scholarly journals Isolation and Molecular Identification of Lactic Acid Bacteria Using 16s rRNA Genes from FermentedTeff(Eragrostis tef(Zucc.)) Dough

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Belay Tilahun ◽  
Anteneh Tesfaye ◽  
Diriba Muleta ◽  
Andualem Bahiru ◽  
Zewdu Terefework ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Lactic Acid Bacteria ◽  
16S Rrna ◽  
Addis Ababa ◽  
Bacterial Species ◽  
16S Rrna Genes ◽  
Rrna Genes ◽  
Eragrostis Tef ◽  
Universal Primers ◽  
Bacterial Isolates

Injera is soft fermented baked product, which is commonly prepared from teff (Eragrostis tef(Zucc.)) flour and believed to be consumed on daily basis by two-thirds of Ethiopians.As it is a product of naturally fermented dough, the course of fermentation is done by consortia of microorganisms. The study was aimed at isolating and identifying some dominant bacteria from fermentingteff (Eragrostis tef)dough. A total of 97 dough samples were collected from households, microenterprises, and hotels with different fermentation stage from Addis Ababa. The bacterial isolates obtained from the fermentingteffdough samples were selected on the basis of their acid production potentials. A total of 24 purified bacterial isolates were found to be Gram-positive (they are coccus and rod under microscope) and were good acid producers. Genomic DNA of bacterial isolates were extracted using Invisorb® Spin DNA Extraction kit. 16S rRNA of bacterial isolates were amplified using the bacteria universal primers (rD1 and fD1). The amplified product was sequenced at Genewiz, USA. Sequence analysis and comparison with the resources at the database were conducted to identify the isolated microbes into species and strain levels. The bacterial isolates were identified asLactobacillus paracasei, Lactobacillus brevis, Enterococcus durans, Enterococcus hirae, Enterococcus avium,andEnterococcus faecium. All identified lactic acid bacteria were able to produce acid at 12 h time of incubation. This study has confirmed the presence of different bacterial species in the fermentingteffdough and also supports the involvement of various groups of bacterial species in the course of the fermentation.

Isolation and molecular identification of lactic acid bacteria and Bifidobacterium spp. from faeces of the blue-fronted Amazon parrot in Brazil

2014 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 497-503 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Allegretti ◽  
L. Revolledo ◽  
C.S. Astolfi-Ferreira ◽  
J.L. Chacón ◽  
L.M. Martins ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Lactic Acid Bacteria ◽  
Habitat Management ◽  
Bacterial Species ◽  
Bifidobacterium Bifidum ◽  
16S Rrna Genes ◽  
Rrna Genes ◽  
Lactobacillus Species ◽  
Faecal Microbiota ◽  
Lactobacillus Coryniformis

In Brazil, the blue-fronted Amazon parrot (Amazona aestiva) is a common pet. The faecal microbiota of these birds include a wide variety of bacterial species, the majority of which belong to the Gram-positive lactic acid bacteria (LAB) clade. The aim of this study was to investigate differences in the diversity and abundance of LAB and Bifidobacterium spp. in the cloacae between wild and captive birds and to select, identify and characterise LAB for consideration as a parrot probiotic. Cloacal swabs were collected from 26 wild and 26 captive birds. Bacterial DNA was extracted, and the 16S rRNA genes were amplified. The numbers of PCR-positive Enterococcus, Pediococcus, and Lactobacillus species isolated from wild and captive birds were significantly different (P<0.05). Enterococcus was the most frequently isolated genus, followed by Pediococcus, Lactobacillus, Lactococcus and Bifidobacterium. Enterococcus faecium, Pediococcus pentosaceus, Lactococcus lactis, Lactobacillus coryniformis, Lactobacillus sanfranciscensis and Bifidobacterium bifidum were the most frequently isolated species from all birds. This study increases our understanding of the faecal microbiota, and may help to improve the nutrition and habitat management of captive and wild parrots. The bacterial population identified in the faecal microbiota of clinically healthy wild and captive parrots can serve as a database to analyse variations in the gut microbiota of pathogen-infected parrots and to develop probiotics specific to these genera.

scholarly journals Role of Broiler Carcasses and Processing Plant Air in Contamination of Modified-Atmosphere-Packaged Broiler Products with Psychrotrophic Lactic Acid Bacteria

2006 ◽  
Vol 73 (4) ◽  
pp. 1136-1145 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elina Vihavainen ◽  
Hanna-Saara Lundstr�m ◽  
Tuija Susiluoto ◽  
Joanna Koort ◽  
Lars Paulin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Lactic Acid Bacteria ◽  
16S Rrna Genes ◽  
Rrna Genes ◽  
23S Rrna ◽  
Processing Plant ◽  
Modified Atmosphere ◽  
Production Plant ◽  
Meat Spoilage

