scholarly journals Punica granatum L. Leaf Extract Attenuates Lung Inflammation in Mice with Acute Lung Injury

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aruanã Joaquim Matheus Costa Rodrigues Pinheiro ◽  
Jaciara Sá Gonçalves ◽  
Ádylla Wilenna Alves Dourado ◽  
Eduardo Martins de Sousa ◽  
Natilene Mesquita Brito ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acute Lung Injury ◽  
Lung Injury ◽  
Lung Inflammation ◽  
Punica Granatum ◽  
Cytokine Gene Expression ◽  
No Production ◽  
Raw 264.7 ◽  
Hydroalcoholic Extract ◽  
Raw 264.7 Macrophages ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

The hydroalcoholic extract of Punica granatum (pomegranate) leaves was previously demonstrated to be anti-inflammatory in a rat model of lipopolysaccharide- (LPS-) induced acute peritonitis. Here, we investigated the anti-inflammatory effects of the ethyl acetate fraction obtained from the pomegranate leaf hydroalcoholic extract (EAFPg) on the LPS-induced acute lung injury (ALI) mouse model. Male Swiss mice received either EAFPg at different doses or dexamethasone (per os) prior to LPS intranasal instillation. Vehicle-treated mice were used as controls. Animals were culled at 4 h after LPS challenge, and the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) and lung samples were collected for analysis. EAFPg and kaempferol effects on NO and cytokine production by LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 macrophages were also investigated. Pretreatment with EAFPg (100–300 mg/kg) markedly reduced cell accumulation (specially neutrophils) and collagen deposition in the lungs of ALI mice. The same animals presented with reduced lung and BALF TNF-α and IL-1β expression in comparison with vehicle controls (p<0.05). Additionally, incubation with either EAFPg or kaempferol (100 μg/ml) reduced NO production and cytokine gene expression in cultured LPS-treated RAW 264.7 macrophages. Overall, these results demonstrate that the prophylactic treatment with EAFPg attenuates acute lung inflammation. We suggest this fraction may be useful in treating ALI.

scholarly journals The Remarkable Antioxidant and Anti-Inflammatory Potential of the Extracts of the Brown Alga Cystoseira amentacea var. stricta

Marine Drugs ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 2
Author(s):  
Gina De La Fuente ◽  
Marco Fontana ◽  
Valentina Asnaghi ◽  
Mariachiara Chiantore ◽  
Serena Mirata ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
No Production ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Raw 264.7 ◽  
Ros Scavenging ◽  
Ligurian Sea ◽  
Raw 264.7 Macrophages ◽  
Pharmaceutical Industries ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
First Time

Inflammation and oxidative stress are part of the complex biological responses of body tissues to harmful stimuli. In recent years, due to the increased understanding that oxidative stress is implicated in several diseases, pharmaceutical industries have invested in the research and development of new antioxidant compounds, especially from marine environment sources. Marine seaweeds have shown the presence of many bioactive secondary metabolites, with great potentialities from both the nutraceutical and the biomedical point of view. In this study, 50%-ethanolic and DMSO extracts from the species C. amentacea var. stricta were obtained for the first time from seaweeds collected in the Ligurian Sea (north-western Mediterranean). The bioactive properties of these extracts were then investigated, in terms of quantification of specific antioxidant activities by relevant ROS scavenging spectrophotometric tests, and of anti-inflammatory properties in LPS-stimulated macrophages by evaluation of inhibition of inflammatory cytokines and mediators. The data obtained in this study demonstrate a strong anti-inflammatory effect of both C. amentacea extracts (DMSO and ethanolic). The extracts showed a very low grade of toxicity on RAW 264.7 macrophages and L929 fibroblasts and a plethora of antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects that were for the first time thoroughly investigated. The two extracts were able to scavenge OH and NO radicals (OH EC50 between 392 and 454 μg/mL; NO EC50 between 546 and 1293 μg/mL), to partially rescue H2O2-induced RAW 264.7 macrophages cell death, to abate intracellular ROS production in H2O2-stimulated macrophages and fibroblasts and to strongly inhibit LPS-induced inflammatory mediators, such as NO production and IL-1α, IL-6, cyclooxygenase-2 and inducible NO synthase gene expression in RAW 264.7 macrophages. These results pave the way, for the future use of C. amentacea metabolites, as an example, as antioxidant food additives in antiaging formulations as well as in cosmetic lenitive lotions for inflamed and/or damaged skin.

