scholarly journals Optimization of Deep Oxidative Desulfurization Process Using Ionic Liquid and Potassium Monopersulfate

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yinke Zhang ◽  
Hang Xu ◽  
Mengfan Jia ◽  
Zhuang Liu ◽  
Deqiang Qu
Keyword(s):  
Response Surface Methodology ◽  
Ionic Liquid ◽  
Ionic Liquids ◽  
Reaction Time ◽  
Removal Rate ◽  
Sulfur Removal ◽  
Oxidative Desulfurization ◽  
Optimal Conditions ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
Desulfurization Process

Response surface methodology (RSM) was selected to optimize a desulfurization process with metal based ionic liquids ([Bmim]Cl/CoCl2) and potassium monopersulfate (PMS) together to remove benzothiophene (BT) from octane (simulating oil). The four experimental conditions of PMS dosage, [Bmim]Cl/CoCl2 dosage, temperature, and reaction time were investigated. The results showed that the quadratic relationship was built up between BT removal and four experimental variables with 0.9898 fitting coefficient. The optimal conditions were 1.6 g (20 wt%) PMS solution, 3.2 g [Bmim]Cl/CoCl2, 46°C, and 23 min, which were obtained based on RSM and experimental results. Under the optimal condition, predicted sulfur removal rate and experimental sulfur removal rate were 96.7% and 95.4%, respectively. The sequence of four experimental conditions on desulfurization followed the order temperature > time > [Bmim]Cl/CoCl2 dosage > PMS solution dosage.

Study on the Chemical Modification of Cellulose in Ionic Liquid with Maleic Anhydride

2012 ◽  
Vol 581-582 ◽  
pp. 287-291 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hai Feng Li ◽  
Huan Li ◽  
Xuan Zhong ◽  
Xin Da Li ◽  
Magdi E. Gibril ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ionic Liquid ◽  
Ionic Liquids ◽  
Infrared Spectroscopy ◽  
Reaction Time ◽  
Thermogravimetric Analysis ◽  
Maleic Anhydride ◽  
Chemical Modification ◽  
Cotton Cellulose ◽  
Optimal Conditions ◽  
Mass Ratio

Dissolution and regeneration of cotton cellulose using ionic liquids as solvent was investigated. In this paper, modification of celluloses with maleic anhydride (MA) was carried out in ionic liquid,1-allyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride(AmimCl).The maleylation celluloses with degrees of substitution (DS) between 0.85and 1.46 were accessible in IL. The effects of reaction time, temperature and mass ratio of the MA in cellulose were investigated. These maleylation celluloses were characterized by infrared spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). Experiments showed that the optimal conditions for grafting were: mass ratio of maleic anhydride and cotton cellulose 0.8; reaction time of 90 min; temperature of 80 °C.

Oxidative Desulfurization of Dibenzothiophene Catalyzed by Polyoxometalate-Based Ionic Liquid

2014 ◽  
Vol 1033-1034 ◽  
pp. 65-69
Author(s):  
Min Wang ◽  
Qin Wu ◽  
Han Sheng Li ◽  
Yun Zhao ◽  
Qing Ze Jiao
Keyword(s):  
Ionic Liquid ◽  
Sulfonic Acid ◽  
Sulfur Removal ◽  
Oxidative Desulfurization ◽  
Ionization Mass ◽  
Thermogravimetric Analyzer ◽  
Catalytic Oxidative Desulfurization ◽  
Ionization Mass Spectrum ◽  
Electrospray Ionization Mass Spectrum ◽  
Desulfurization Process

A polyoxometalate-based ionic liquid, 1-(4-sulfonic acid) methylimidazolium phosphotungstate ([MIMBS]3PW12O40), was synthesized and characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectrum, nuclear magnetic resonance, electrospray ionization mass spectrum and thermogravimetric analyzer. [MIMBS]3PW12O40exhibited high activity for the extractive catalytic oxidative desulfurization process, together with H2O2and CH3CN/H2O. The sulfur removal of DBT could reach 99.9% under wild conditions, and the catalyst could be used three times with only a slight decline in activity.