ABSTRACT Some psychrotrophic lactic acid bacteria (LAB) are specific meat spoilage organisms in modified-atmosphere-packaged (MAP), cold-stored meat products. To determine if incoming broilers or the production plant environment is a source of spoilage LAB, a total of 86, 122, and 447 LAB isolates from broiler carcasses, production plant air, and MAP broiler products, respectively, were characterized using a library of HindIII restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) patterns of the 16 and 23S rRNA genes as operational taxonomic units in numerical analyses. Six hundred thirteen LAB isolates from the total of 655 clustered in 29 groups considered to be species specific. Sixty-four percent of product isolates clustered either with Carnobacterium divergens or with Carnobacterium maltaromaticum type strains. The third major product-associated cluster (17% of isolates) was formed by unknown LAB. Representative strains from these three clusters were analyzed for the phylogeny of their 16S rRNA genes. This analysis verified that the two largest RFLP clusters consisted of carnobacteria and showed that the unknown LAB group consisted of Lactococcus spp. No product-associated LAB were detected in broiler carcasses sampled at the beginning of slaughter, whereas carnobacteria and lactococci, along with some other specific meat spoilage LAB, were recovered from processing plant air at many sites. This study reveals that incoming broiler chickens are not major sources of psychrotrophic spoilage LAB, whereas the detection of these organisms from the air of the processing environment highlights the role of processing facilities as sources of LAB contamination.

scholarly journals Census of the Viral Metagenome within an Activated Sludge Microbial Assemblage

2010 ◽  
Vol 76 (8) ◽  
pp. 2673-2677 ◽  
Author(s):  
Larissa C. Parsley ◽  
Erin J. Consuegra ◽  
Stephen J. Thomas ◽  
Jaysheel Bhavsar ◽  
Andrew M. Land ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Analysis ◽  
16S Rrna ◽  
Activated Sludge ◽  
16S Rrna Genes ◽  
Rrna Genes ◽  
Bacterial Isolates ◽  
Microbial Assemblage ◽  
Culture Independent ◽  
Culture Dependent

ABSTRACT The viral metagenome within an activated sludge microbial assemblage was sampled using culture-dependent and culture-independent methods and compared to the diversity of activated sludge bacterial taxa. A total of 70 unique cultured bacterial isolates, 24 cultured bacteriophages, 829 bacterial metagenomic clones of 16S rRNA genes, and 1,161 viral metagenomic clones were subjected to a phylogenetic analysis.

Investigation of microbial communities on reverse osmosis membranes used for process water production

2007 ◽  
Vol 55 (8-9) ◽  
pp. 181-190 ◽  
Author(s):  
L.A. Bereschenko ◽  
A.J.M. Stams ◽  
G.H.J. Heilig ◽  
G.J.W. Euverink ◽  
M.M. Nederlof ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
16S Rrna ◽  
Reverse Osmosis ◽  
16S Rrna Genes ◽  
Rrna Genes ◽  
Universal Primers ◽  
Feed Water ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Membrane Pore ◽  
Phylogenetic Affiliation ◽  
Ro Membrane

In the present study, the diversity and the phylogenetic affiliation of bacteria in a biofouling layer on reverse osmosis (RO) membranes were determined. Fresh surface water was used as a feed in a membrane-based water purification process. Total DNA was extracted from attached cells from feed spacer, RO membrane and product spacer. Universal primers were used to amplify the bacterial 16S rRNA genes. The biofilm community was analysed by 16S rRNA-gene-targeted denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) and the phylogenetic affiliation was determined by sequence analyses of individual 16S rDNA clones. Using this approach, we found that five distinct bacterial genotypes (Sphingomonas, Beta proteobacterium, Flavobacterium, Nitrosomonas and Sphingobacterium) were dominant genera on surfaces of fouled RO membranes. Moreover, the finding that all five “key players” could be recovered from the cartridge filters of this RO system, which cartridge filters are positioned before the RO membrane, together with literature information where these bacteria are normally encountered, suggests that these microorganisms originate from the feed water rather than from the RO system itself, and represent the fresh water bacteria present in the feed water, despite the fact that the feed water passes an ultrafiltration (UF) membrane (pore size approximately 40 nm), which is able to remove microorganisms to a large extent.

scholarly journals In-depth analysis of Bacillus anthracis 16S rRNA genes and transcripts reveals intra- and intergenomic diversity and facilitates anthrax detection

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Braun ◽  
Fee Zimmermann ◽  
Mathias C Walter ◽  
Sonja Mantel ◽  
Karin Aistleitner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
16S Rrna ◽  
16S Rrna Gene ◽  
Bacterial Species ◽  
16S Rrna Genes ◽  
Rrna Genes ◽  
Close Relative ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Copy Numbers ◽  
Depth Analysis

Analysis of 16S ribosomal RNA (rRNA) genes provides a central means of taxonomic classification of bacterial species. Based on presumed sequence identity among species of the Bacillus cereus sensu lato group, the 16S rRNA genes of B. anthracis have been considered unsuitable for diagnosis of the anthrax pathogen. With the recent identification of a single nucleotide polymorphism in some 16S rRNA gene copies, specific identification of B. anthracis becomes feasible. Here, we designed and evaluated a set of in situ-, in vitro- and in silico-assays to assess the yet unknown 16S-state of B. anthracis from different perspectives. Using a combination of digital PCR, fluorescence in situ hybridization, long-read genome sequencing and bioinformatics we were able to detect and quantify a unique 16S rRNA gene allele of B. anthracis (16S-BA-allele). This allele was found in all available B. anthracis genomes and may facilitate differentiation of the pathogen from any close relative. Bioinformatics analysis of 959 B. anthracis genome data-sets inferred that abundances and genomic arrangements of the 16S-BA-allele and the entire rRNA operon copy-numbers differ considerably between strains. Expression ratios of 16S-BA-alleles were proportional to the respective genomic allele copy-numbers. The findings and experimental tools presented here provide detailed insights into the intra- and intergenomic diversity of 16S rRNA genes and may pave the way for improved identification of B. anthracis and other pathogens with diverse rRNA operons.

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