scholarly journals Lump Solutions to the (3+1)-Dimensional Generalized B-Type Kadomtsev-Petviashvili Equation

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Xifang Cao
Keyword(s):  
Exact Solutions ◽  
Direct Method ◽  
Lump Solutions ◽  
Petviashvili Equation ◽  
A Direct Method

This paper is devoted to the study of lump solutions to the (3+1)-dimensional generalized B-type Kadomtsev-Petviashvili equation. First we use a direct method to construct a class of exact solutions which contain six arbitrary real constants. Then we use these solutions to generate lump solutions with four real parameters. We also determine the amplitude and velocity of these lumps.

scholarly journals New Conditions for Obtaining the Exact Solutions of the General Riccati Equation

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Lazhar Bougoffa
Keyword(s):  
Exact Solutions ◽  
Closed Form ◽  
Riccati Equation ◽  
Direct Method ◽  
Equivalent Equation ◽  
A Direct Method

We propose a direct method for solving the general Riccati equationy′=f(x)+g(x)y+h(x)y2. We first reduce it into an equivalent equation, and then we formulate the relations between the coefficients functionsf(x),g(x), andh(x)of the equation to obtain an equivalent separable equation from which the previous equation can be solved in closed form. Several examples are presented to demonstrate the efficiency of this method.

scholarly journals Lie symmetry and exact solution of (2+1)-dimensional generalized Kadomtsev-Petviashvili equation with variable coefficients

2013 ◽  
Vol 17 (5) ◽  
pp. 1490-1493
Author(s):  
Hong-Cai Ma ◽  
Zhen-Yun Qin ◽  
Ai-Ping Deng
Keyword(s):  
Exact Solution ◽  
Exact Solutions ◽  
Variable Coefficient ◽  
Direct Method ◽  
Symmetry Transformation ◽  
Solution Procedure ◽  
Variable Coefficients ◽  
Lie Symmetry ◽  
Petviashvili Equation ◽  
Non Linear Systems

The simple direct method is adopted to find Non-Auto-Backlund transformation for variable coefficient non-linear systems. The (2+1)-dimensional generalized Kadomtsev-Petviashvili equation with variable coefficients is used as an example to elucidate the solution procedure, and its symmetry transformation and exact solutions are obtained.

Stability analysis, soliton waves, rogue waves and interaction phenomena for the (3+1)-dimensional generalized Kadomtsev–Petviashvili equation

2018 ◽  
Vol 32 (28) ◽  
pp. 1850345 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ding Guo ◽  
Shou-Fu Tian
Keyword(s):  
Stability Analysis ◽  
Direct Method ◽  
Rogue Waves ◽  
Bell Polynomial ◽  
Wave Solutions ◽  
Bilinear Formalism ◽  
Petviashvili Equation ◽  
A Direct Method ◽  
Rouge Wave ◽  
Interaction Phenomena

In this paper, the (3[Formula: see text]+[Formula: see text]1)-dimensional generalized Kadomtsev–Petviashvili (gKP) equation is discussed, which can be used to describe certain characteristics of soliton in a nonlinear media with weak dispersion. By using the virtue of Bell polynomial, we construct the exact bilinear formalism and soliton wave of the equation, respectively. We also analyze its stability analysis. Moreover, based on the resulting bilinear formalism, we obtain its rouge wave solutions with a direct method. Finally, we also discuss the interaction phenomena between solitary wave solutions and rogue wave solutions. It is hoped that our results can be used to enrich the dynamics of the (3[Formula: see text]+[Formula: see text]1)-dimensional nonlinear wave fields.

scholarly journals Plastic waste to fuels by hydrocracking at mild conditions

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (17) ◽  
pp. eabf8283
Author(s):  
Sibao Liu ◽  
Pavel A. Kots ◽  
Brandon C. Vance ◽  
Andrew Danielson ◽  
Dionisios G. Vlachos
Keyword(s):  
Direct Method ◽  
Acid Sites ◽  
Liquid Fuels ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Tandem Catalysis ◽  
Hy Zeolite ◽  
Environmental Threat ◽  
Single Use ◽  
Initial Activation ◽  
A Direct Method

Single-use plastics impose an enormous environmental threat, but their recycling, especially of polyolefins, has been proven challenging. We report a direct method to selectively convert polyolefins to branched, liquid fuels including diesel, jet, and gasoline-range hydrocarbons, with high yield up to 85% over Pt/WO3/ZrO2 and HY zeolite in hydrogen at temperatures as low as 225°C. The process proceeds via tandem catalysis with initial activation of the polymer primarily over Pt, with subsequent cracking over the acid sites of WO3/ZrO2 and HY zeolite, isomerization over WO3/ZrO2 sites, and hydrogenation of olefin intermediates over Pt. The process can be tuned to convert different common plastic wastes, including low- and high-density polyethylene, polypropylene, polystyrene, everyday polyethylene bottles and bags, and composite plastics to desirable fuels and light lubricants.

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