Vanillin protects lipopolysaccharide-induced acute lung injury by inhibiting ERK1/2, p38 and NF-κB pathway

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (16) ◽  
pp. 2081-2094 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tingting Guo ◽  
Zhenzhong Su ◽  
Qi Wang ◽  
Wei Hou ◽  
Junyao Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acute Lung Injury ◽  
Lung Injury ◽  
Western Blot ◽  
Lung Inflammation ◽  
Macrophage Activation ◽  
Myeloperoxidase Activity ◽  
Histopathological Changes ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Inflammatory Effect

Aim: Thus far, the anti-inflammatory effect of vanillin in acute lung injury (ALI) has not been studied. This study aimed to investigate the effect of vanillin in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced ALI. Results & methodology: Our study detected the anti-inflammatory effects of vanillin by ELISA and western blot, respectively. Pretreatment of mice with vanillin significantly attenuated LPS-stimulated lung histopathological changes, myeloperoxidase activity and expression levels of proinflammatory cytokines by inhibiting the phosphorylation activities of ERK1/2, p38, AKT and NF-κB p65. In addition, vanillin inhibited LPS-induced TNF-α and IL-6 expression in RAW264.7 cells via ERK1/2, p38 and NF-κB signaling. Conclusion: Vanillin can inhibit macrophage activation and lung inflammation, which suggests new insights for clinical treatment of ALI.

scholarly journals Activation of cholinergic anti-inflammatory pathway involved in therapeutic actions of α-mangostin on lipopolysaccharide-induced acute lung injury in rats

2020 ◽  
Vol 34 ◽  
pp. 205873842095494
Author(s):  
Zhe Yang ◽  
Qin Yin ◽  
Opeyemi Joshua Olatunji ◽  
Yan Li ◽  
Shu Pan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acute Lung Injury ◽  
Lung Injury ◽  
Raw 264.7 Cells ◽  
Raw 264.7 ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Α7 Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptor ◽  
Inflammatory Pathway ◽  
Inflammatory Reactions ◽  
Sprague Dawley Rats ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

Introduction: Alpha-mangostin (MAN) possesses a wide variety of pharmacological effects. In this study, we investigated its effect on cholinergic anti-inflammatory pathway (CAP), and tested if CAP regulation was involved in the therapeutic action on acute lung injury (ALI). Methods: Male Sprague Dawley rats were pre-treated with MAN (40 mg/kg) for 3 days and ALI was induced with an intraperitoneal injection of lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Certain rats received monolateral vagotomy or sham surgery. The effects on inflammatory reactions and relevant pathways in ALI rats or LPS pre-treated RAW 264.7 cells were investigated by histological, immunohistochemical, immunoblotting, RT-qPCR, and immunofluorescence assays, while levels of proinflammatory cytokines, acetylcholine (Ach) and the enzymatic activity of acetylcholinesterase (AchE) were determined by corresponding quantitative kits. Results: Oral administration of MAN reduced the severity of ALI, while vagotomy surgery antagonized this effect. MAN restored the decline in α7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (α7nAchR) in the lungs of ALI rats, and promoted the expression of α7nAchR and choline acetyltransferase (CHAT) in RAW 264.7 cells. Although AchE expression was barely affected by MAN at 5 μg/ml, its catalytic activity was reduced by almost 95%. Extracellular rather than intracellular Ach was notably raised shortly after MAN treatment. Furthermore, MAN at 5 μg/ml effectively inhibited LPS-induced increase in phosphorylation and nucleus translocation of p65 subunit, and secretion of TNF-α and IL-1β, which was then offset by methyllycaconitine citrate hydrate. Conclusion: MAN activated CAP by increasing peripheral Ach and up-regulating α7nAchR expression, which eventually led to NF-κB inhibition and remission of acute inflammations.

scholarly journals Anti-Inflammatory Effects of Huberia peruviana Cogn. Methanol Extract by Inhibiting Src Activity in the NF-κB Pathway

Plants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 2335
Author(s):  
Seung A Kim ◽  
Chae Young Lee ◽  
Ankita Mitra ◽  
Haeyeop Kim ◽  
Byoung Young Woo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acute Lung Injury ◽  
Lung Injury ◽  
Western Blotting ◽  
Methanol Extract ◽  
Luciferase Assay ◽  
Luciferase Reporter ◽  
No Production ◽  
In Vivo Models ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Inflammatory Effect

