scholarly journals Scabies Outbreak Investigation and Risk Factors in East Badewacho District, Southern Ethiopia: Unmatched Case Control Study

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jarso Sara ◽  
Yusuf Haji ◽  
Achamyelesh Gebretsadik
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Family Size ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Sarcoptes Scabiei ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Outbreak Investigation ◽  
Public Health Issue ◽  
Southern Ethiopia ◽  
Face To Face

Introduction. Scabies is one of the common public health problem but neglected parasitic diseases caused bySarcoptes scabieivar.hominis.Global scabies prevalence in both sexes was 204 million. In Ethiopia, scabies is also a common public health issue but there is lack of studies regarding outbreak investigation and risk factors in the study area. This study was aimed to investigate the scabies suspected outbreak and risk factors in East Badewacho District, Southern Ethiopia, 2016.Methods. A community-based unmatched case control (1 : 2 ratios) study was conducted in East Badewacho District, using collected scabies line listed data and face-to-face interview to assess risk factors during October 23–30, 2016. The data were collected using structured questionnaire, and then the data were coded, entered, cleaned, and analyzed using SPSS statistical software, whereas, line listed data was entered into Microsoft excel for descriptive analyses. Odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) were computed to determine associated factors.Results. A total of 4,532 scabies cases line listed with overall attack rate of 110/1,000 population. The mean age was 12 years, and most affected age group was 5–14 years. Independent risk factors found to be statistically associated with scabies infestation were age less than 15 years (AOR = 2.62, 95% CI: 1.31–5.22), family size greater than 5 members (AOR = 2.63, 95% CI: 1.10–6.27), bed sharing with scabies cases (AOR = 12.47, 95% CI: 3.05–50.94), and home being affected by flooding (AOR = 22.32, 95% CI: 8.46–58.90).Conclusion. Outbreak of scabies occurred in East Badewacho District. Age less than 15 years, family size greater than five members, sleeping with others, and home being affected by flooding are the risk factors. Providing risk factors related health education on prevention and controls especially, at community level and schools, is recommended.

scholarly journals Burden and associated factors of Scabies outbreak in Guna-begemidir district, south Gondar, Amhara, Ethiopia, 2018

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Temesgen Anteye Adamu ◽  
Adino Tesfahun Tsegaye
Keyword(s):  
Attack Rate ◽  
Associated Factors ◽  
Multivariable Analysis ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Sarcoptes Scabiei ◽  
Southern Ethiopia ◽  
P Value ◽  
Drug Shortage ◽  
Face To Face

Abstract Background Scabies is an infestation of the skin by the human itch mite ( Sarcoptes scabiei var. hominis ). The parasite is found worldwide and affects people of all races and social classes. Studies shows that the prevalence of scabies is far different as 0.2% in developed countries up to 24% in developing countries. Ethiopia also reports scabies outbreak frequently since 2017. Recent studies show that the attack rate was 25% in Gondar city in Yekolo-temaries and 11% at Badewacho District, Southern Ethiopia. Methods A community based unmatched case-control (1:2 ratios) study was conducted in guna-begemidir district, using collected scabies line listed data and face to face interview to assess risk factors from January to February 2018 with sample size of 156 cases and 312 control. The data were collected using structured questionnaire, and analyzed using SPSS version 22 statistical software. Odds Ratios (OR), P value and 95% Confidence interval (CI) was computed to determine associated factors. Result A total of 4269 scabies case were reported from the district, attack rate of 7.9%. Of those cases 2254 (52.8%) were males. 10 (52.6%) kebeles were affected by the outbreak. The attack rate varies by kebeles which ranges from 0.88% to 25.5%. The highest attack rate was in mena-medihanealem kebele which is 25.5%. Sleeping with Scabies Patients, washing with scabies patients in the past 6 months, putting of cloths with diseased patient cloths and Household daily water consumption were significantly associated with scabies diseases on multivariable analysis. Conclusion and recommendation Scabies is public health problem in the district. Due to delayed detection and response, the disease was highly disseminated mainly because of drug shortage throughout the region. We recommend enhancing, strong ongoing active case surveillance of scabies; health education & availing drugs to all health facilities and do more on the above significant variables.

scholarly journals Risk Factors of Suicide and Para Suicide in Rural Bangladesh

2014 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 123-129 ◽  
Author(s):  
AM Selim Reza ◽  
A H M Feroz ◽  
SM Nurul Islam ◽  
Md. Nazmul Karim ◽  
Md. Golam Rabbani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Suicidal Attempt ◽  
The Family ◽  
Suicidal Attempts ◽  
History Of ◽  
Control Study

