scholarly journals Dynamic Changes in Plasma MicroRNAs Have Potential Predictive Values in Monitoring Recurrence and Metastasis of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xia Xu ◽  
Juan Lu ◽  
Fan Wang ◽  
Xiong Liu ◽  
Xiaohong Peng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma ◽  
Treatment Initiation ◽  
Quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Dynamic Changes ◽  
Predictive Values ◽  
Circulating Micrornas ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Plasma Mirnas

Although circulating microRNAs (miRNAs) have already proven to be useful as diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC), the potential of these molecules to monitor patients over time has been less explored. This study aimed to analyze dynamic changes in plasma miRNAs before and after treatment and explore their clinical significance in monitoring recurrence and metastasis of NPC. Candidate miRNAs were screened by microarray analysis and validated by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR). In the follow-up cohort including 102 patients, blood samples (plasma) were collected before the treatment initiation, 3 months, 6 months, and 12 months after treatments, and at the time of any recurrence or metastasis. Among these plasma miRNAs, miR-9-3p, miR-124-3p, miR-892b, and miR-3676-3p were significantly upregulated (P = 0.018, P = 0.039, P = 0.001, and P = 0.01, resp.) after treatment compared with pretreatment, and the four plasma miRNAs were downregulated again at recurrence or metastasis (P < 0.001, P = 0.015, P = 0.003, and P = 0.026, resp.). The dynamic changes in plasma miRNAs after treatment reflect the outcome of the disease and have the potential to monitor recurrence and metastasis in patients with NPC.

Abstract 330: Serum Mir-129 and Mir-21 Predict 100-day Mortality in Acute Heart Failure Patients

2015 ◽  
Vol 117 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lichan Tao ◽  
Yihua Bei ◽  
Shutong Shen ◽  
Jin Li ◽  
Rongrong Gao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Failure ◽  
Acute Heart Failure ◽  
Common Disease ◽  
Predictive Values ◽  
Circulating Micrornas ◽  
Chain Reactions ◽  
Polymerase Chain Reactions ◽  
Novel Biomarkers ◽  
Polymerase Chain

Background: Heart failure is a common disease worldwide and it could be divided as chronic heart failure (CHF) and acute heart failure (AHF). Circulating microRNAs (miRNAs, miRs) have been reported to be novel biomarkers of diagnostic, prognostic and predictive values in cardiovascular diseases. However, little is know about using circulating miRNAs as biomarkers for mortality in AHF patients. Methods and results: A total of 151 AHF patients were enrolled in this study. Ten miRNAs involved in the regulation of AHF including miR-129, miR-675, miR-622, miR-146a, miR-155, miR-21, miR-18b, miR-92b, miR-126 and miR-22 were determined by reverse transcription polymerase chain reactions using total RNA isolated from serum of those 151 patients with AHF enrolled in our center. After a follow-up period of 100 days, 16 patients died and based on that, we found that expression levels of serum miR-129 (p=0.032) and miR-21-5p (p=0.001) were significantly lower in those patients died within 100 days. The kaplan cumulative survival analysis confirmed that patients with higher levels of miR-129 (p=0.036) and miR-21 (p=0.001) had significantly higher survival rate. Conclusion: Serum low levels of miR-129 and miR-21 predict 100-day mortality in AHF patients.

scholarly journals Study of the preanalytical variables affecting the measurement of clinically relevant free-circulating microRNAs: focus on sample matrix, platelet depletion, and storage conditions

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 83-95 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martina Faraldi ◽  
Veronica Sansoni ◽  
Giovanni Lombardi ◽  
Giuseppe Banfi ◽  
Ewa Ziemann ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Room Temperature ◽  
Quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Venous Blood ◽  
Storage Conditions ◽  
Circulating Micrornas ◽  
Sample Matrix ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
And Storage ◽  
Plasma Mirnas ◽  
Platelet Depletion