There is a growing need to develop anti-inflammatory drugs to regulate inflammatory responses. An extract of Huberia peruviana Cogn. had the best inhibitory effect on nitric oxide (NO) production in screening process undertaken in our laboratory. However, the anti-inflammatory effect of Huberia peruviana Cogn. methanol extract (Hp-ME) has not been studied. In this study, the anti-inflammatory effect of Hp-ME was assessed by using an NO assay, RT-PCR, luciferase reporter gene activity assay, western blotting assay, HCl/EtOH-induced acute gastritis model, and LPS-induced acute lung injury model. The phytochemical components of Hp-ME were determined through LC-MS/MS analysis. When RAW264.7 and HEK293T cells were treated with Hp-ME, NO production was decreased dose-dependently without cytotoxicity and the mRNA levels of iNOS, COX-2, and TNF-α were decreased. In a luciferase assay, the activity of transcription factors, NF-κB in TRIF or MyD88-overexpressing HEK293T cells was extremely reduced by Hp-ME. The western blotting analysis indicated that Hp-ME has anti-inflammatory effects by inhibiting the phosphorylation of Src. Hp-ME showed anti-inflammatory effects on in vivo models of HCl/EtOH-induced gastritis and LPS-induced acute lung injury. LC-MS/MS revealed that Hp-ME contains several anti-inflammatory flavonoids. The final findings of this study imply that Hp-ME could be used as an anti-inflammatory drug in several inflammatory diseases.

scholarly journals Enhanced anti-inflammatory effect of resveratrol and EPA in treated endotoxin-activated RAW 264.7 macrophages

2012 ◽  
Vol 108 (9) ◽  
pp. 1562-1573 ◽  
Author(s):  
Victor Pallarès ◽  
Damien Calay ◽  
Lídia Cedó ◽  
Anna Castell-Auví ◽  
Martine Raes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Epigallocatechin Gallate ◽  
No Production ◽  
Raw 264.7 ◽  
Fish Food ◽  
Antioxidant Genes ◽  
Raw 264.7 Macrophages ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Inflammatory Effect

Macrophages play an important role in immunogenic challenges by producing reactive oxygen species, NO and proinflammatory cytokines that can aggravate and propagate local inflammation. Multiple mechanisms regulate these inflammatory processes. NF-κB and activator protein 1 pathways are crucial in the expression of proinflammatory genes, such as TNF-α, IL-1 (α or β) and -6. Some polyphenols, which are present in beverages, vegetables and fruits, and PUFA, which are present in marine oils and fish food, possess anti-inflammatory effects in vivo and in vitro. Our aim in the present study was to assess whether polyphenols and PUFA have synergistic anti-inflammatory effects in murine macrophages in vitro. Inflammation in RAW 264.7 macrophages was induced by lipopolysaccharide at 100 ng/ml. The treatments with molecules were performed by co-incubation for 19 h. A NO production assay by Griess reaction, a phosphoprotein assay by Pathscan ELISA kit and gene expression analysis using the TaqMan® Low-density Array for ninety-one genes related to inflammation, oxidative stress and metabolism were performed to assess the synergistic anti-inflammatory effects of polyphenols, epigallocatechin gallate and resveratrol (Res; 2·5 μg/ml), and the PUFA, DHA and EPA (30 μm). Adding Res+EPA had an enhanced anti-inflammatory effect, in comparison with EPA and Res alone, leading to decreased NO levels; modulating the phospho-stress activated protein kinase/Jun N-terminal kinase (P-SAPK/JNK) level; down-regulating proinflammatory genes, such as IL, chemokines, transcription factors; and up-regulating several antioxidant genes. Therefore, this combination has a stronger anti-inflammatory effect than either of these molecules separately in RAW macrophages.

scholarly journals Protective Effect of the Fruit Hull ofGleditsia sinensison LPS-Induced Acute Lung Injury Is Associated with Nrf2 Activation

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jun-Young Choi ◽  
Min Jung Kwun ◽  
Kyun Ha Kim ◽  
Ji Hyo Lyu ◽  
Chang Woo Han ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acute Lung Injury ◽  
Lung Injury ◽  
Lung Inflammation ◽  
Therapeutic Option ◽  
Raw 264.7 Cells ◽  
Inflammatory Factor ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Reporter Assays ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Underlying Mechanisms