Study of Performance and Synthesis of Et3NHC1-AlC13

2014 ◽  
Vol 1051 ◽  
pp. 178-181
Author(s):  
Li Ming Zhang ◽  
Hai Yan Hu
Keyword(s):  
Ionic Liquid ◽  
Catalytic Activity ◽  
Ionic Liquids ◽  
Reaction Time ◽  
Influencing Factors ◽  
Mole Fraction ◽  
Catalytic Performance ◽  
Temperature Reaction ◽  
Optimal Conditions ◽  
Alkylation Of Benzene

This thesis is focused on the catalyst of ionic liquids. Firstly, chloroaluminate ionic liquid consisting of triethylaminia hydrochloride and anhydrous A1C13 was prepared, and its catalytic performance on the alkylation of benzene with 1-bromobutane was studied experimentally. The composition of the system was analyzed using gas chromatogram. The effect of such influencing factors were investigated as the constitute of ionic liquid,the dosage of catalyst, the mole ratio of benzene to 1-bromobutane, temperature,reaction time,the regeneration approach of the used ionic liquid catalyst. The results suggested that it helps to increase the conversion of propylene and the selectivity of 1-butylbenzene by increasing the mole fraction of AlCl3 in the ionic liquid, the amount of catalyst, the mole ratio of benzene to 1-butylbenzene, reaction time and by reducing reaction temperature. At optimal conditions of 66.7% of mole fraction of AlCl3 in the ionic liquid, l0wt% of catalyst with respect to benzene, 10:1 of mole ratio of benzene to 1-bromobutane and 313 .15K, both conversion of 1-bromobutane and selectivity of butylbenzene can reach 96.6% in 20 minutes. The activity of the catalyst can be basically remained after eight times reused. For the used ionic liquid, its catalytic activity can be partially recovered via adding some extra AlCl3 notwithstanding less satisfactory. The catalyst performance of ionic liquids on the esterification of ethanol with ethanonic acid was studied.

Photocatalytic Oxidative Desulfurization of Model Oil Using Cu/TiO2 Photocatalyst and Eutectic Based Ionic Liquid: Effect of Metal Loading

2014 ◽  
Vol 699 ◽  
pp. 210-214 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hayyiratul Fatimah Mohd Zaid ◽  
Chong Fai Kait ◽  
Muhammad Ibrahim Abdul Mutalib
Keyword(s):  
Ionic Liquid ◽  
Titanium Dioxide ◽  
Sulfur Compound ◽  
Sulfur Removal ◽  
Oxidative Desulfurization ◽  
Copper Metal ◽  
Metal Loading ◽  
Model Oil

Titanium dioxide (TiO2) photocatalyts doped with copper metal at different metal loadings were successfully prepared and characterized. Photocatalytic oxidative desulfurization of model oil containing dibenzothiophene as the sulfur compound (100 ppm) was investigated using the prepared photocatalyst. The photocatalyst with 2.0 wt% Cu metal loading showed the best sulfur removal at 66.25%.

Study on the Model of Limonite-TiO2 Combined Microspheres Photolysising Phenol in Source Water

2012 ◽  
Vol 518-523 ◽  
pp. 121-124
Author(s):  
Hong Xia Xia ◽  
Qi Hong Zhu
Keyword(s):  
Reaction Time ◽  
Light Intensity ◽  
Ph Value ◽  
Removal Rate ◽  
Source Water ◽  
Quadratic Regression ◽  
Solution Ph ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
Orthogonal Regression ◽  
Single Factor Experiment

This paper investigates the effect of Limonite/TiO2 combined microspheres dosage,solution pH, reaction time,light intensity on the removal rate of phenol in source water.Based on the single factor experiment, the experimental conditions are optimized by quadratic regression orthogonal rotation combination design.The quadratic orthogonal regression model of removal rate of phenol(y) to four factors of Limonite/TiO2 combined microspheres dosage(x1),pH(x2),reaction time (x3)and light intensity (x4) is established as Y=88.64+4.43X1+ 6.69X3+3.75X4-4.79X12-13.20X22-4.21X32-2.69X42+8.06X1X2-6.76X1X3-4.45X1X4.It can conclude from the model that when Limonite/TiO2 combined microspheres dosage is 1.5583g,solution pH value is 4.5095,reaction time is 102.12min,light intensity is 1710.8（x10 lux）,the yield(y) reaches the maximal(95.83%) and consistent with the confirmatory experiment result..

