scholarly journals Silicon Mechanisms to Ameliorate Heavy Metal Stress in Plants

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abolghassem Emamverdian ◽  
Yulong Ding ◽  
Yinfeng Xie ◽  
Sirous Sangari
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Enzyme Activity ◽  
Metal Uptake ◽  
Ph Value ◽  
Anthropogenic Activities ◽  
Heavy Metal Stress ◽  
Heavy Metal Uptake ◽  
Stimulation Of

The increased contaminants caused by anthropogenic activities in the environment and the importance of finding pathways to reduce pollution caused the silicon application to be considered an important detoxification agent. Silicon, as a beneficial element, plays an important role in amelioration of abiotic stress, such as an extreme dose of heavy metal in plants. There are several mechanisms involved in silicon mediation in plants, including the reduction of heavy metal uptake by plants, changing pH value, formation of Si heavy metals, and stimulation of enzyme activity, which can work by chemical and physical pathways. The aim of this paper is to investigate the major silicon-related mechanisms that reduce the toxicity of heavy metals in plants and then to assess the role of silicon in increasing the antioxidant enzyme and nonenzyme activities to protect the plant cell.

Extremophiles and Their Application in Bioremediation

2022 ◽  
pp. 188-206
Author(s):  
Himanshu Pandey ◽  
Devendra Singh ◽  
Vinay Kumar Dhiman ◽  
Vivek Kumar Dhiman ◽  
Devendra Pandey
Keyword(s):  
Water Pollution ◽  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Environmental Conditions ◽  
Anthropogenic Activities ◽  
Heavy Metal Stress ◽  
Extreme Conditions ◽  
Alkaline Ph ◽  
Immense Potential

A microorganism dwelling in severe environmental conditions is termed an extremophile. These unfavorable environmental conditions include high salinity, toxin compounds, heavy metals, unfavorable temperature, and extremely acidic and alkaline pH. Microorganisms belonging to prokaryotes include true bacteria and archaea bacteria which prevail in harsh environments. In recent years, extremophilic, basically, archaea bacteria have been reported for their immense potential application in the bioremediation process. Bioremediation is a technique that utilizes microorganisms for the decomposition of organic and inorganic pollutants; anthropogenic activities are the basic cause of soil pollution, water pollution, and air pollution globally. Extremophiles are capable of producing enzymes that are thermolabile and can function normally even in extreme conditions. These enzymes and proteins can be utilized in the bioremediation process under extreme pH, heavy metal stress, and unfavorable temperature conditions. In this chapter, the role of extremophiles in bioremediation is discussed.

scholarly journals Decoding Heavy Metal Stress Signalling in Plants: Towards Improved Food Security and Safety

Plants ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (12) ◽  
pp. 1781
Author(s):  
Marshall Keyster ◽  
Lee-Ann Niekerk ◽  
Gerhard Basson ◽  
Mogamat Carelse ◽  
Olalekan Bakare ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Food Security ◽  
Food Safety ◽  
Metal Uptake ◽  
Heavy Metal Stress ◽  
Cellular Damage ◽  
Heavy Metal Uptake ◽  
Toxic Heavy Metal ◽  
The Impact

The mining of heavy metals from the environment leads to an increase in soil pollution, leading to the uptake of heavy metals into plant tissue. The build-up of toxic metals in plant cells often leads to cellular damage and senescence. Therefore, it is of utmost importance to produce plants with improved tolerance to heavy metals for food security, as well as to limit heavy metal uptake for improved food safety purposes. To achieve this goal, our understanding of the signaling mechanisms which regulate toxic heavy metal uptake and tolerance in plants requires extensive improvement. In this review, we summarize recent literature and data on heavy metal toxicity (oral reference doses) and the impact of the metals on food safety and food security. Furthermore, we discuss some of the key events (reception, transduction, and response) in the heavy metal signaling cascades in the cell wall, plasma membrane, and cytoplasm. Our future perspectives provide an outlook of the exciting advances that will shape the plant heavy metal signaling field in the near future.

Enhanced heavy metal uptake by activated sludge cultures grown in the presence of biopolymer stimulators

1996 ◽  
Vol 34 (5-6) ◽  
pp. 267-272 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ken Fukushi ◽  
Duk Chang ◽  
Sam Ghosh
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Activated Sludge ◽  
G Protein ◽  
Metal Uptake ◽  
Heavy Metal Uptake ◽  
Culture Viability ◽  
Grown Culture

The objective of this research was to investigate the feasibility of developing improved activated sludge cultures capable of removing heavy metals. Cystine, peptone, and β-glycerophosphate (BGP) stimulated metal uptake without the significant reduction of culture viability otherwise experienced in the absence of these chemicals. The cystine-peptone-BGP-grown culture exhibited the highest removal of copper and cadmium of 5.67 and 2.53 mM/g protein, respectively.

