scholarly journals Ingesting Self-Grown Produce and Seropositivity for Hepatitis E in the United States

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas M. Diehl ◽  
Daniel J. Adams ◽  
Cade M. Nylund
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Multivariable Analysis ◽  
Hepatitis E ◽  
The United States ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Industrialized Countries ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
Health And Nutrition ◽  
Dietary Interview

Background. Hepatitis E virus (HEV) is a major cause of hepatitis in developing and industrialized countries worldwide. The modes of HEV transmission in industrialized countries, including the United States, remain largely unknown. This study is aimed at evaluating the association between HEV seropositivity and consumption of self-grown foods in the United States. Methods. Cross-sectional data was extracted from the 2009–2012 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). Data from the dietary interview and the serum HEV IgG and IgM enzyme immunoassay test results were linked and examined. Univariate and multivariable logistic regression models were used to evaluate the significance and effect size of an association between self-grown food consumption and hepatitis E seropositivity. Results. The estimated HEV seroprevalence in the civilian, noninstitutionalized US population was 6.6% in 2009–2012, which corresponds to an estimated hepatitis E national seroprevalence of 17,196,457 people. Overall, 10.9% of participants who ingested self-grown foods had positive HEV antibodies versus 6.1% of participants who did not consume self-grown foods (P<0.001; odds ratio (OR) 1.87; 95% CI 1.41–2.48). In the age-stratified multivariable analysis, the correlation between ingesting self-grown foods and HEV seropositivity was significant for participants 40–59 years old, but not overall, or for those < 40 years or ≥60 years. Conclusions. Ingesting self-grown food, or simply the process of gardening/farming, may be a source of zoonotic HEV transmission.

scholarly journals Current epidemiology of hepatitis E virus infection in the United States: Low seroprevalence in the National Health and Nutrition Evaluation Survey

Hepatology ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 60 (3) ◽  
pp. 815-822 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ivo Ditah ◽  
Fausta Ditah ◽  
Pardha Devaki ◽  
Calistus Ditah ◽  
Patrick S. Kamath ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Virus Infection ◽  
National Health ◽  
Hepatitis E Virus ◽  
Hepatitis E ◽  
The United States ◽  
Health And Nutrition ◽  
Evaluation Survey

scholarly journals The Association Between Habitual Sleep Duration and Hypertension Control in the United States (US) Adults With Hypertension

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Everlyne G. Ogugu ◽  
Sheryl L. Catz ◽  
Janice F. Bell ◽  
Christiana Drake ◽  
Julie T. Bidwell ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Sleep Duration ◽  
Reference Group ◽  
The United States ◽  
Limited Data ◽  
Hypertension Control ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
Health And Nutrition ◽  
Adjusted Model ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract Although sleep duration has been identified as a significant factor in risk for hypertension, there is limited data on the relationship between sleep duration and hypertension control. This study examined the association between habitual sleep duration and hypertension control in United States of America (USA) adults with hypertension. A total of 5,163 adults from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2015 – 2018) were analyzed. Survey-weighted multivariable logistic regression models were fit to examine the association between habitual sleep duration (coded as <6, 6 - <7, 7 – 9 (reference), and >9 hours) and hypertension control (BP <130/80mmHg versus ≥130/80mmHg), adjusted for sociodemographic, sleep and health characteristics. In the fully adjusted model, habitual sleep duration of <6 hours/main sleep period was associated with reduced odds of hypertension control (OR = 0.66, 95% CI: 0.46 – 0.95, P = 0.027) when compared to 7 – 9 hours. No significant differences were noted in hypertension control between the reference group (7 - 9 hours) and the 6 - <7 or >9 hours groups. These findings suggest that measures to support adequate habitual sleep duration may help improve hypertension control in adults who habitually sleep for <6 hours/day.

scholarly journals Prevalence of hypotension in populations of the Russian Federation and the United States of America according to 30-year follow-up

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 2497
Author(s):  
V. G. Vilkov ◽  
S. A. Shalnova ◽  
Yu. A. Balanova ◽  
S. E. Evstifeeva ◽  
A. E. Imaeva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
The United States ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
National Medical ◽  
Health And Nutrition ◽  
The Us ◽  
The Usa