scholarly journals Sulfur removal from hydrotreated petroleum fractions using ultrasound-assisted oxidative desulfurization process

Fuel ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 90 (6) ◽  
pp. 2158-2164 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fábio A. Duarte ◽  
Paola de A. Mello ◽  
Cezar A. Bizzi ◽  
Matheus A.G. Nunes ◽  
Elizabeth M. Moreira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sulfur Removal ◽  
Oxidative Desulfurization ◽  
Petroleum Fractions ◽  
Desulfurization Process ◽  
Ultrasound Assisted

scholarly journals Efficient Oxidative Desulfurization of Model Oil at Room Temperature with Ionic Liquid as Extraction Solvent

KIMIKA ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 2-7
Author(s):  
Harold Henrison C. Chiu ◽  
Susan D. Arco ◽  
Zhang Chun Ping ◽  
Nelson R. Villarante
Keyword(s):  
Ionic Liquid ◽  
Ionic Liquids ◽  
Chain Length ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Extraction Efficiency ◽  
Oxidative Desulfurization ◽  
Alkyl Substituent ◽  
Step Method ◽  
Extraction Solvent ◽  
Model Oil

The oxidative desulfurization of model oil (hexane solution of thiophene) was carried out at room temperature in a two-step method involving: 1) the acetic acid catalyzed oxidation of thiophene with hydrogen peroxide and 2) the subsequent extraction of the oxidized products with  three  1-alkyl-3-methylimidazolium  bromide  [RMIM]Br  ionic  liquids  of  varying  alkyl substituent R chain length  (R: C2, C4,  C6) and with acetonitrile as control. For purposes of comparison,  a  non-oxidative  extractive  desulfurization  of  model  oil  with  the  above  ionic liquid and with acetonitrile was also performed.  The thiophene extraction efficiencies of the ionic liquids and that of the control in both the oxidative and non-oxidative procedures were determined  by  means  of  gas  chromatography.  The  ionic  liquid  of  the  shortest  alkyl substituent chain length (R: C2), [EMIM] Br exhibited the highest extraction efficiency in the oxidative desulfurization of the model  oil; the extraction efficiency of [EMIM] Br was also observed  to  exceed  that  of  acetonitrile.  In  general,  the  oxidative  desulfurization  with  the above [RMIM]Br’s is apparently a more efficient method of thiophene removal from the model oil as compared to a non-oxidative procedure with the same extraction solvents. The extraction efficiency of [RMIM]Br’s was observed to decrease with the lengthening of the alkyl  substituent  chain.  The  same  trend  is  observed  in  the  non-oxidative  extractive desulfurization of the model oil. Recyclability analysis of [EMIM]Br showed that [EMIM]Br can be recycled thrice with no significant decrease in extraction efficiency.

scholarly journals HIDROLISIS HASIL DELIGNIFIKASI TANDAN KOSONG KELAPA SAWIT DALAM SISTEM CAIRAN IONIK CHOLINE CHLORIDE

2016 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 27-33
Author(s):  
Gendish Yoricya ◽  
Shinta Aisyah Putri Dalimunthe ◽  
Renita Manurung ◽  
Nimpan Bangun
Keyword(s):  
Ionic Liquid ◽  
Ionic Liquids ◽  
Reaction Time ◽  
Choline Chloride ◽  
Liquid System ◽  
Cooking Time ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Cellulose Content ◽  
Empty Fruit Bunches ◽  
Hydrolysis Conditions