The fruit hull ofGleditsia sinensis(FGS) has been prescribed as a traditional eastern Asian medicinal remedy for the treatment of various respiratory diseases, but the efficacy and underlying mechanisms remain poorly characterized. Here, we explored a potential usage of FGS for the treatment of acute lung injury (ALI), a highly fatal inflammatory lung disease that urgently needs effective therapeutics, and investigated a mechanism for the anti-inflammatory activity of FGS. Pretreatment of C57BL/6 mice with FGS significantly attenuated LPS-induced neutrophilic lung inflammation compared to sham-treated, inflamed mice. Reporter assays, semiquantitative RT-PCR, and Western blot analyses show that while not affecting NF-κB, FGS activated Nrf2 and expressed Nrf2-regulated genes including GCLC, NQO-1, and HO-1 in RAW 264.7 cells. Furthermore, pretreatment of mice with FGS enhanced the expression of GCLC and HO-1 but suppressed that of proinflammatory cytokines in including TNF-α and IL-1β in the inflamed lungs. These results suggest that FGS effectively suppresses neutrophilic lung inflammation, which can be associated with, at least in part, FGS-activating anti-inflammatory factor Nrf2. Our results suggest that FGS can be developed as a therapeutic option for the treatment of ALI.

Anti-inflammatory effects of celecoxib in rat lungs with smoke-induced emphysema

2010 ◽  
Vol 299 (2) ◽  
pp. L184-L191 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gu Seob Roh ◽  
Chin-ok Yi ◽  
Yu Ji Cho ◽  
Byeong Tak Jeon ◽  
Irina Tsoy Nizamudtinova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pulmonary Emphysema ◽  
Pulmonary Inflammation ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
No Production ◽  
Raw 264.7 ◽  
Raw 264.7 Macrophages ◽  
Rat Lungs ◽  
Cox 2 ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Regulated Gene Expression

Chronic airway inflammation is a characteristic feature of destructive cigarette smoking (CS)-induced lung disease, particularly in patients with emphysema. Celecoxib, a specific cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) inhibitor, is widely used to treat inflammation. However, the exact mechanisms underlying this drug's anti-inflammatory effects have not yet been determined in pulmonary emphysema. Here, we explore whether celecoxib attenuates CS-induced inflammation in rat lungs. Rats were exposed to smoke and received celecoxib via intragastric feeding daily for 20 wk. We found that celecoxib inhibited interalveolar wall distance and pulmonary inflammation in the lungs of CS-treated rats. Celecoxib inhibited serum NO production, iNOS, COX-2 expression, and PGE2 production in CS-treated lung tissues. Our immunohistochemical data showed that CS-induced CD68 and COX-2 expression were inhibited by celecoxib. Furthermore, celecoxib attenuated the activation of phospho-IκBα and NF-κB in CS-treated rat lung. In addition, there was an inhibitory effect of celecoxib on the COX-2 expression and NF-κB activation in LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 macrophages. Celecoxib also attenuated NF-κB activation in COX-2 siRNA-transfected RAW 264.7 macrophages. Thus, our findings suggest that the anti-inflammatory effects of celecoxib are mediated by its effects on NF-κB-regulated gene expression, which ultimately reduces the progression of CS-induced pulmonary emphysema.

scholarly journals Antioxidant and Anti-Inflammatory Effects of Punica granatum L. Seed Extract in Raw 264.7 Macrophages

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Naila Siraj ◽  
Muhammad Asim Shabbir ◽  
Moazzam Rafiq Khan ◽  
Khalil-ur- Rehman
Keyword(s):  
Punica Granatum ◽  
Seed Extract ◽  
Raw 264.7 ◽  
Raw 264.7 Macrophages ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Punica Granatum L

scholarly journals 4'-Hydroxywogonin suppresses lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammatory responses in RAW 264.7 macrophages and acute lung injury mice

PLoS ONE ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 12 (8) ◽  
pp. e0181191 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chao Fan ◽  
Le-Hao Wu ◽  
Gu-Fang Zhang ◽  
Fangfang Xu ◽  
Shuo Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acute Lung Injury ◽  
Lung Injury ◽  
Inflammatory Responses ◽  
Raw 264.7 ◽  
Raw 264.7 Macrophages
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