Aim. To study the prevalence of hypotension according to several criteria in the Russia and the USA.Material and methods. We used data of Russian population studies performed in 1975-1982 and ESSE-RF study performed in 2012-2014 at the National Medical Research Center for Therapy and Preventive Medicine. A comparison was made with the data of cross-sectional stu - dies of the US population — National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES): NHANES II (1976-1980) and Continuous NHANES (2007-2012). We analyzed age, sex, and systolic and diastolic blood pressure. The prevalence of individuals with hypotension was calculated in men and women of five age groups using four different criteria for hypertension.Results. The prevalence of hypotension in studies of different years according to different criteria was as follows: in the Russia — 0,3-9,0% in men and 2-15% in women; in the USA — 5-30% in men and 8-45% in women. In age group >30 years, the prevalence of hypotension in Russia, by most criteria, decreased approximately by 50% in men and did not change in women. In the United States, according to all criteria, the prevalence in men and women has increased 2-3 times.Conclusion. The prevalence of hypotension in the adult population ranges from decimal percentages to 45% and varies many times depending on the selected criterion.

scholarly journals The Association Between Hours Spent at Work and Obesity Status: Results From NHANES 2015 to 2016

2020 ◽  
Vol 34 (4) ◽  
pp. 359-365
Author(s):  
Caitlin Doerrmann ◽  
S. Cristina Oancea ◽  
Arielle Selya
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
National Health ◽  
Leisure Time Physical Activity ◽  
The United States ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Nutrition Examination Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Hours Worked ◽  
Health And Nutrition ◽  
Obesity Status

Purpose: To determine whether weekly hours worked is associated with obesity among employed adults in the United States. Design: Data from the 2015 to 2016 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey were used for this study. National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey is a cross-sectional study. Setting: National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey is conducted annually by the National Center for Health Statistics designed to assess the health and nutritional status of citizens in the United States. Participants: The final study sample size was 2,581. Measures: The outcome was obesity status (yes/no) and the exposure was the number of hours worked per week (<40, =40, >40 h/wk). Covariates of interest included in the analyses were income, age, education level, race, leisure-time physical activity, and gender. Analysis: A weighted and adjusted logistic regression model was conducted in order to investigate the association between the number of hours worked at a job per week and obesity status. Descriptive statistics and weighted and adjusted odds ratios were produced with 95% confidence intervals (CI). Results: After controlling for the covariates of interest, people working 40 or 40+ hours a week had 1.403 (95% CI: 1.06-1.85) and 1.409 (95% CI: 1.03-1.93) times significantly greater odds of obesity than those who work <40 hours a week, respectively. Conclusion: Obesity is a complex and multifactorial disease with genetic and environmental interactions, including the number of hours a person works/week as a potential risk factor.

Trends in Cannabis Involvement and Risk of Alcohol Involvement in Motor Vehicle Crash Fatalities in the United States, 2000‒2018

2021 ◽  
pp. e1-e10
Author(s):  
Marlene C. Lira ◽  
Timothy C. Heeren ◽  
Magdalena Buczek ◽  
Jason G. Blanchette ◽  
Rosanna Smart ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Motor Vehicle ◽  
Blood Alcohol Concentration ◽  
The United States ◽  
Alcohol Concentration ◽  
Motor Vehicle Crash ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
Vehicle Crash ◽  
Alcohol Involvement

Objectives. To assess cannabis and alcohol involvement among motor vehicle crash (MVC) fatalities in the United States. Methods. In this repeated cross-sectional analysis, we used data from the Fatality Analysis Reporting System from 2000 to 2018. Fatalities were cannabis-involved if an involved driver tested positive for a cannabinoid and alcohol-involved based on the highest blood alcohol concentration (BAC) of an involved driver. Multinomial mixed-effects logistic regression models assessed cannabis as a risk factor for alcohol by BAC level. Results. While trends in fatalities involving alcohol have remained stable, the percentage of fatalities involving cannabis and cannabis and alcohol increased from 9.0% in 2000 to 21.5% in 2018, and 4.8% in 2000 to 10.3% in 2018, respectively. In adjusted analyses, fatalities involving cannabis had 1.56 (95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.48, 1.65), 1.62 (95% CI = 1.52, 1.72), and 1.46 (95% CI = 1.42, 1.50) times the odds of involving BACs of 0.01% to 0.049%, 0.05% to 0.079%, and 0.08% or higher, respectively. Conclusions. The percentage of fatalities involving cannabis and coinvolving cannabis and alcohol doubled from 2000 to 2018, and cannabis was associated with alcohol coinvolvement. Further research is warranted to understand cannabis- and alcohol-involved MVC fatalities. (Am J Public Health. Published online ahead of print October 28, 2021:e1–e10. https://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.2021.306466 )

Food Insecurity and Depression among Low-Income Adults in the United States: Does Diet Diversity Play a Role? Findings from the 2013-14 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-39
Author(s):  
Marie-Rachelle Narcisse Jean-Louis ◽  
Holly C. Felix ◽  
Christopher R. Long ◽  
Emily S. English ◽  
Mary M. Bailey ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Food Insecurity ◽  
National Health ◽  
Low Income ◽  
The United States ◽  
Moderating Effect ◽  
Nutrition Examination Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Diet Diversity ◽  
Health And Nutrition

