (P < 0·05) in GH-treated cows than C and NR cows at parturition. Analysis of a selective index comparing IGF-I secretion with that of IgG1 suggested that IGF-I does not enter mammary secretions by passive diffusion from blood. Journal of Endocrinology (1993) 137, 223–230

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