scholarly journals Characteristics of Lower Leg Muscle Activity in Patients with Cerebral Palsy during Cycling on an Ergometer

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susmita Roy ◽  
Ana Alves-Pinto ◽  
Renée Lampe
Keyword(s):  
Cerebral Palsy ◽  
Muscle Activity ◽  
Dynamic Range ◽  
Activity Patterns ◽  
Signal Amplitude ◽  
Lower Leg ◽  
Emg Signal ◽  
Leg Muscle ◽  
Healthy Participants ◽  
Cycle Path

Purpose. Cycling on ergometer is often part of rehabilitation programs for patients with cerebral palsy (CP). The present study analyzed activity patterns of individual lower leg muscle during active cycling on ergometer in patients with CP and compared them to similar recordings in healthy participants. Methods. Electromyographic (EMG) recordings of lower leg muscle activity were collected from 14 adult patients and 10 adult healthy participants. Activity of the following muscles was recorded: Musculus tibialis anterior, Musculus gastrocnemius, Musculus rectus femoris, and Musculus biceps femoris. Besides qualitative analysis also quantitative analysis of individual muscle activity was performed by computing the coefficient of variation of EMG signal amplitude. Results. More irregular EMG patterns were observed in patients in comparison to healthy participants: agonist-antagonist cocontractions were more frequent, muscle activity measured at specific points of the cycle path was more variable, and dynamic range of muscle activity along the cycle path was narrower in patients. Hypertonicity was also more frequent in patients. Conclusion. Muscle activity patterns during cycling differed substantially across patients. It showed irregular nature and occasional sharp high peaks. Dynamic range was also narrower than in controls. Observations underline the need for individualized cycling training to optimize rehabilitation effects.

Information-based analysis of the relation between human muscle reaction and walking path

2020 ◽  
Vol 28 (6) ◽  
pp. 675-684 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shahul Mujib Kamal ◽  
Norazryana Binti Mat Dawi ◽  
Sue Sim ◽  
Rui Tee ◽  
Visvamba Nathan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nervous System ◽  
Information Content ◽  
Muscle Activity ◽  
Human Muscle ◽  
Complex Structures ◽  
Entropy Analysis ◽  
Movement Path ◽  
Leg Muscles ◽  
Emg Signal ◽  
Leg Muscle

BACKGROUND: Walking is one of the important actions of the human body. For this purpose, the human brain communicates with leg muscles through the nervous system. Based on the walking path, leg muscles act differently. Therefore, there should be a relation between the activity of leg muscles and the path of movement. OBJECTIVE: In order to address this issue, we analyzed how leg muscle activity is related to the variations of the path of movement. METHOD: Since the electromyography (EMG) signal is a feature of muscle activity and the movement path has complex structures, we used entropy analysis in order to link their structures. The Shannon entropy of EMG signal and walking path are computed to relate their information content. RESULTS: Based on the obtained results, walking on a path with greater information content causes greater information content in the EMG signal which is supported by statistical analysis results. This allowed us to analyze the relation between muscle activity and walking path. CONCLUSION: The method of analysis employed in this research can be applied to investigate the relation between brain or heart reactions and walking path.

Spatio-Temporal Separation of Roll and Pitch Balance-Correcting Commands in Humans

2005 ◽  
Vol 94 (5) ◽  
pp. 3143-3158 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Grüneberg ◽  
J. Duysens ◽  
F. Honegger ◽  
J.H.J. Allum
Keyword(s):  
Muscle Activity ◽  
Lower Leg ◽  
Trunk Muscles ◽  
Roll Motion ◽  
Stretch Reflexes ◽  
Ankle Muscles ◽  
Roll Velocity ◽  
Main Action ◽  
Leg Muscle ◽  
Balance Corrections