scholarly journals Kestabilan Inokulan Azotobacter selama Penyimpanan pada Dua Suhu

2012 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 52
Author(s):  
Reginawanti Hindersah ◽  
Rija Sudirja
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Root Growth ◽  
Contaminated Soil ◽  
Metal Uptake ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Heavy Metal Uptake ◽  
Total N ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Temperature Storage

Azotobacter might be used as biological agents in bioremediation of heavy metal-contaminated soil since this rhizobacteria produceexopolysachharides (EPS) that mobilize soil heavy metals, and phytohormones that regulate root growth. So that heavy metal uptake bythe roots could be increased. The objective of this research was to verify the stability of EPS and phytohormones in Azotobacter liquidinoculants during four months in different temperature storage. Liquid inoculants has been produced in EPS-induced media and stored in200C and room temperature (24-270C) during four months. The results showed that the better temperature storage was room temperatureinstead of 20 0C since pH, total N, and EPS and phytohormones content was relatively stable during storage.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Phytoremediation Potential of Castor Cultivars for Heavy Metals from Soil

2019 ◽  
Vol 37 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.J. KHAN ◽  
N. AHMED ◽  
W. HASSAN ◽  
T. SABA ◽  
S. KHAN ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Contaminated Soils ◽  
Metal Uptake ◽  
Plant Biomass ◽  
Ricinus Communis ◽  
Contaminated Sites ◽  
Heavy Metal Uptake ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Completely Randomized Design

ABSTRACT: Phytoremediation is a useful tool to restore heavy metals contaminated soils. This study was carried out to test two castor (Ricinus communis) cultivars [Local and DS-30] for phytoextraction of heavy metals from the soil spiked by known concentrations of seven metals (Cu, Cr, Fe, Mn, Ni, Pb and Zn). A pot experiment was laid out by using a completely randomized design. Soil and plant samples were analyzed at 100 days after planting. The data on heavy metal uptake by plant tissues (roots, leaves and shoots) of the two castor cultivars suggested that a considerable amount of metals (Fe = 27.18 mg L-1; Cu = 5.06 mg L-1; Cr = 2.95 mg L-1; Mn = 0.22 mg L-1; Ni = 4.66 mg L-1; Pb = 3.33 mg L-1; Zn = 15.04 mg L-1) was accumulated in the plant biomass. The soil heavy metal content at the end of experiment significantly decreased with both cultivars, resulting in improved soil quality. Therefore, it is concluded that both castor cultivars, Local and DS-30, can be used for phytoremediation of heavy metal-contaminated sites.

scholarly journals Role of nitric oxide in plant responses to heavy metal stress: exogenous application versus endogenous production

2019 ◽  
Vol 70 (17) ◽  
pp. 4477-4488 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura C Terrón-Camero ◽  
M Ángeles Peláez-Vico ◽  
Coral Del-Val ◽  
Luisa M Sandalio ◽  
María C Romero-Puertas
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Human Health Risk ◽  
Heavy Metal Stress ◽  
Metal Stress ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Plant Responses ◽  
Research Perspectives

Abstract Anthropogenic activities, such as industrial processes, mining, and agriculture, lead to an increase in heavy metal concentrations in soil, water, and air. Given their stability in the environment, heavy metals are difficult to eliminate and can constitute a human health risk by entering the food chain through uptake by crop plants. An excess of heavy metals is toxic for plants, which have various mechanisms to prevent their accumulation. However, once metals enter the plant, oxidative damage sometimes occurs, which can lead to plant death. Initial production of nitric oxide (NO), which may play a role in plant perception, signalling, and stress acclimation, has been shown to protect against heavy metals. Very little is known about NO-dependent mechanisms downstream from signalling pathways in plant responses to heavy metal stress. In this review, using bioinformatic techniques, we analyse studies of the involvement of NO in plant responses to heavy metal stress, its possible role as a cytoprotective molecule, and its relationship with reactive oxygen species. Some conclusions are drawn and future research perspectives are outlined to further elucidate the signalling mechanisms underlying the role of NO in plant responses to heavy metal stress.