Introduction: Circulating microRNAs (miRNAs) are emerging as potential biomarkers. However, the lack of preanalytical and analytical standardization limits their use. The aim of this study was to determine the expression of different miRNAs in plasma according to different collection and storage conditions. Materials and methods: Venous blood from 10 volunteers was collected in tubes spray-coated with dipotassium salt of ethylendiaminetetraacetic acid, either with (plasma-preparation tube, PPT) or without (K2EDTA) gel separator. Platelet-poor plasma (PPP) was also obtained from K2EDTA plasma. After storage under different conditions, miRNA-enriched total RNA was isolated from plasma and reverse transcribed. A panel of 179 miRNAs was assayed by quantitative polymerase chain reaction and the results were analysed by GenEx software. Detectability and stability of miRNAs were determined. Results: The number of undetected miRNAs was: 18, 24, and 22 in PPT; 83, 43, and 20 in K2EDTA; and 76, 106, and 104 in PPP samples, for plasma immediately frozen at - 80°C and plasma stored for 24h at room temperature or 4°C, respectively. Circulating miRNA expression in PPT samples was not affected by storage delay or temperature, while the percentage of up- and down-regulated miRNA in K2EDTA and PPP samples ranged from 2%, and 1% to 7%, and 5%, respectively. Conclusions: Sample matrix, temperature and delay in storage strongly influence the expression level of plasma miRNAs. Our results indicate PPT tubes as the most suitable matrix to improve total miRNA detectability and stability, independently of temperature.

Pim-1 is up-regulated by constitutively activated FLT3 and plays a role in FLT3-mediated cell survival

Blood ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 105 (4) ◽  
pp. 1759-1767 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kyu-Tae Kim ◽  
Kristin Baird ◽  
Joon-Young Ahn ◽  
Paul Meltzer ◽  
Michael Lilly ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tyrosine Kinase ◽  
Quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Colony Growth ◽  
Dominant Negative ◽  
Internal Tandem Duplication ◽  
Downstream Target ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Flt3 Expression ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Expression Microarrays

AbstractConstitutively activating internal tandem duplication (ITD) mutations of the receptor tyrosine kinase FLT3 (Fms-like tyrosine kinase 3) play an important role in leukemogenesis, and their presence is associated with poor prognosis in acute myeloid leukemia (AML). To better understand FLT3 signaling in leukemogenesis, we have examined the changes in gene expression induced by FLT3/ITD or constitutively activated wild-type FLT3 expression. Microarrays were used with RNA harvested before and after inhibition of FLT3 signaling. Pim-1 was found to be one of the most significantly down-regulated genes upon FLT3 inhibition. Pim-1 is a proto-oncogene and is known to be up-regulated by signal transducer and activator of transcription 5 (STAT5), which itself is a downstream target of FLT3 signaling. Quantitative polymerase chain reaction (QPCR) confirmed the microarray results and demonstrated approximately 10-fold decreases in Pim-1 expression in response to FLT3 inhibition. Pim-1 protein also decreased rapidly in parallel with decreasing autophosphorylation activity of FLT3. Enforced expression of either the 44-kDa or 33-kDa Pim-1 isotypes resulted in increased resistance to FLT3 inhibition-mediated cytotoxicity and apoptosis. In contrast, expression of a dominant-negative Pim-1 construct accelerated cytotoxicity in response to FLT3 inhibition and inhibited colony growth of FLT3/ITD-transformed BaF3 cells. These findings demonstrate that constitutively activated FLT3 signaling up-regulates Pim-1 expression in leukemia cells. This up-regulation contributes to the proliferative and antiapoptotic pathways induced by FLT3 signaling. (Blood. 2005;105: 1759-1767)

scholarly journals Identification of Phytoplasmas Representing Multiple New Genetic Lineages from Phloem-Feeding Leafhoppers Highlights the Diversity of Phytoplasmas and Their Potential Vectors

Pathogens ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 352
Author(s):  
Wei Wei ◽  
Valeria Trivellone ◽  
Christopher H. Dietrich ◽  
Yan Zhao ◽  
Kristi D. Bottner-Parker ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Host Range ◽  
Quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Rflp Analysis ◽  
Natural Habitats ◽  
Genetic Lineages ◽  
Genetic Subgroup ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Phloem Feeding ◽  
Fresh Insight

