scholarly journals Uroplakin IIIa Is a Marker in Bladder Cancer but Seems Not to Reflect Chemical Carcinogenesis

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Szymańska ◽  
M. Matuszewski ◽  
J. Dembowski ◽  
R. Zdrojowy ◽  
A. Długosz
Keyword(s):  
Bladder Cancer ◽  
Environmental Exposure ◽  
Chemical Carcinogenesis ◽  
Tumor Stage ◽  
Diagnostic Value ◽  
High Grade ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Immunoenzymatic Method ◽  
Smoking Group ◽  
Sensitivity Specificity

Background. Uroplakins are glycoproteins investigated as potential markers of urothelial carcinoma. However, their role in chemical carcinogenesis is uncertain. In this study the diagnostic value of plasma and urine uroplakin IIIa (UPIIIa) levels in bladder cancer (BC) was investigated, particularly in the aspect of environmental exposure to chemical carcinogens, measured by DNA damage and detoxification ability in the BC smoking group. The correlation between uroplakin, 8-OHdG, and GSTπ was investigated. Material and Methods. This study included 61 BC patients and 33 healthy controls. UPIIIa, 8-OHdG, and GSTπ levels were estimated by the immunoenzymatic method (ELISA). Results. UPIIIa levels were elevated in BC patients in plasma (p≤0.001) and in urine (p≤0.001), as were 8-OHdG and GSTπ levels in urine. Moreover, the 8-OHdG level was higher in invasive or high grade tumors. A positive correlation between UPIIIa/GSTπ and 8-OHdG/GSTπ was observed, but no UPIIIa/8-OHdG correlation was noted. Conclusion. The study showed the diagnostic value of urine and plasma UPIIIa in BC (good sensitivity, specificity, and predictive value). The lack of UPIIIa correlation with 8-OHdG and smoking suggests that UPIIIa does not reflect the environmental exposure. The increased levels of 8-OHdG and GSTπ in the invasive tumor stage indicate their value in BC monitoring.

scholarly journals Plasma Lipidomic Profiles of Kidney, Breast, and Prostate Cancer Patients Differ from Healthy Controls

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Denise Wolrab ◽  
Robert Jirásko ◽  
Ondřej Peterka ◽  
Jakub Idkowiak ◽  
Michaela Chocholoušková ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Clinical Medicine ◽  
Tumor Stage ◽  
Blood Analysis ◽  
Blood Collection ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Lipid Species ◽  
Breast And Prostate Cancer ◽  
Sensitivity Specificity

Abstract Early cancer screening is one of the unmet needs in clinical medicine. The peripheral blood analysis is a preferred method for efficient population screening as blood collection is well embedded in clinical practice and minimally invasive for patients. Lipids are important biomolecules, and variations in lipid concentrations may reflect pathological disorders. The lipidomic profiling by ultrahigh-performance supercritical fluid chromatography hyphenated to mass spectrometry of human plasma for distinguishing samples obtained from breast, kidney, and prostate cancer patients and healthy controls is investigated. The mean sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of the new lipidomic profiling approach were 85%, 95%, and 92% for kidney cancer; 91%, 97%, and 94% for breast cancer; and 87%, 95%, and 92% for prostate cancer. No association of statistical models with tumor stage is observed. The statistically most significant lipid species for differentiation of studied cancer types are CE 16:0, Cer 42:1, LPC 18:2, PC 36:2, PC 36:3, SM 32:1, and SM 41:1.

Serum microRNA signatures for the detection of pancreatobiliary cancer.

2019 ◽  
Vol 37 (15_suppl) ◽  
pp. e15718-e15718
Author(s):  
Shuichi Mitsunaga ◽  
Shogo Nomura ◽  
Kazuo Hara ◽  
Yukiko Takayama ◽  
Makoto Ueno ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Validation Cohort ◽  
External Validation ◽  
Diagnostic Value ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Mirna Signature ◽  
Training Set ◽  
Linear Discriminant ◽  
Serum Mirna ◽  
Validation Set ◽  
Sensitivity Specificity