This study was designed to provide evidence for the hypothesis that human balance corrections in response to pitch perturbations are controlled by muscle action mainly about the ankle and knee joints, whereas balance corrections for roll perturbations are controlled predominantly by motion about the hip and lumbro-sacral joints. A dual-axis rotating support surface delivered unexpected random perturbations to the stance of 19 healthy young adults through eight different directions in the pitch and the roll planes and three delays between pitch and roll directions. Roll delays with respect to pitch were no delay, a short 50-ms delay of roll with respect to pitch movements, (chosen to correspond to the onset time of leg muscle stretch reflexes), and a long 150-ms delay between roll and pitch movements (chosen to shift the time when trunk roll velocity peaks to the time when trunk peak pitch velocity normally occurs). Delays of stimulus roll with respect to pitch resulted in delayed roll responses of the legs, trunk, arms, and head consistent with stimulus delay without any changes in roll velocity amplitude. Delayed roll perturbations induced only small changes in the pitch motion of the legs and trunk; however, major changes were seen in the time when roll motion of the trunk was arrested. Amplitudes and directional sensitivity of short-latency (SL) stretch reflexes in ankle muscles were not altered with increasing roll delay. Small changes to balance correcting responses in ankle muscles were observed. SL stretch reflexes in hip and trunk muscles were delayed, and balance-correcting responses in trunk muscles became split into two distinct responses with delayed roll. The first of these responses was small and had a directional responsiveness aligned more along the pitch plane. The main, larger, response occurred with an onset and time-to-peak consistent with the delay in trunk roll displacement and its directional responsiveness was roll oriented. The sum of the amplitudes of these two types of balance-correcting responses remained constant with roll delay. These results support the hypothesis that corrections of the body's pitch and roll motion are programmed separately by neural command signals and provide insights into possible triggering mechanisms. The evidence that lower leg muscle balance-correcting activity is hardly changed by delayed trunk roll also indicates that lower leg muscle activity is not predominant in correcting roll motion of the body. Lower leg and trunk muscle activity appears to have a dual action in balance corrections. In trunk muscles the main action is to correct for roll perturbations and the lesser action may be an anticipatory stabilizing reaction for pitch perturbations. Likewise, the small changes in lower leg muscle activity may result from a generalized stabilizing reaction to roll perturbations, but the main action is to correct for pitch perturbations.

Evaluation of Performance for Selective Lower Leg Muscle Activity During Walking on Computer Controlled Treadmill System

2010 ◽  
Vol 43 (13) ◽  
pp. 339-343
Author(s):  
Takeshi Sato ◽  
Takayuki Watanabe ◽  
Hiroshi Yasuoka ◽  
Kazuaki Kawashima ◽  
Masami Miyazaki
Keyword(s):  
Muscle Activity ◽  
Lower Leg ◽  
Evaluation Of Performance ◽  
Computer Controlled ◽  
Leg Muscle

scholarly journals Full-length carbon fiber insole alters lower leg muscle activity in patients with midfoot arthritis

2014 ◽  
Vol 7 (S1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tae Im Yi ◽  
Ji Hye Hwang ◽  
Tae Hee Yoon ◽  
Ji Yang ◽  
Jung Hyun Kim
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Fiber ◽  
Muscle Activity ◽  
Lower Leg ◽  
Full Length ◽  
Leg Muscle

Temporal patterns of plantar pressures and lower-leg muscle activity during walking: effect of speed

2004 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 91-100 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gordon L. Warren ◽  
Ruth M. Maher ◽  
Elizabeth J. Higbie
Keyword(s):  
Muscle Activity ◽  
Temporal Patterns ◽  
Lower Leg ◽  
Plantar Pressures ◽  
Leg Muscle

Reduced lower leg muscle activity while balancing on cobblestone shaped surfaces

2015 ◽  
Vol 41 (2) ◽  
pp. 562-567 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas Horstmann ◽  
Annegret Mündermann ◽  
Walter Rapp
Keyword(s):  
Muscle Activity ◽  
Lower Leg ◽  
Leg Muscle
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