Phytoplasmas are obligate transkingdom bacterial parasites that infect a variety of plant species and replicate in phloem-feeding insects in the order Hemiptera, mainly leafhoppers (Cicadellidae). The insect capacity in acquisition, transmission, survival, and host range directly determines the epidemiology of phytoplasmas. However, due to the difficulty of insect sampling and the lack of follow-up transmission trials, the confirmed phytoplasma insect hosts are still limited compared with the identified plant hosts. Recently, quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR)-based quick screening of 227 leafhoppers collected in natural habitats unveiled the presence of previously unknown phytoplasmas in six samples. In the present study, 76 leafhoppers, including the six prescreened positive samples, were further examined to identify and characterize the phytoplasma strains by semi-nested PCR. A total of ten phytoplasma strains were identified in leafhoppers from four countries including South Africa, Kyrgyzstan, Australia, and China. Based on virtual restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) analysis, these ten phytoplasma strains were classified into four distinct ribosomal (16Sr) groups (16SrI, 16SrIII, 16SrXIV, and 16SrXV), representing five new subgroups (16SrI-AO, 16SrXIV-D, 16SrXIV-E, 16SrXIV-F, and 16SrXV-C). The results strongly suggest that the newly identified phytoplasma strains not only represent new genetic subgroup lineages, but also extend previously undiscovered geographical distributions. In addition, ten phytoplasma-harboring leafhoppers belonged to seven known leafhopper species, none of which were previously reported insect vectors of phytoplasmas. The findings from this study provide fresh insight into genetic diversity, geographical distribution, and insect host range of phytoplasmas. Further transmission trials and screening of new potential host plants and weed reservoirs in areas adjacent to collection sites of phytoplasma harboring leafhoppers will contribute to a better understanding of phytoplasma transmission and epidemiology.

Diagnosis and follow-up of Bartonella henselae infection in the spleen of an immunocompetent patient by real-time quantitative PCR

2013 ◽  
Vol 62 (7) ◽  
pp. 1081-1085 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Carla Liberto ◽  
Giovanni Matera ◽  
Angelo G. Lamberti ◽  
Angela Quirino ◽  
Giorgio S. Barreca ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Bartonella Henselae ◽  
Quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Immunocompetent Patient ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Real Time Quantitative Pcr ◽  
Novel Method ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Immunocompetent Adults

Systemic Bartonella henselae infections are unusual in immunocompetent adults. However, here we report one such case of bartonellosis in a 34-year-old patient, who presented with fever and multinodular splenomegaly. We also describe a novel method of identifying Bartonella henselae by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction and sequencing of amplified products. This could prevent splenic bartonellosis being mistaken for lymphoma and thereby avert unnecessary splenectomy.

scholarly journals Quantitative polymerase chain reaction in paucibacillary leprosy diagnosis: A follow-up study

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. e0007147 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raquel R. Barbieri ◽  
Fernanda S. N. Manta ◽  
Suelen J. M. Moreira ◽  
Anna M. Sales ◽  
José A. C. Nery ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Follow Up Study ◽  
Polymerase Chain

scholarly journals Dynamic Changes in the Subgingival Microbiome and Their Potential for Diagnosis and Prognosis of Periodontitis

mBio ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Baochen Shi ◽  
Michaela Chang ◽  
John Martin ◽  
Makedonka Mitreva ◽  
Renate Lux ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Disease Progression ◽  
Clinical Examination ◽  
Disease Diagnosis ◽  
Taxonomic Composition ◽  
Oral Disease ◽  
Dynamic Changes ◽  
Diagnosis And Prognosis ◽  
Microbiome Profile ◽  
Before And After

ABSTRACTThe human microbiome influences and reflects the health or disease state of the host. Periodontitis, a disease affecting about half of American adults, is associated with alterations in the subgingival microbiome of individual tooth sites. Although it can be treated, the disease can reoccur and may progress without symptoms. Without prognostic markers, follow-up examinations are required to assess reoccurrence and disease progression and to determine the need for additional treatments. To better identify and predict the disease progression, we aim to determine whether the subgingival microbiome can serve as a diagnosis and prognosis indicator. Using metagenomic shotgun sequencing, we characterized the dynamic changes in the subgingival microbiome in periodontitis patients before and after treatment at the same tooth sites. At the taxonomic composition level, the periodontitis-associated microorganisms were significantly shifted from highly correlated in the diseased state to poorly correlated after treatment, suggesting that coordinated interactions among the pathogenic microorganisms are essential to disease pathogenesis. At the functional level, we identified disease-associated pathways that were significantly altered in relative abundance in the two states. Furthermore, using the subgingival microbiome profile, we were able to classify the samples to their clinical states with an accuracy of 81.1%. Follow-up clinical examination of the sampled sites supported the predictive power of the microbiome profile on disease progression. Our study revealed the dynamic changes in the subgingival microbiome contributing to periodontitis and suggested potential clinical applications of monitoring the subgingival microbiome as an indicator in disease diagnosis and prognosis.IMPORTANCEPeriodontitis is a common oral disease. Although it can be treated, the disease may reoccur without obvious symptoms. Current clinical examination parameters are useful in disease diagnosis but cannot adequately predict the outcome of individual tooth sites after treatment. A link between the subgingival microbiota and periodontitis was identified previously; however, it remains to be investigated whether the microbiome can serve as a diagnostic and prognostic indicator. In this study, for the first time, we characterized the subgingival microbiome of individual tooth sites before and after treatment using a large-scale metagenomic analysis. Our longitudinal study revealed changes in the microbiota in taxonomic composition, cooccurrence of subgingival microorganisms, and functional composition. Using the microbiome profiles, we were able to classify the clinical states of subgingival plaque samples with a high accuracy. Follow-up clinical examination of sampled sites indicates that the subgingival microbiome profile shows promise for the development of diagnostic and prognostic tools.