e15718 Background: The diagnostic value of serum microRNAs (miRNA) in a highly sensitive microarray for pancreatobiliary cancer (PBca) has been demonstrated. This study attempted to build and validate a signature comprised of multiple serum miRNA markers for discriminating PBca from healthy controls. Methods: A multicenter prospective study on the diagnostic performance of serum miRNAs was conducted. The patients (pts) with treatment-naïve PBca and healthy participants aged ≥60 years were enrolled. Clinical data and sera were collected. Target population was randomly divided to training or validation cohort with an allocation ratio of 2:1. Twenty-nine serum miRNA markers on the microarray data were analyzed. Using any combinations of the markers, a Fisher’s linear discriminant analysis was performed, and the resulting sensitivity, specificity and AUC of ROC curve to discriminate PBca from healthy controls were calculated for each combination. Marker combinations with a sensitivity/specificity (SN/SP) of ≥80%/90% and high AUC in comparison with AUC of CA19-9 were defined as the diagnostic miRNA signature, which were selected in the training cohort. Next, the signatures were screened out which showed a good reproducibility in the validation cohort. As an independent external cohort, PBca pts and healthy with pooled frozen sera were enrolled and the identified miRNA signatures were further validated. Results: Total of 546 participants (80 healthy and 223 PBca in training set, 40 healthy and 104 PBca in validation set, 49 healthy and 50 PBca in external validation set) were analyzed in this study. Four serum miRNA combinations were identified as the diagnostic miRNA signature. In the training set, four miRNA signatures, consisted of 10 miRNAs, were developed. For the best-performed miRNA signature, the SN/SP and AUC in the validation and external validation cohorts were 84/90% and 0.95 (CA19-9: 73/95% and 0.88) and 84/90% and 0.93 (CA19-9: 80/94% and 0.87), respectively. Conclusions: The diagnostic serum miRNA signatures for PBca were identified in this study.

scholarly journals Evaluation of clinical and laboratory characteristics of patients with bladder cancer in Ardabil province, 2016

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 885
Author(s):  
Ali Hoseinkhani ◽  
Firouz Amani ◽  
Yasamin Torabi
Keyword(s):  
Bladder Cancer ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Tumor Grade ◽  
Tumor Stage ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Common Type ◽  
Blood Type ◽  
High Grade ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Urethral Carcinoma

Background: Bladder cancer is the most common cancer of the urethra and genital tract and is ranked ninth in terms of its incidence. The aim of this study was to investigate the clinical and laboratory characteristics of patients with bladder cancer in Ardabil province.Methods: This is a cross-sectional study that has been done on 81 patients with bladder cancer. Necessary information such as age, sex, blood type, RH, family history of bladder cancer, smoking, drug use, tumor stage and grade and type of tumor were collected from the patient's hospital record or by telephone interview.Results: Sixty seven patients (82.7%) were male. The mean age of patients was 66.9±15.02 years. The blood group A, was the most common type of blood. (39.5%) of all patients, 54.3% had cigarette smoking and 47(58%) live in city. The most common type of tumor grade was high-grade papillary urethral carcinoma (48.1%).The most common stages of the tumor was Ta (40.7%) and the most common clinical manifestation was hematuria (90.1%). 27 patients (33.3%) had a delay of more than 3 months between observation of hematuria and cystoscopy.Conclusions: The findings showed that the most common grade and stage of the tumor in patients were high-grade papillary urethral carcinoma and Ta; the most prevalent clinical presentation was hematuria; the prevalence of the disease was higher among males, at ages older than 70 years old, in people with a blood type A, and among people living in urban areas; a study with bigger sample size should be done in future in the country Iran.

scholarly journals Diagnostic value of Telomerase Activity in patients with Bladder cancer: a meta-analysis of diagnostic test

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lei Peng ◽  
Jinze Li ◽  
ZhengJu Ren ◽  
Hong De Cao ◽  
Lujia He ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bladder Cancer ◽  
Subgroup Analysis ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Negative Likelihood Ratio ◽  
Diagnostic Odds Ratio ◽  
Diagnostic Value ◽  
Telomerase Activity ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Sensitivity Specificity

Abstract Background: This study aimed to evaluate the diagnostic value of telomerase activity (TA) for bladder cancer (BC) by meta-analysis. Methods: We conducted a systematic search of studies published on PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science up to June 1, 2019. We used Stata 15 and Review Manager 5.3 for calculations and statistical analysis. Results: To evaluate the diagnostic value of TA for BC, we performed a meta-analysis on 22 studies, with a total of 2867 individuals, including sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative likelihood ratio (PLR, NLR), diagnostic odds ratio (DOR), and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). The pooled parameters were calculated from all studies and we found a sensitivity of 0.79 (95% CI: 0.72 – 0.84), a specificity of 0.91 (95% CI: 0.87–0.94), a PLR of 8.91 (95% CI: 5.91–13.43), an NLR of 0.24 (95% CI: 0.15–0.37), a DOR of 37.90 (95% CI: 23.32–61.59), and an AUC of 0.92 (95% CI: 0.90–0.94). We also conducted a subgroup analysis based on the different stages and grades of BC. Results from the subgroup analysis showed that there was no significant difference in TA in either high and low stages of BC, but that low-grade tumours had a lower TA than high-grade tumours. Conclusions: In BC, there is a high overall diagnostic value for TA, and this could provide an alternative to cystoscopy for staging and grading of tumours. The tumor characteristics also showed a good diagnostic value