ABSTRACT Objective Food insecurity is associated with a greater risk of depression among low-income adults in the United States. Members of food-insecure households have lower diet diversity than their food-secure counterparts. This study examined whether diet diversity moderates the association between food insecurity and depression. Design Multiple logistic regression was conducted to examine independent associations between food insecurity and depression, between diet diversity and depression, and the moderating effect of diet diversity in the food insecurity-depression link. Setting Cross-sectional data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2013-14). Participants 2,636 low-income adults aged 18 years and older. Results There was a positive association between food insecurity and depression among low-income adults. Diet diversity was not associated with depression. Diet diversity had a moderating effect on the association between food insecurity and depression among low-income adults Conclusion Food insecurity is independently associated with depression among low-income adults in the United States. However, this association differs across levels of diet diversity. Longitudinal studies are needed to confirm the role diet diversity may play in the pathway between food insecurity and depression.

scholarly journals Trends in Vitamin C Consumption in the United States: 1999–2018

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 420
Author(s):  
Mary Brauchla ◽  
Mark J. Dekker ◽  
Colin D. Rehm
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Vitamin C ◽  
Fruits And Vegetables ◽  
Fruit Juice ◽  
The United States ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
P Value ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Dietary Recall ◽  
Health And Nutrition

Low intakes of fruits and vegetables have resulted in suboptimal intakes of several micronutrients, including vitamin C. This cross-sectional study used data from 84,902 children/adults (≥1 y) who completed a 24-h dietary recall as part of the United States National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (1999–2018). Mean vitamin C intakes from foods/beverages were calculated as were trends in major food/beverage sources of vitamin C. Percentages below the Estimated Average Requirement (EAR) were estimated. Overall, mean vitamin C consumption declined by 23% (97–75 mg/d; p-value for trend < 0.001). 100% fruit juice was the leading source of vitamin C (25.6% of total or 21.7mg/d), but this declined by 48% (25–13 mg/d; p-value for trend < 0.001). Whole fruit increased among children/adolescents (+75.8%;10–17 mg/d; p-value for trend < 0.001), but not adults, while the vegetable contribution was generally unchanged. The proportion of the population below the EAR increased by 23.8% on a relative scale or 9 percentage points on an absolute scale (38.3–47.4%). Declines in vitamin C intake is driven largely by decreases in fruit juice coupled with modest increases in whole fruit. Due to associations between vitamin C intake and numerous health outcomes these trends warrant careful monitoring moving forward.

scholarly journals Prescription Antibiotic Use among the US population 1999-2018: National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Molly Petersen ◽  
Sara E Cosgrove ◽  
Thomas C Quinn ◽  
Eshan Patel ◽  
M Kate Grabowski ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
National Health ◽  
Prevalence Ratio ◽  
Antibiotic Use ◽  
The United States ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Health And Nutrition ◽  
Poverty Status

Abstract Background Antibiotic resistance has been identified as a public health threat both in the United States and globally. The United States published the “National Strategy for Combating Antibiotic Resistance” in 2014, which included goals to reduce inappropriate outpatient antibiotic use. Methods This cross-sectional study was conducted using National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys (NHANES) years 1999-2018. Weighted prevalence of past 30-day non-topical outpatient antibiotic use was calculated, as well as the change in prevalence from 1999-02 to 2015-18 and 2007-10 to 2015-18, both overall and for subgroups. Associations with past 30-day non-topical outpatient antibiotic use in 2015-18 were examined using predictive margins calculated by multivariable logistic regression. Results The overall prevalence of past 30-day non-topical outpatient antibiotic use adjusted for age, sex, race/ethnicity, poverty status, time of year of the interview, and insurance status from 1999-2002 to 2015-2018 changed significantly from 4.9% (95% CI 3.9%, 5.0%) to 3.0% (95% CI 2.6%, 3.0%), with the largest decrease among children 0-1 years. From 2007-2010 to 2015-2018, there was no significant change (adjusted Prevalence Ratio [adjPR] 1.0 [95% CI 0.8, 1,2. Age was significantly associated with antibiotic use, with children age 0-1 years having significantly higher antibiotic use than all other age categories &gt;6 years. Being non-Hispanic Black was negatively associated with antibiotic use as compared to being non-Hispanic White (adjPR 0.6 [95% CI 0.4, 0.8]). Conclusions While there were declines in antibiotic use from 1999-02 to 2015-18, there were no observed declines during the last decade.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document