scholarly journals A Comparison of Ki67, Syndecan-1 (CD138), and Molecular RANK, RANKL, and OPG Triad Expression in Odontogenic Keratocyts, Unicystic Ameloblastoma, and Dentigerous Cysts

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luisana Brito-Mendoza ◽  
Ronell Bologna-Molina ◽  
María Esther Irigoyen-Camacho ◽  
Guillermo Martinez ◽  
Celeste Sánchez-Romero ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Proliferation Rate ◽  
Proliferation Index ◽  
Cystic Lesions ◽  
Rankl Expression ◽  
Therapeutic Approaches ◽  
Ki 67 ◽  
Unicystic Ameloblastoma ◽  
Dentigerous Cysts ◽  
Lower Expression ◽  
Destructive Potential

Background and Objective. Reduced expression of syndecan-1 (CD138), increased proliferation index, and modifications in the expression of the molecular RANK/RANKL/OPG triad are related to an intensified potential of aggressiveness and invasion of diverse tumors and cysts. The aim was to compare the expression of Ki-67, CD138, and the molecular triad RANK, RANKL, and OPG in odontogenic keratocysts (OKC), unicystic ameloblastomas (UA), and dentigerous cysts (DC). Methods. Immunohistochemistry for Ki-67, CD138, RANK, RANKL, and OPG was performed in 58 odontogenic cystic lesions (22 OKC, 17 DC, and 19 UA). Results. A higher expression of Ki-67 was identified in OKC as compared to UA (p<0.0001). UA exhibited a greater loss of CD138 expression versus OKCs (p>0.0034). RANKL was expressed higher in the epithelium (p=0.0002) and in the stroma (p=0.0004) of UA. DC had a lower expression of these markers. Conclusion. Higher RANKL expression together with the reduction on CD138 expression in UA could be linked to a greater invasive and destructive potential, while the increased proliferation rate observed in OKC could be related to its continuous intrabony growth. The expansion of DC does not seem to be related to such factors, justifying the different therapeutic approaches proposed for each of these entities.

Demethylation Status of Somatic DNA Extracted From Pituitary Neuroendocrine Tumors Indicates Proliferative Behavior

2020 ◽  
Vol 105 (6) ◽  
pp. 2015-2026
Author(s):  
Borbála Szabó ◽  
Kinga Németh ◽  
Katalin Mészáros ◽  
Nikolette Szücs ◽  
Sándor Czirják ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Lines ◽  
Neuroendocrine Tumors ◽  
Dna Methyltransferase ◽  
Ring Finger ◽  
Proliferation Rate ◽  
Proliferation Index ◽  
Dna Methyltransferase 1 ◽  
Ki 67 ◽  
Liquid Chromatography Tandem Mass ◽  
Polymerase Chain

Abstract Background Cytosine intermediaries 5-methylcytosine (5mC) and 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5hmC), epigenetic hallmarks, have never been investigated in pituitary neuroendocrine tumors (PitNET). Objective To examine methylation-demethylation status of global deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) in PitNET tissues and to assess its correlation with clinical and biological parameters. Materials and Methods Altogether, 57 PitNET and 25 corresponding plasma samples were collected. 5mC and 5hmC were investigated using liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry. Expression of DNA methyltransferase 1 (DNMT1); tet methylcytosine dioxygenase 1 through 3 (TET1-3); and ubiquitin-like, containing PHD and RING finger domains 1 and 2 (UHRF1-2) were measured by reverse transcription–polymerase chain reaction. Levels of 5hmC and UHRF1-2 were explored by immunohistochemistry. Effect of demethylating agent decitabine was tested on pituitary cell lines. Results 5hmC/5mC ratio was higher in less differentiated PitNET samples. A negative correlation between Ki-67 proliferation index and 5hmC, 5hmC to 5mC ratio were revealed. Higher 5mC was observed in SF-1 + gonadotroph adenomas with a higher Ki-67 index. Expressions of TET2 and TET3 were significantly higher in adenomas with higher proliferation rate. UHRF1 showed gradually increased expression in higher proliferative adenoma samples, and a significant positive correlation was detected between UHRF2 expression and 5hmC level. Decitabine treatment significantly decreased 5mC and increased 5hmC levels in both cell lines, accompanied with decreased cell viability and proliferation. Conclusion The demethylation process negatively correlated with proliferation rate and the ratio of 5hmC to 5mC was higher in less differentiated adenomas. Therefore, epigenetic markers can be potential biomarkers for PitNET behavior. Altering the epigenome in adenoma cells by decitabine decreased proliferation, suggesting that this treatment might be a novel medical treatment for PitNET.