scholarly journals Diagnostic value of Telomerase Activity in patients with Bladder cancer: a meta-analysis of diagnostic test

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lei Peng ◽  
Lujia He ◽  
ZhengJu Ren ◽  
Hong De Cao ◽  
Jinze Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bladder Cancer ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Negative Likelihood Ratio ◽  
Diagnostic Odds Ratio ◽  
Diagnostic Value ◽  
Telomerase Activity ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Meta Analyses ◽  
Sensitivity Specificity

Abstract Background This article aims to evaluate the diagnostic value of telomerase activity (TA) in bladder cancer (BC) by meta-analysis of diagnostic tests. Methods We conducted a systematic search of articles published on PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science up to June 1, 2019.Stata 15 and Review Manager 5.3 were used for calculation and statistical analyses. Results We use the sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative likelihood ratio (PLR,NLR),diagnostic odds ratio (DOR) and 95% confidengce intervals (CIs) to evaluate the diagnostic value of TA for BC. 22 studies were included in the meta- analyses, with a total of 2867 individuals. The pooled parameters are calculated from all studies: sensitivity of 0.79(95%CI:0.72-0.84), specificity of 0.91(95%CI:0.87-0.94), PLR of 8.91(95%CI:5.91-13.43),NLR of 0.24(95%CI:0.15-0.37), DOR of 37.90(95%CI:23.32-61.59), AUC of 0.92(95%CI:0.90-0.94). We also conducted subgroup based on different stages and grades. Results from subgroup analysis showed that there was no significant difference in TA during the high and low stages BC, but low-grade tumors have lower TA than high-grade tumors. Conclusions For the diagnosis of BC, the overall diagnostic value of TA is high, and is expected to be an alternative to cystoscopy for different staging and grading. The tumor also has a very good diagnostic value.

Assessment of the diagnostic value of microsatellite instability in the urine of bladder cancer patients.

2019 ◽  
Vol 37 (7_suppl) ◽  
pp. 384-384
Author(s):  
Hussein Mustafa Khaled ◽  
Abdel-Rahman Zekri ◽  
Mai B Mohamed ◽  
Fatma M Diab ◽  
Mona Abdellateif ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bladder Cancer ◽  
Microsatellite Instability ◽  
Tumor Tissue ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Diagnostic Value ◽  
Urine Samples ◽  
Tissue Samples ◽  
Predictive Values ◽  
Promising Tool ◽  
Sensitivity Specificity

384 Background: Microsatellite alterations in urine sediments have proved to be a promising tool for detection of bladder cancer (BC) due to its high sensitivity and specificity. Methods: We assessed the possible prognostic and predictive values of microsatellite alterations in tissue samples and urine sediments obtained from Egyptian patients with BC, and their utility as diagnostic, prognostic and predictive value. Microsatellite instability (MSI) and loss of heterozygosity (LOH) were assessed using 13 microsatellite markers in tumor tissue and urine sediments of 30 patients with BC. The concordance between MSI in tissue and urine samples was determined. Results: We found that MSI was more frequent than LOH (100% and 46.7%; respectively). D16S310, MBP and IFN-α showed the highest MSI frequency in urine samples (70%, 70% and 66.67%; respectively), while MBP, ACTBP2 and D9S171 (66.67%, 63.33%, and 60%; respectively) were the most frequently detected in tumor tissue. All markers correlated significantly with the pathological subtypes (more frequent in TCC) and hematuria. The concordance between tissue and urine was statistically significant for , D9S171, D16S476, FGA and ACTBP2 (P = 0.04, 0.015, 0.02 and 0.007; respectively). When we combined D16S476 and D9S171, the sensitivity, specificity, PPV and NPV reached (80.0%, 75.0%, 82.8% and 71.4%; respectively) for diagnosis of BC . Conclusions: Thus MSI in urine sediments could be a sensitive and reliable method for diagnosis of BC.

