scholarly journals Heparan Sulfate Proteoglycans in Human Colorectal Cancer

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carolina Meloni Vicente ◽  
Daiana Aparecida da Silva ◽  
Priscila Veronica Sartorio ◽  
Tiago Donizetti Silva ◽  
Sarhan Sydney Saad ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Heparan Sulfate ◽  
Heparan Sulfate Proteoglycans ◽  
Disease Stage ◽  
Stage At Diagnosis ◽  
Human Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Complex Molecules ◽  
Common Cancer ◽  
Therapy And Diagnosis ◽  
Cell Surface Proteoglycan

Colorectal cancer is the third most common cancer worldwide, accounting for more than 610,000 mortalities every year. Prognosis of patients is highly dependent on the disease stage at diagnosis. Therefore, it is crucial to investigate molecules involved in colorectal cancer tumorigenesis, with possible use as tumor markers. Heparan sulfate proteoglycans are complex molecules present in the cell membrane and extracellular matrix, which play vital roles in cell adhesion, migration, proliferation, and signaling pathways. In colorectal cancer, the cell surface proteoglycan syndecan-2 is upregulated and increases cell migration. Moreover, expression of syndecan-1 and syndecan-4, generally antitumor molecules, is reduced. Levels of glypicans and perlecan are also altered in colorectal cancer; however, their role in tumor progression is not fully understood. In addition, studies have reported increased heparan sulfate remodeling enzymes, as the endosulfatases. Therefore, heparan sulfate proteoglycans are candidate molecules to clarify colorectal cancer tumorigenesis, as well as important targets to therapy and diagnosis.

scholarly journals Coptidis Rhizoma Extract Reverses 5-Fluorouracil Resistance in hct116 Human Colorectal Cancer Cells via Modulation of Thymidylate Synthase

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (7) ◽  
pp. 1856
Author(s):  
Yong-Hwi Kang ◽  
Jin-Seok Lee ◽  
Nam-Hun Lee ◽  
Seung-Hyung Kim ◽  
Chang-Seob Seo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Thymidylate Synthase ◽  
Cell Cycle Distribution ◽  
Human Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Common Cancer ◽  
G1 Phase Arrest ◽  
Colorectal Cancer Cells ◽  
Coptidis Rhizoma ◽  
Underlying Mechanisms ◽  
Human Colorectal Cancer Cells

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a malignancy of the colon or rectum. It is ranked as the third most common cancer in both men and women worldwide. Early resection permitted by early detection is the best treatment, and chemotherapy is another main treatment, particularly for patients with advanced CRC. A well-known thymidylate synthase (TS) inhibitor, 5-fluorouracil (5-FU), is frequently prescribed to CRC patients; however, drug resistance is a critical limitation of its clinical application. Based on the hypothesis that Coptidis Rhizoma extract (CRE) can abolish this 5-FU resistance, we explored the efficacy and underlying mechanisms of CRE in 5-FU-resistant (HCT116/R) and parental HCT116 (HCT116/WT) cells. Compared to treatment with 5-FU alone, combination treatment with CRE and 5-FU drastically reduced the viability of HCT116/R cells. The cell cycle distribution assay showed significant induction of the G0/G1 phase arrest by co-treatment with CRE and 5-FU. In addition, the combination of CRE and 5-FU notably suppressed the activity of TS, which was overexpressed in HCT116/R cells, as compared to HCT116/WT cells. Our findings support the potential of CRE as an adjuvant agent against 5-FU-resistant colorectal cancers and indicate that the underlying mechanisms might involve inhibition of TS expression.

scholarly journals Heparan sulfate proteoglycans undergo differential expression alterations in right sided colorectal cancer, depending on their metastatic character

BMC Cancer ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Iván Fernández-Vega ◽  
Olivia García-Suárez ◽  
Beatriz García ◽  
Ainara Crespo ◽  
Aurora Astudillo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Heparan Sulfate ◽  
Differential Expression ◽  
Heparan Sulfate Proteoglycans

scholarly journals Heparan sulfate proteoglycans undergo differential expression alterations in left sided colorectal cancer, depending on their metastatic character