Palm Empty Fruit Bunches (TKKS) was the waste which has a fairly high content of lignocelluloses. Meanwhile, TKKS has not been utilize optimally. With a cellulose content of 45%-50%, TKKS then potentially be used as raw material for bioethanol. In the process of production bioethanol, delignification of lignocellulose the first phase was conducted to dissolve ligament between cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin. In this research, delignification process was carried out using NaOH in the ionic liquid system and without ionic liquids. The purpose of this research was to find out the highest content of cellulose which contained in the TKKS and to determine the hydrolysis of delignification results on palm empty fruit bunches and the best hydrolysis conditions was obtained at the hydrolysis process in the choline chloride ionic liquid system. Delignification process were performed using ionic liquids choline chloride (ChCl) in variety of cooking time with amount different ChCl. This research used TKKS powder cooked at a temperature 130 °C with a variety of cooking time 30, 60, and 90 minutes and the variation of ChCl 10%, 15% and 20% weight of TKKS. Delignification research results used ChCl obtained highest content of cellulose was 40,33%, hemicellulose 20,28%, and lignin 3,62% in cooking treatment 90 minutes and 15% ChCl. While delignification without ChCl obtained highest content of cellulose is 24,98%, hemicellulose 8,25%, and lignin 18,99% in cooking treatment 90 minutes. Delignification process using ChCl be able increase the degree of delignification as big as 61,45%. In the hydrolisis process, the main raw material used cellulose of delignification TKKS result, choline chloride, sulfatl acid, and distilled water. The hydrolysis stage in this research was carried out at temperature 105 0C, catalyst (H2SO4) 10% (w / w) cellulose, ChCl 10%, 15%, and 20% (w / w) cellulose and it was stirred at constant speed 120 rpm with reaction time of 30, 60 and 90 minutes. The result in the hydrolysis stage using ionic liquid obtained glucose. LUFF method analysis showed the maximum result of glucose 37.96% with the best conditions in reaction time 90 minutes and the amount of choline chloride 20%.

The quantity and type of ILs needed to form magnetic-heteropolyacid mesoporous catalysts and their highly performance for DBT removal

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (5) ◽  
pp. 2422-2437 ◽  
Author(s):  
Si-Wen Li ◽  
Wei Wang ◽  
Jian-She Zhao
Keyword(s):  
Ionic Liquid ◽  
Oxidative Desulfurization ◽  
Mesoporous Catalysts ◽  
Desulfurization Process ◽  
Mcm 41

Magnetic-heteropolyacid mesoporous catalysts, formed through the linkage of an ionic liquid, a magnetic Fe3O4@MCM-41 support, and a heteropolyacid, have been prepared and used in the deep oxidative desulfurization process.

Application of Response Surface Methodology for Improving the Yield of 1,5-bis(ptoluenesulfonyl)- 3,7-Dihydroxyoctahydro-1,5-Diazocine

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 398-404 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yang Zou ◽  
Jingyi Fei ◽  
Liangzhe Chen ◽  
Qingfeng Dong ◽  
Houbin Li
Keyword(s):  
Response Surface Methodology ◽  
Response Surface ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Product Yield ◽  
Synthesis Process ◽  
Optimal Conditions ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
Simple Method ◽  
Ft Ir

Background: 3,3,7,7-tetrakis (difluoramino) octahydro-1,5-dinitro-1,5-diazocine (HNFX), as an important oxidizer in propellants, has received much attention due to its high density and energy. However, there are many difficulties that need to be solved, such as complex synthetic processes, low product yield, high cost of raw materials and complicated purification. In the synthesis of HNFX, the intermediate named 1,5-bis (p-toluenesulfonyl)-3,7-dihydroxyoctahydro-1, 5-diazocine (gem-diol), is difficult to synthesize. Methods: A simple method was used to synthesize the gem-diol. This prepared gem-diol was characterized by FT-IR, 1H NMR, melting point and mass spectrometry. In order to increase the yield of gem-diol, response surface methodology (RSM) was introduced to optimize experimental conditions. Results: After the establishment of the model, the optimal conditions of synthesis were found to be 9.33h for reaction time, 6.13wt. % for the concentration of NaOH and 1.38:1 for ratio of ECH (p-toluenesulfonamide): TCA (epichlorohydrin). Under the optimal conditions, the experimental value and the predicted value of yield were 22.18% and 22.92%, respectively. Conclusion: 1,5-bis (p-toluenesulfonyl)-3,7-dihydroxyoctahydro-1,5-diazocine (gem-diol) can be synthesized using the low cost of chemical materials, including p-toluenesulfonamide, epichlorohydrin, sodium hydroxide and ethanol. Response surface methodology (RSM) is an effective method to optimize the synthesis process, thereby improving the yield of gem-diol.

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