A route to robust thioether-functionalized MOF solid materials displaying heavy metal uptake and the ability to be further oxidized

2017 ◽  
Vol 46 (36) ◽  
pp. 12036-12040 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guo-Wei Xiao ◽  
Teng-Fei Chen ◽  
Xin-Zhan Sun ◽  
Hui Guo ◽  
Zhong-Feng Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Ligand Exchange ◽  
Metal Uptake ◽  
Alternative Strategy ◽  
Heavy Metal Uptake ◽  
Solid Materials ◽  
Exchange Method

A facile and mild solvent-assisted ligand exchange method was developed as an alternative strategy to achieve thioether-based MOFs, and their oxidized forms, that were able to take up heavy metals from solutions and capture CO2.

scholarly journals Bioindication of Heavy Metals in a Waterfall Outflow Using a Bryophyte Community

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Narin Printarakul ◽  
Weeradej Meeinkuirt
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
National Park ◽  
Metal Accumulation ◽  
Anthropogenic Activities ◽  
Heavy Metal Stress ◽  
Enrichment Factors ◽  
Heavy Metal Accumulation ◽  
Natural Processes ◽  
Aquatic Bryophytes

Abstract Huay Pah Lahd stream in Doi Suthep-Pui National Park, Thailand, is potentially vulnerable to nearby anthropogenic activities. In this study, we determined heavy metal accumulation in bryophyte tissue and their growth substrates. Enrichment factors (EFs) of heavy metals were employed to monitor concentrations in bryophyte tissue. Of eight bryophyte taxa investigated, Scopelophila cataractae showed the highest capacity to accumulate metals in tissue, particularly Fe, Zn, Cd and Cu in protonemata (8,026.7, 1,187.2, 16.9 and 530.1 mg kg-1, respectively). Furthermore, the endangered and rare bryophyte taxa S. cataractae and Porella acutifolia were found intermingled with other urban and common aquatic bryophytes. These taxa might be considered sensitive warning organisms for heavy metal stress in stream ecosystems induced by environmental pollution. Because EFs of all heavy metals were < 2, this suggests that natural processes are the key source of heavy metals; furthermore, the environment of this National Park was identified as being heathy, and an important ecosystem buffer and biodiversity haven.

scholarly journals Amelioration of Heavy Metals from Contaminated Soils of Hazaribagh and Tejgaon Areas from Bangladesh Using Red Mud

1970 ◽  
Vol 44 (4) ◽  
pp. 479-484 ◽  
Author(s):  
AS Chamon ◽  
MN Mondol ◽  
SM Ullah
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Red Mud ◽  
Contaminated Soils ◽  
Metal Uptake ◽  
Tomato Fruit ◽  
Wheat Variety ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Wheat Grain ◽  
Heavy Metal Uptake

Pot experiments with soil from two heavy metals contaminated sites were conducted. The objective of the experiment was to test red mud as an inorganic soil amendment to reduce heavy metal uptake and to alleviate toxicity in tomato (variety- Ratan) and wheat (variety- Agrani) crops. Iron (Fe) oxides contained in red mud, a byproduct of the aluminum industry, reduced soil to plant transfer of zinc (Zn), nickel (Ni), cadmium (Cd), and chromium (Cr). In Hazaribagh soil, tomato fruit yield (dry weight) increased by 72%. Shoot length and biomass production were positively influenced by red mud containing high amounts of Fe2O3. Heavy metal uptake into tomato plants was significantly ameliorated in both soil. On Tejgaon soil the effect of red mud on wheat grain yield production was not significantly different but the ameliorative effect of red mud application was clearly observed in the wheat grain samples for Tejgaon soil. Key words: Red Mud; Wheat; Tomato; Remediation; Heavy metals DOI: 10.3329/bjsir.v44i4.4602 Bangladesh J. Sci. Ind. Res. 44(4), 479-484, 2009

scholarly journals Using soil heavy metal enrichment and mobility factors to determine potential uptake by vegetables

2011 ◽  
Vol 57 (No. 2) ◽  
pp. 75-80 ◽  
Author(s):  
V.M. Ngole
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Metal Uptake ◽  
Metal Enrichment ◽  
Microbial Activities ◽  
Heavy Metal Uptake ◽  
Mobility Factor ◽  
Soil Components ◽  
Cu Uptake ◽  
By Products

This study investigated copper (Cu) and lead (Pb) enrichment factor (EF) and mobility factor (MF) as possible indicators of their uptake by spinach (Spinaceae oleraceae) and carrots (Daucus carota) grown on a sludge-amended luvisol (SAL). Sewage sludge was applied to luvisol at different rates and spinach and carrots planted. Enrichment of Cu and Pb in SAL was determined, and values regressed with those of Cu and Pb concentrations in spinach and carrots. Concentration of Cu and Pb in vegetables was calculated using the regression model obtained, and calculated values compared with actual values. Pb MF were higher than Cu MF but Cu and Pb EFsoil values were &lt; 3.0, indicating minor enrichment from sludge addition. EF had 10% reliability in predicting Cu and Pb uptake in vegetables. MF was more than 70% reliable in predicting carrot Cu uptake and spinach Pb uptake. EF and MF are not effective as predictors of heavy metal uptake by vegetables. The role of other soil components including root exudates and by-products from microbial activities should also be investigated.

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