scholarly journals Immunoexpression of Ki-67, MCM2, and MCM3 in Ameloblastoma and Ameloblastic Carcinoma and Their Correlations with Clinical and Histopathological Patterns

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ramón Gil Carreón-Burciaga ◽  
Rogelio González-González ◽  
Nelly Molina-Frechero ◽  
Ronell Bologna-Molina
Keyword(s):  
Cell Proliferation ◽  
Cellular Proliferation ◽  
Nuclear Proteins ◽  
Proliferation Index ◽  
Ameloblastic Carcinoma ◽  
Minichromosome Maintenance ◽  
Ki 67 ◽  
Unicystic Ameloblastoma ◽  
Proliferation Assays ◽  
Cell Proliferation Marker

Cell proliferation assays are performed using antibodies against nuclear proteins associated with DNA replication. These nuclear proteins have gained special interest to predict the biological and clinical behaviors of various tumors. The aim of this study was to analyze the presence of Ki-67 protein and the minichromosome maintenance-2 (MCM2) and maintenance-3 (MCM3) proteins in ameloblastoma.Materials and Methods. Cell proliferation marker expression levels were assessed via immunohistochemistry in 111 ameloblastoma cases (72 unicystic ameloblastoma samples, 38 solid/multicystic ameloblastoma samples, and 1 ameloblastic carcinoma). The label index was performed as described previously.Results.MCM2 and MCM3 showed higher proliferation indexes in all variants of ameloblastoma compared to the classic marker Ki-67. No correlation between the proliferation index and the clinical and protein expression data was observed.Conclusion.The results suggest that clinical features do not directly affect tumor cell proliferation. Moreover, the high levels of cellular proliferation of MCM2 and MCM3 compared with Ki-67 may indicate that MCM2 and MCM3 are more sensitive markers for predicting the growth rate and eventually might be helpful as a tool for predicting aggressive and recurrent behaviors in these tumors.

scholarly journals Unicystic Ameloblastoma presenting as Dentigerous Cyst

2013 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 144-146
Author(s):  
Srijon Mukherji ◽  
Yogendra Chauhan ◽  
Niladri Sekhar Bakshi
Keyword(s):  
Dentigerous Cyst ◽  
Tumor Proliferation ◽  
Cystic Lesions ◽  
Unicystic Ameloblastoma ◽  
Tumor Group ◽  
Jaw Cyst ◽  
Dentigerous Cysts ◽  
Cyst Cavity

ABSTRACT Unicystic ameloblastoma refers to those cystic lesions that show clinical, radiographic or gross features of a jaw cyst but on histological examination show a typical ameloblastomatous epithelium lining the cyst cavity, with or without luminal and/or mural tumor proliferation. Unicystic ameloblastoma is a less encountered variant of the ameloblastoma and believed to be less aggressive. As this tumor shows considerable similarities with dentigerous cysts, both clinically and radiographically the biologic behavior of this tumor group was reviewed. Moreover, recurrence of unicystic ameloblastoma may be long delayed and a long-term postoperative follow-up is essential for proper management of these patients. Here, we present a case of unicystic ameloblastoma in a 12-year-old female patient. How to cite this article Bakshi NS, Mukherji S, Chauhan Y. Unicystic Ameloblastoma presenting as Dentigerous Cyst. J Contemp Dent 2013;3(3):144-146.