scholarly journals UBC®Rapid Test for detection of carcinoma in situ for bladder cancer

Tumor Biology ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 39 (5) ◽  
pp. 101042831770162 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thorsten H Ecke ◽  
Sarah Weiß ◽  
Carsten Stephan ◽  
Steffen Hallmann ◽  
Dimitri Barski ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bladder Cancer ◽  
Urinary Bladder ◽  
Carcinoma In Situ ◽  
Rapid Test ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
High Grade ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Muscle Invasive

UBC® Rapid Test is a test that detects fragments of cytokeratins 8 and 18 in urine. We present results of a multicentre study measuring UBC® Rapid Test in bladder cancer patients and healthy controls with focus on carcinoma in situ (CIS) and high-grade bladder cancer. From our study with N = 452 patients, we made a stratified sub-analysis for carcinoma in situ of the urinary bladder. Clinical urine samples were used from 87 patients with tumours of the urinary bladder (23 carcinoma in situ, 23 non-muscle-invasive low-grade tumours, 21 non-muscle-invasive high-grade tumours and 20 muscle-invasive high-grade tumours) and from 22 healthy controls. The cut-off value was defined at 10.0 µg/L. Urine samples were analysed by the UBC® Rapid Test point-of-care system (concile Omega 100 POC reader). Pathological levels of UBC Rapid Test in urine are higher in patients with bladder cancer in comparison to the control group (p < 0.001). Sensitivity was calculated at 86.9% for carcinoma in situ, 30.4% for non-muscle-invasive low-grade bladder cancer, 71.4% for nonmuscle-invasive high grade bladder cancer and 60% for muscle-invasive high-grade bladder cancer, and specificity was 90.9%. The area under the curve of the quantitative UBC® Rapid Test using the optimal threshold obtained by receiveroperated curve analysis was 0.75. Pathological values of UBC® Rapid Test in urine are higher in patients with high-grade bladder cancer in comparison to low-grade tumours and the healthy control group. UBC® Rapid Test has potential to be more sensitive and specific urinary protein biomarker for accurate detection of high-grade patients and could be added especially in the diagnostics for carcinoma in situ and non-muscle-invasive high-grade tumours of urinary bladder cancer.

scholarly journals Diagnostic Value of Plasma Annexin A2 in Early-Stage High-Grade Serous Ovarian Cancer

Diagnostics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 69
Author(s):  
Noor A. Lokman ◽  
Carmela Ricciardelli ◽  
Andrew N. Stephens ◽  
Thomas W. Jobling ◽  
Peter Hoffmann ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ovarian Cancer ◽  
Early Detection ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Diagnostic Value ◽  
Annexin A2 ◽  
High Grade ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Operating Characteristics ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
Stage Ia

Ovarian cancer (OC) is commonly diagnosed at advanced stage when prognosis is poor. Consequently, there is an urgent clinical need to identify novel biomarkers for early detection to improve survival. We examined the diagnostic value of the calcium phospholipid binding protein annexin A2 (ANXA2), which plays an important role in OC metastasis. Annexin A2 plasma levels in patients with high grade serous OC (n = 105), benign ovarian lesions (n = 55) and healthy controls (n = 143) were measured by ELISA. Annexin A2 levels were found to be significantly increased in patients with stage I (p < 0.0001) and stage IA (p = 0.0027) OC when compared to healthy controls. In the logistic regression models followed by receiver operating characteristics (ROC) curve analyses, plasma annexin A2 showed 46.7% sensitivity at 99.6% specificity in distinguishing stage IA OC patients from healthy controls and 75% sensitivity at 65.5% specificity in the diagnosis of stage IA versus benign ovarian tumors. In the diagnosis of stage IA OC versus normal controls, the combination of plasma annexin A2 and CA125 showed 80% sensitivity at 99.6% specificity (AUC = 0.970) which was significantly higher than for CA125 (53.3% sensitivity at 99.6% specificity; AUC = 0.891) alone. The diagnostic accuracy in distinguishing stage IA OC from benign ovarian disease when combining annexin A2 and CA125 (71.4% accuracy at 100% sensitivity) was almost twice as high compared to CA125 (37.1% accuracy at 100% sensitivity) alone. In conclusion, annexin A2 in combination with CA125 has potential as a biomarker for the early detection of OC and to predict malignancy in patients with ovarian lesions, warranting further investigations.