scholarly journals Circulating Plasma Epstein–Barr virus DNA Load During the Follow-up Periods Predicts Recurrence and Metastasis in Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sha-sha He ◽  
Yun-ying Yang ◽  
Yan Wang ◽  
Yu-feng Ren ◽  
Cheng-tao Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma ◽  
Epstein Barr Virus ◽  
Dynamic Changes ◽  
Barr Virus ◽  
Kaplan Meier ◽  
Ebv Dna ◽  
Epstein Barr ◽  
Landmark Analyses ◽  
Predictive Indicator

Abstract PURPOSE Epstein Barr virus DNA (EBV DNA) load has been identified as a prognostic factor in nasopharyngeal carcinoma, while the dynamic changes in the long period have not been explored. In this study, we evaluated EBV DNA kinetics and its role in the survival. METHODS We conducted a retrospective review of 900 NPC patients. Plasma EBV DNA levels were measured at various time points after treatment. The correlations of EBV kinetics with recurrence and metastasis were analyzed. After stratifying patients according to the EBV results, survival was compared using Kaplan–Meier estimates. 12 and 24-month landmark analyses for OS data were performed according to the EBV groups. RESULTS Patients with post-EBV < 2,500 copies/mL achieved better survival than the higher ones. Furthermore, patients with continuously elevated EBV DNA had significantly poorer OS (HR: 2.542, 95%CI: 2.077–3.111, P < 0.001), DMFS (HR: 2.970, 95%CI: 2.392–3.687, P < 0.001), LRFS (HR: 1.699, 95%CI: 1.072–2.692, P = 0.013), and PFS (HR:2.535, 95%CI: 1.987–3.233, P < 0.001) than patients with continuously normal EBV or those with elevated levels at any time-point. The 5-year OS with elevated EBV was lower than the remission group by the 12 and 24-month landmark analysis. CONCLUSIONS Elevated EBV DNA after treatment was a better predictive indicator of survival than the baseline concentrations. Furthermore, continuously elevated EBV DNA after treatment indicated recurrence, metastasis and unfavorable prognosis for NPC. In addition, EBV DNA was predictable no matter how long the follow-up time.

scholarly journals Honey Bee(Apis mellifera)Exposomes and Biological Pathways Associated withNosema ceranaeInfection

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert L. Broadrup ◽  
Christopher Mayack ◽  
Sassicaia J. Schick ◽  
Elizabeth J. Eppley ◽  
Helen K. White ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Apis Mellifera ◽  
Biological Effects ◽  
Quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Biological Pathways ◽  
Nosema Ceranae ◽  
Flight Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Bee Health ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
And Control

AbstractA pilot study was conducted to determine if exposome profiles of honey bees(Apis mellifera)are associated withNosema ceranaeinfection and whether xenobiotic exposures effect changes in known biological pathways of bees. Thirty stationary hives were selected from seven apiaries representing urban and suburban geographies. Foraging bees were harvested during the summer of 2015 and analyzed forNosema ceranaeinfection via semi-quantitative polymerase chain reaction (sq-PCR) and discovery-based exposome analysis via gas chromatography-time of flight mass spectrometry (GC-TOF). The resulting datasets were divided into case and control groups based on the prevalence ofN. ceranaeinfection. Xenobiotic burden was determined to be associated withN. ceranaeinfection, and co-variate analysis determined differentially expressed biological chemicals and naturally occurring chemicals in the bee exposomes. Biological pathways analyses putatively identified 10 dysregulated pathways as well as the presence of the P450 oxidative metabolism of naphthalene for detoxification. Based on these results, it is evident that the integration of genetic disease screening with discovery-based exposomics provides a promising multi-omic platform to identify adverse biological effects to bees occurring from exposures to chemicals and parasites. In addition, this approach will generate new hypotheses for targeted follow-up studies to examine bee health.

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