Expression of β-Catenin in Hepatocellular Carcinoma

2001 ◽  
Vol 71 (3) ◽  
pp. 116-125
Author(s):  
Norina Basa ◽  
Daniela Lazar ◽  
Remus Cornea ◽  
Sorina Taban ◽  
Melania Ardelean ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatocellular Carcinoma ◽  
Cell Proliferation ◽  
Tumor Cell ◽  
Mitotic Index ◽  
Histological Grade ◽  
Proliferation Index ◽  
Tumor Cell Proliferation ◽  
Ki 67 ◽  
B Virus ◽  
Development And Evolution

Alteration of β-catenin expression is involved in the development and evolution of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC); β-catenin is able to influence tumor cell proliferation. We analyzed the immunohistochemical (IHC) expression of β-catenin on a group of 32 patients diagnosed with HCC using the anti-β-catenin monoclonal antibody (clone E247). We correlated the expression of β-catenin with the proliferation index of Ki-67 (PI Ki-67), the mitotic index (MI) and other clinical and pathological features. We observed an altered β-catenin expression in 58.38% of all HCC cases. This expression was insignificantly correlated with tumor size (]5 cm) (p = 0.683), histological grade G1-G2 (p = 0.307), vascular invasion (p = 0.299) and advanced pT stage (p = 0.453); we obtained a significantly higher MI in HCC with altered β-catenin expression (p = 0.018), as compared to HCC without overexpression (1.66 � 1.37) (p = 0.038) and a PI Ki-67 of 22.49 � 20.1 and 28.24 � 18.2, respectively in tumors with altered β-catenin expression with insignificant differences compared to HCC without overexpression (25.95 � 15.2) (p = 0.682 and p = 0.731, respectively). According to the results we obtained, aberrant β-catenin expression in HCC was correlated with a high mitotic index, therefore playing an important role in tumor progression by stimulating tumor cell proliferation; non-nuclear β-catenin overexpression can have a pathological significance in HCC, especially in cases of HCC associated with hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection.

Strategic Aspects of NPY-Based Monoclonal Antibodies for Diagnosis and Treatment of Breast Cancer

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (11) ◽  
pp. 1097-1102
Author(s):  
Drashti Desai ◽  
Pravin Shende
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Monoclonal Antibodies ◽  
Diagnosis And Treatment ◽  
Detection Methods ◽  
Active Immunotherapy ◽  
Immune Checkpoints ◽  
Proliferation Index ◽  
Protein Fusion ◽  
Ki 67 ◽  
Cost Efficient

: Immunotherapy emerges as a treatment strategy for breast cancer marker, diagnosis and treatment. In this review, monoclonal antibodies (mAbs)-based passive and peptide vaccines as active immunotherapy approaches like activation of B-cells and T-cells are studied. Passive immunotherapy is mAbs-based therapy effective against tumor cells, which acts by targeting HER2, IGF 1R, VEGF, BCSC and immune checkpoints. Neuropeptide Y (NPY) and GPCR are the areas of interest to target BC metastases for on-targeting therapeutic action. Neuropeptide S (NPS) or NPS receptor 1, acts as a biomarker for Neuroendocrine tumors (NET), mostly characterized by synaptophysin and chromogranin-A expression or Ki-67 proliferation index. The protein fusion technologies arise as a promising avenue in plant expression systems for increased recombinant Ab accumulation and cost-efficient purification. Recently, mAbs-based immunotherapy effectiveness is appreciated as a novel therapeutic combination of chemotherapy and immunotherapy to reduce the side effects and improve therapeutic responsiveness. Synthetic drug resistance will be overcome by mAbs-based therapy through several clinical trials and detection methods need to be optimized for accuracy and precision. Pharmacokinetic attributes need to be accessed for preferred receptor-agonist activity without ligand accumulation.

scholarly journals Calcitonin-Negative Neuroendocrine Carcinoma of the Thyroid Gland: Case Report and Literature Review