Background: Suicide is a public health problem too often neglected by researchers, health policy makers and the medical profession. In the year 2000, approximately one million people died of suicide which represents a global mortality rate of 16 per 100,000. According to WHO estimates for the year 2020 and based on current trends approximately 1.53 million people will die from suicide and 10-20 times more people will attempt suicide worldwide. This represents on average 1 death per 20 seconds and 1 attempt every 1-2 seconds. No nationwide survey on suicidal risk factors has yet been conducted in Bangladesh. Reports from police records, Media, court, hospitals and the focused study on selected population indicate that suicide is a public health problem in Bangladesh. The aim of this study was to unearth the potential risk factors of suicide or suicidal attempts and to assess psychiatric illness, non psychiatric co-morbidity, individual’s behavioral and physical factor, familial risk factors and socio-demographic risk factors of suicide and its attempts. Study Design and Setting: A case control study was carried out by members of the Department of Medicine, Shaheed Suhrawardi Medical College and Hospital at Mominpur,Haowlee and Jibonnagar unions under three Upazilla of district Chuadanga,. Statistical analyses were performed using SPSS 16. Results: A total 230 subjects (113 cases and 117 controls) were interviewed. Mean age among cases was 29.6±12.8 years and controls were 29.7±12.9 years.Majority of the participants, 65.5% of cases and 63.2% of controls were aged between 20-39 years. Among cases 38.9% were male and among the controls 42.7% were male.Among cases 30.1% and among controls 27.4% had less than 4 family members. More than half of the participants, among cases (58.4%) and among controls (55.6%) had between 4- 6 members in the family. Economic status was also similar in two groups.Problem of love affair (OR 5.2), Personal problem (OR 11.9), Feeling of economic hardship (OR 2.4) appeared to have statistically significant association with suicidal attempt. Problem with relatives (OR 3.8), death of near relative (OR 0.9) and poor academic performance (OR 1.6) didn’t appear to have any association with risk of suicidal attempt. History of chronic disease (OR 2.9) showed statistically significant association but long term physical disability (OR 4.4) and physical problems didn’t appear to have any significant association with suicidal attempt. History of suicidal attempt by any relative (OR 4.2) and previous attempt to suicide (OR 7.4) appeared as highly significant factor for suicide. Not being reared by biological parents (OR 3.2), marital disharmony (OR 4.0), Conflict within the family (OR 6.9) appeared to be strongly associated with suicidal attempts. Suicidal attempts of participants were significantly associated with sleeping disturbance (OR 2.3), uncertainty about future (7.2), impulsivity (OR 13.8), and history of criminal behavior (OR 2.1). Conclusion: Case control study on the risk factors of suicide in rural area of South-West Bangladesh revealed that the married female especially the younger age from unitary family of low income group are more vulnerable to commit suicide or parasuicide. Several emotional factors, presence of chronic diseases, familial suicidal predisposition, individual factor and mental state, premorbid persionality and psychiatric syndrome appeared to have significant association with suicidal attempts. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jom.v14i2.19653 J Medicine 2013, 14(2): 123-129

Substance Abuse and Drug-Related Death, Suicidal Ideation, and Suicide: A Review

Crisis ◽  
1999 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 28-35 ◽  
Author(s):  
Annie Mino ◽  
Arnaud Bousquet ◽  
Barbara Broers
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Substance Abuse ◽  
Suicidal Ideation ◽  
Family Support ◽  
Drug Users ◽  
Suicide Attempts ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Major Public Health Problem ◽  
Hiv Epidemic

The high mortality rate among drug users, which is partly due to the HIV epidemic and partly due to drug-related accidental deaths and suicides, presents a major public health problem. Knowing more about prevalence, incidence, and risk factors is important for the development of rational preventive and therapeutic programs. This article attempts to give an overview of studies of the relations between substance abuse, suicidal ideation, suicide, and drug-related death. Research in this field is hampered by the absence of clear definitions, and results of studies are rarely comparable. There is, however, consensus about suicidal ideation being a risk factor for suicide attempts and suicide. Suicidal ideation is also a predictor of suicide, especially among drug users. It is correlated with an absence of family support, with the severity of the psychosocial dysfunctioning, and with multi-drug abuse, but also with requests for treatment. Every clinical examination of a drug user, not only of those who are depressed, should address the possible presence of suicidal ideation, as well as its intensity and duration.

Socio-demographic and Clinical Characteristics of Patient with Thyroid Cancer

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 54-58
Author(s):  
AKM Farhad Hossain ◽  
Md Mahmudur Rahman Siddiqui ◽  
Sayada Fatema Khatun
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Thyroid Cancer ◽  
Clinical Characteristics ◽  
Family Income ◽  
Ethical Issues ◽  
Endocrine System ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Follicular Carcinoma ◽  
Public Health Issue ◽  
Cross Sectional