BMC Cancer ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ainara Crespo ◽  
Olivia García-Suárez ◽  
Iván Fernández-Vega ◽  
María Pilar Solis-Hernandez ◽  
Beatriz García ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Heparan Sulfate ◽  
Differential Expression ◽  
Heparan Sulfate Proteoglycans

Stage at Diagnosis and Survival of Colorectal Cancer With or Without Underlying Inflammatory Bowel Disease: A Population-based Study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chanpreet Arhi ◽  
Alan Askari ◽  
Subramanian Nachiappan ◽  
Alex Bottle ◽  
Naila Arebi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Inflammatory Bowel Disease ◽  
Bowel Disease ◽  
Stage Ii ◽  
Stage Iii ◽  
Disease Stage ◽  
Stage At Diagnosis ◽  
Sporadic Group ◽  
Cox Regression Analysis ◽  
Inflammatory Bowel

Abstract Background Inflammatory bowel disease [IBD] is a risk factor for colorectal cancer [CRC]. The aim of this study is to determine whether stage at diagnosis and survival differ between sporadic, ulcerative colitis [UC]- and Crohn’s disease [CD]-related CRC. Methods The English National Cancer Registry [NCIN], Hospital Episode Statistics [HES] and Office for National Statistics [ONS] datasets between 2000 and 2010 were linked, providing data on comorbidities, stage and date of death. A logistic regression model determined whether IBD was associated with an early [I/II] or late [III/IV] cancer. Cox regression analysis was used to examine survival differences between sporadic, UC- and CD-related cancers. Results A total of 234 009 patients with CRC were included, of whom 985 [0.4%] and 1922 [0.8%] had CD and UC, respectively. UC, but not CD, was associated with an earlier stage compared with sporadic cancers (odds ratio [OR] 0.88, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.79 to 0.98, p = 0.02). CD had a significantly worse survival compared with sporadic patients for stage II [HR = 1.71, CI 1.26 to 2.31 p <0.005] and III [1.53, CI 1.20 to 1.96, p <0.005] cancer. UC patients were associated with worse survival compared with the sporadic group for both stage III [1.38, CI 1.17 to 1.63, p <0.0005] and IV [1.13, CI 1.01 to 1.28, p = 0.04] cancer. After excluding sporadic patients, UC was associated with improved survival compared with CD [0.62, CI 0.43 to 0.90, p = 0.01] for stage II cancer. Conclusions Patients with IBD are diagnosed at an earlier stage but tend to have a worse survival compared with sporadic cases of CRC, in particular for nodal disease [stage III].Specifically, patients with CD-related CRC appear to fare worst in terms of survival compared with both the sporadic and UC groups.

Localization of cell-surface and basement-membrane heparan-sulfate proteoglycans using the malaria circumsporozoite protein

1994 ◽  
Vol 52 ◽  
pp. 294-295
Author(s):  
U. Frevert ◽  
S. Sinnis ◽  
C. Cerami ◽  
V. Nussenzweig
Keyword(s):  
Heparan Sulfate ◽  
Protein A ◽  
Kidney Tissue ◽  
Plasmodium Species ◽  
Its Region ◽  
Basement Membranes ◽  
Heparan Sulfate Proteoglycans ◽  
Infected Mosquito ◽  
Complement Components ◽  
Region Ii

Malaria sporozoites, which invade hepatocytes within minutes after transmission by an infected mosquito, are covered with the circumsporozoite (CS) protein, which in all Plasmodium species contains the conserved region II-plus. This region is also found as a cell-adhesive motif in a variety of host proteins like thrombospondin, properdin and the terminal complement components.The CS protein with its region II-plus specifically binds to heparan sulfate proteoglycans (HSPG) on the basolateral surface of hepatocytes in the space of Disse (FIG. 1), to certain basolateral cell membranes and basement membranes of the kidney (FIG. 2) as well as to heparin in the granules of connective tissue mast cells. The distribution of the HSPG receptors for the CS protein was examined by incubation of Lowicryl K4M or LR White sections of liver and kidney tissue with the recombinant CS ligand, whose binding sites were detected with a monoclonal anti-CS antibody and protein A gold.

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