scholarly journals Effect of Constraint Loading on the Lower Limb Muscle Forces in Weightless Treadmill Exercise

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ning Guo ◽  
Xingyu Fan ◽  
Yuting Wu ◽  
Zhili Li ◽  
Shujuan Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Muscle Atrophy ◽  
Lower Limb ◽  
Treadmill Exercise ◽  
Rectus Femoris ◽  
Biceps Femoris ◽  
Lower Limb Muscle ◽  
Limb Muscle ◽  
Muscle Forces ◽  
Inverse Dynamic ◽  
Loading Mode

Long exposure to the microgravity will lead to muscle atrophy and bone loss. Treadmill exercise could mitigate the musculoskeletal decline. But muscle atrophy remains inevitable. The constraint loading applied on astronauts could affect the muscle force and its atrophy severity. However, the quantitative correlation between constraint loading mode and muscle forces remains unclear. This study aimed to characterize the influence of constraint loading mode on the lower limb muscle forces in weightless treadmill exercise. The muscle forces in the full gait cycle were calculated with the inverse dynamic model of human musculoskeletal system. The calculated muscle forces at gravity were validated with the EMG data. Muscle forces increased at weightlessness compared with those at the earth’s gravity. The increasing percentage from high to low is as follows: biceps femoris, gastrocnemius, soleus, vastus, and rectus femoris, which was in agreement with the muscle atrophy observed in astronauts. The constraint loading mode had an impact on the muscle forces in treadmill exercise and thus could be manipulated to enhance the effect of the muscle training in spaceflight. The findings could provide biomechanical basis for the optimization of treadmill constraint system and training program and improve the countermeasure efficiency in spaceflight.

Analysis of Lower Limb Muscle Function in Ergometer Rowing

1988 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 315-325 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.-M. John Wilson ◽  
D. Gordon E. Robertson ◽  
J. Peter Stothart
Keyword(s):  
Lower Limb ◽  
Muscle Function ◽  
Tibialis Anterior ◽  
Vastus Lateralis ◽  
Gluteus Maximus ◽  
Rectus Femoris ◽  
Biceps Femoris ◽  
Peak Force ◽  
Lower Limb Muscle ◽  
Limb Muscle

In an effort to seek further understanding of lower limb muscle function in the rowing movement, an electromyographic analysis was undertaken of rowers rowing on a Gjessing ergometer. A strain gauged transducer was inserted in the ergometer linkage between handle and flywheel to detect pulling force. Electrodes were placed on the following lower limb muscles: gluteus maximus, biceps femoris, rectus femoris, vastus lateralis, gastrocnemius, and tibialis anterior. Linear envelope electromyograms from each muscle and the force signals were sampled synchronously at 50 Hz. The results indicated that all six muscles were active from catch to finish of the drive phase. Biceps femoris, gluteus maximus, gastrocnemius, and vastus lateralis all began their activity at or just prior to catch and reached maximal excitation near peak force of the stroke. Rectus femoris and tibialis anterior activity began prior to the catch and reached maximal excitation subsequent to peak force. The coactivation of the five leg muscles, of which four were biarticular, included potentially antagonistic actions that would cancel each other’s effects. Clearly, however, other explanations must be considered. Both gastrocnemius and biceps femoris have been shown to act as knee extensors and may do so in the case of the rowing action. Furthermore, rectus femoris may act with unchanging length as a knee extensor by functioning as a rigid link between the pelvis and tibia. In this manner, energy created by the hip extensors is transferred across the knee joint via the isometrically contracting rectus femoris muscle.

Prophylactic knee bracing alters lower-limb muscle forces during a double-leg drop landing

2016 ◽  
Vol 49 (14) ◽  
pp. 3347-3354 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katie A. Ewing ◽  
Justin W. Fernandez ◽  
Rezaul K. Begg ◽  
Mary P. Galea ◽  
Peter V.S. Lee
Keyword(s):  
Lower Limb ◽  
Lower Limb Muscle ◽  
Limb Muscle ◽  
Muscle Forces ◽  
Drop Landing

scholarly journals A systematic review of approaches to modelling lower limb muscle forces during gait: Applicability to clinical gait analyses

2018 ◽  
Vol 61 ◽  
pp. 353-361 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ursula Trinler ◽  
Kristen Hollands ◽  
Richard Jones ◽  
Richard Baker
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Lower Limb ◽  
Lower Limb Muscle ◽  
Limb Muscle ◽  
Muscle Forces

Effect of sloped walking on lower limb muscle forces

2016 ◽  
Vol 47 ◽  
pp. 62-67 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nathalie Alexander ◽  
Hermann Schwameder
Keyword(s):  
Lower Limb ◽  
Lower Limb Muscle ◽  
Limb Muscle ◽  
Muscle Forces

scholarly journals Stroke Sarcopenia Patients Cause Weakness and Atrophy in the Knee and Ankle Joints

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. 214-214
Author(s):  
Yamanoi Jyunya
Keyword(s):  
Knee Joint ◽  
Ankle Joint ◽  
Muscle Weakness ◽  
Muscle Atrophy ◽  
Lower Limb ◽  
Chronic Stroke ◽  
Triceps Surae ◽  
Stroke Survivors ◽  
Lower Limb Muscle ◽  
Limb Muscle

Abstract Objectives Chronic stroke survivors tend to be inactive, often with sarcopenia, and have decreased physical function and activities of daily living. Muscle atrophy and weakness differ between sarcopenia patients and stroke patients. Therefore, it is difficult to evaluate physiotherapy and intervention for sarcopenic patients with stroke. The purpose of this study was to identify muscles that cause muscle weakness and muscle atrophy in stroke sarcopenia patients. Methods The subjects were 117 chronic stroke survivors who were 65 years or older. Subjects were determined using the criteria of the Asian Working Group on Sarcopenia in 2019 to determine the presence of sarcopenia and were classified into sarcopenia group (SG, n = 60) and non sarcopenia group (nSG, n = 57). Atrophy assessments obtained unaffected lower limb muscle thickness (iliopsoas, gluteus maximus, gluteus medius, hamstrings, quadriceps femoris, tibialis anterior, triceps surae) using B-mode of transverse ultrasound imaging. Strength assessments obtained unaffected lower limb muscle strength (flexion, extension, abduction, adduction, external rotation and internal rotation of hip joint, flexion and extension of knee joint, planter flexion and dorsiflexion of ankle joint) using handheld dynamometer. We conducted a Student's t-test to compare the two groups. A P-value of <0.05 was considered to show statistical significance for all analyses. When the significance level is less than 0.05, the power is also calculated, and it is considered that the significant difference can be secured when P < 0.05 and power >0.8. We conducted with the approval of the ethics committee of Aichi Saiseikai Rehabilitation Hospital (201,908). Results SG had muscle atrophy in all muscles compared to nSG (P < 0.05, power >0.8). SG had muscle weakness in all joint direction compared to nSG (P < 0.05, power >0.8). In particular, extension of knee joint and planter flexion of ankle joint muscle weakness, quadriceps femoris and triceps surae muscle atrophy occurred (P < 0.01, power >0.8). Conclusions Assessment and intervention of skeletal muscle in stroke sarcopenia patients should focus on the knee joint and ankle joint. Funding Sources The authors declare no conflicts of interest associated with this manuscript.

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