Background: Thyroid cancer is the most common malignant disease in endocrine system. It is an emerging public health issue associated with burden on the family, community and the nation. The aim of this study is to determine the socio-demographic and clinical characteristics of patient with thyroid cancer attending in tertiary hospital. Methods: This cross sectional study was conducted among 246 thyroid cancer patients in two tertiary hospitals of Dhaka city from 01 July 2018 to 30 June 2019. The subjects were selected purposively following specific selection criteria and maintaining ethical issues. Data were collected by face to face interview using a semi-structured questionnaire and checklist. Data were analyzed by the statistical package for the social science (SPSS) version 23. Results: This study revealed that majority (74.4%) of respondents was female, married (72%), housewife (61.4%), rural respondent (41.1%) and had primary education (69%). Mean (± SD) age of the respondent was 37.85(±12.20) years (Range 14-70 years) and mean (± SD) monthly family income was Tk. 17681(±10602). Out of 246 cases, 204 (82.9%) was papillary and 42 (17.1%) was follicular carcinoma. Various clinical presentations included visible neck swelling in 225 (91.5%), swollen lymph node in 103 (41.9%), pain 90 (36.6%), Difficulties in swallowing 87 (35.4%), Hoarseness of voice in 141 (57.3%), cough along with swelling 47(19.1%), Difficulties in breathing due to swelling in 13(5.3%) of the patients. Conclusion: Incidence of thyroid cancer has increased worldwide specially in female patients in 3rd and 4th decades of life. As thyroid cancer is a growing public health problem in Bangladesh, proper screening and early diagnostic facilities at all level should be available to measure its actual burden in the country. Anwer Khan Modern Medical College Journal Vol. 11, No. 1: Jan 2020, P 54-58

scholarly journals Medication Error in Anaesthesia – A Review

2016 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-35
Author(s):  
Montosh Kumar Mondal ◽  
Beauty Rani Roy ◽  
Shibani Banik ◽  
Debabrata Banik
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Medication Error ◽  
Medication Errors ◽  
Health Problem ◽  
Preventive Measures ◽  
Medical Profession ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Global Public Health ◽  
Global Public Health Problem

Medication error is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in medical profession . There is an increasing recognition that medication errors are causing a substantial global public health problem, as many result in harm to patients and increased costs to health providers.Anaesthesia is now safe and routine, yet anaesthetists are not immune from making medication errors and the consequences of their mistakes may be more serious than those of doctors in other specialties. Steps are being taken to determine the extent of the problem of medication error in anaesthesia. In this review, incidence, types, risk factors and preventive measures of the medication errors are discussed in detail.Journal of Bangladesh Society of Anaesthesiologists 2014; 27(1): 31-35

scholarly journals Causes and Management of Neck Pain in Primary Care, Review Article

2021 ◽  
pp. 144-152
Author(s):  
Faisal Suliman Algaows ◽  
Nader Marzouq AlOtaibi ◽  
Salma Mousa Hakami ◽  
Omar Abdrabalrasoul Alkhabaz ◽  
Bandar Owaidh ALJohani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Neck Pain ◽  
Spinous Process ◽  
Review Article ◽  
Public Health Issue ◽  
Upper Limbs ◽  
The World ◽  
High Level ◽  
Pain Patients

Neck pain is a prevalent ailment that affects many people around the world. Neck pain is linked to a high level of disability and is usually regarded as a serious public health issue. Pain between the superior nuchal line and the spinous process of the first thoracic vertebra is referred to as neck pain. The pain in the neck might refer to the head, trunk, and upper limbs in some cases. This article seeks to offer a summary of the existing evidence on the prevalence, costs, diagnosis, prognosis, risk factors, prevention, and management of neck pain patients.

scholarly journals Infectious Diarrhea, a Public Health Problem in Population

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 01-04
Author(s):  
Deac Monica
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Health Problem ◽  
Acute Diarrhea ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Gastrointestinal Diseases ◽  
Public Health Issue ◽  
Diarrheal Diseases ◽  
Salmonella Spp ◽  
Diarrheal Illness

Infec­tious etiology in acute diarrhea, referred several gastrointestinal diseases, Most are gastroenteri­tis associated with clinical signs and symptoms including: nausea, vomiting, abdomi­nal pain and cramps, bloating, flatulence, fever, passage of bloody stools, tenesmus, and fecal ur­gency disorders. Diarrheal illness is a large worldwide public health problem, with substantial regional variation, in the prevalence of medical signs by being caused by specific pathogens. Infectious diarrheal diseases, are the second leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide and can cause real public health concerns. Such diarrhea was studied as a medical disorder, in a 3 years period, 2017 to 2020, in Transylvania a large region in Romania. It was found there, 3577 number of diarrheal diseases cases, appeared almost during July to August. The case incidence for the disease arrived at 65%, in the entire summer season. The cases data were transmitted by 12 district Sanitary Polices, to the Public Health Center Cluj. Cases were almost diagnosed by the family doctors of the region, in more then 50%. Few of this have need some days of hospitalization, because of several disease disorders, in which case it was used a specific adequate fluid and electrolyte replacement as key of the treatment, for managing diarrheal illnesses. Even so, 3 children under 5 years age died, because of severe complications. It was remarked so, organic failed who was estimate to be the cause of their deaths. Clinical and epidemiological evaluations were done and even defined the severity and type of this mentioned illnesses. The detected infectious etiology for the acute diarrheas, where determined in authorized Microbiology laboratories, where were identified: Shigella spp, Salmonella spp, Campylobacter spp, Yersinia spp, Rotavirus, Giardia. Most number of cases appeared in children, being suggestive in 63%, followed by elderly or adult people in 17% each. Acute diarrheal illness had to be considered a major public health issue, against which some determined control efforts are needed. Public health surveillance of infectious acute diarrhea, includes obligatory done strategies for a correct infection control.

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