2021 ◽  
pp. 112-122
Author(s):  
Ricardo Fernández-Ferreira ◽  
Ildefonso Roberto De la Peña-López ◽  
Karla Walkiria Zamudio-Coronado ◽  
Luis Antonio Delgado-Soler ◽  
María Eugenia Torres-Pérez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Carcinoma ◽  
English Language ◽  
Neoadjuvant Treatment ◽  
Complete Response ◽  
Cervical Region ◽  
Proliferation Index ◽  
Ki 67 ◽  
Definitive Evidence ◽  
Criteria For Diagnosis ◽  
Fdg Pet Ct

Calcitonin-negative neuroendocrine tumor (CNNET) of the thyroid is an extremely rare entity. In some of the previously reported cases within the literature, the terms “atypical medullary thyroid carcinoma,” “calcitonin-free oat cell carcinoma,” and “a distinct clinical entity” were applied to NETs without definitive evidence of calcitonin production. In the English-language literature, not only are there only few reported cases of CNNET, but the criteria for diagnosis in these cases are also controversial. Most of the current published cases were also treated surgically for local disease. We describe a case of NET of the thyroid with calcitonin, chromogranin A and thyroglobulin negativity, synaptophysin and TTF-1 positivity, and a high Ki-67 proliferation index with metastases in the cervical region as well as mediastinal adenopathies. This case was considered an unresectable thyroid carcinoma, and chemotherapy including cisplatin and etoposide was started as neoadjuvant treatment at the department of medical oncology. Total thyroidectomy plus bilateral and central cervical dissection was performed, and the patient underwent 2 cycles of adjuvant radiotherapy. Currently, the patient’s 18F-FDG-PET/CT findings show a complete response 17 months after diagnosis. In conclusion, CNNET of the thyroid is very rare and there is limited evidence regarding treatment in patients with metastases. Chemotherapy including cisplatin and etoposide as well as early aggressive surgical resection appears to positively impact patients’ survival.

Prognostic Implications of p53 Nuclear Overexpression and High Proliferation Index of Ki-67 in Adult Soft-Tissue Sarcomas

1994 ◽  
Vol 86 (7) ◽  
pp. 549-554 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marija Drobnjak ◽  
Esther Latres ◽  
Daphna Pollack ◽  
Martin Karpeh ◽  
Maria Dudas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soft Tissue ◽  
Soft Tissue Sarcomas ◽  
Proliferation Index ◽  
Ki 67 ◽  
Prognostic Implications

scholarly journals Unicystic Mural Ameloblastoma: An Unusual Case Report

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. Nagalaxmi ◽  
Mithare Sangmesh ◽  
Kotya Naik Maloth ◽  
Srikanth Kodangal ◽  
Vani Chappidi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Unusual Case ◽  
Biological Profile ◽  
Unicystic Ameloblastoma ◽  
Tumor Group ◽  
Jaw Cyst ◽  
Dentigerous Cysts ◽  
Odontogenic Neoplasm ◽  
Cyst Cavity ◽  
Unusual Case Report

Ameloblastoma is a benign odontogenic neoplasm which frequently affects the mandible. The term ameloblastoma includes several clinicoradiological and histological types. Apart from the most commonly encountered clinicopathologic models, there are few variants, whose biological profile is unknown or not elicited. Among these types, unicystic ameloblastoma is the least encountered variant of the ameloblastoma. Unicystic ameloblastoma refers to those cystic lesions that show clinical, radiographic, or gross features of a jaw cyst but on histologic examination show a typical ameloblastomatous epithelium lining the cyst cavity, with or without luminal and/or mural tumor proliferation. Unicystic ameloblastoma is a less encountered variant of the ameloblastoma and is believed to be less aggressive. As this tumor shows considerable similarities with dentigerous cysts, both clinically and radiographically, the biologic behaviour of this tumor group was reviewed. Moreover, recurrence of unicystic ameloblastoma may be long delayed, and a long-term postoperative followup is essential for proper management of these patients. Here we are presenting a case of unicystic ameloblastoma in an 18-year-old female patient.

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