Second-Line Intravesical Gemcitabine in High Risk Superficial Bladder Cancer: Our Experience

2009 ◽  
Vol 76 (3) ◽  
pp. 178-184
Author(s):  
A. Aloisi ◽  
L. Ruggera ◽  
P. Beltrami ◽  
M.A. Cerruto ◽  
F. Zattoni
Keyword(s):  
Bladder Cancer ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Superficial Bladder Cancer ◽  
Transitional Cell ◽  
Tumor Stage ◽  
Intravesical Instillation ◽  
High Grade ◽  
Second Line ◽  
Bcg Therapy

Purpose Intravesical instillation of Gemcitabine may represent a useful second-line chemotherapy in case of non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer. Herein, we reported our experience with intravesical Gemcitabine in a group of patients affected by high-grade transitional cell carcinoma (TCC) of the bladder. Materials and Methods We retrospectively analyzed a total of 17 patients (15 males and 2 females), affected by high-risk superficial bladder cancer, who were refractory, intolerant or not eligible to intravesical BCG immunotherapy. Each patient received 2000 mg of Gemcitabine diluted in 100 mL of 0.9% saline solution, administered twice a week for 6 weeks. At start, TCC stage and grade were: CIS in 10 patients, TaG3 in 5 and T1G3 in the remaining 2 cases. Those with no macroscopic lesion and negative cytology and histology were considered as complete responders; those with only positive cytology as partial responders, and those with positive biopsy or evidence of macroscopic lesions as non-responders. Results Patients’ mean age was 71.5 yrs (± 7.3 yrs standard deviation). Overall, median follow-up was 12 months [interquartile range (IQR) 9–15 months]. A complete remission was achieved in 10 cases (58.8%), a partial response in 2 (11.8%), while 5 patients (29.4%) were considered as non-responders. Tumor stage and/or grade progression was observed in 26.7% of the cases. Overall, the 6-month recurrence-free survival was 33.3%. Drug toxicity was relatively low: 2 patients developed a grade II dysuria (NCI-CTC criteria); fever >38° was observed in 1 case. Conclusions Although our experience and follow-up are still rather limited to formulate any conclusive assessment, our study seems to confirm that Gemcitabine could be used as a safe and efficient intravesical chemotherapy agent even in high grade TCCs, representing a promising second-line option in those cases who failed, were intolerant or not eligible to BCG therapy. (Urologia 2009; 76: 178–84)

scholarly journals The diagnostic value of serum microRNA-183 and TK1 as biomarkers for colorectal cancer diagnosis

2017 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 243-247
Author(s):  
Xiangrong Zhu ◽  
Xiongtie Wang ◽  
Xihua Chen
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Cancer Diagnosis ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Diagnostic Value ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Significant Statistical Difference ◽  
Median Serum ◽  
Colorectal Cancer Patients ◽  
Sensitivity Specificity

AbstractObjectiveTo evaluate the serum levels of microRNA-183 (miR-183) and thymidine kinase 1 (TK1) in colorectal cancer patients and their clinical value as biomarkers for colorectal cancer auxiliary diagnosis.MethodsForty-six pathology confirmed colorectal cancer patients and 46 healthy controls were included in this study. The serum levels of miR-183 and TK1 in colorectal cancer patients and healthy controls were examined by real-time PCR and chemiluminescence detection assay respectively. The diagnostic value of serum miR-183 and TK1 as tumor biomarkers for colorectal cancer detection was evaluated through receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves.ResultsThe median serum relative expression of miR-183 was 1.33 (0.34-5.65) and 0.88 (0.26-4.67) in colorectal cancer patients and healthy controls respectively with significant statistical difference (p<0.05). Using serum miR-183 as the diagnostic reference, the colorectal cancer diagnosis sensitivity, specificity and AUC was 65.22%, 63.04% and 0.69 respectively. The median serum level of TK1 was 3.33 (0.78-5.78) pmol/L and 0.99 (0.34-4.46) pmol/L in colorectal cancer patients and healthy controls respectively with significant statistical difference (p<0.05). The diagnostic sensitivity, specificity and AUC was 84.78%, 78.26% and 0.88 respectively forserum TK1 as reference for colorectal diagnosis. The pearson correlation test was used to evaluate the serum miR-183 and TK1 correlation in colorectal cancer patients. However, no significant correlation between serum miR-183 and TK1 was found in colorectal patients (p>0.05).ConclusionSerum levels of miR-183 and TK1 arepotential biomarkers for colorectal cancer auxiliary diagnosis.

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