scholarly journals Corrigendum to “The Role of Costimulation Blockade in Solid Organ and Islet Xenotransplantation”

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-2 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kannan P. Samy ◽  
James R. Butler ◽  
Ping Li ◽  
David K. C. Cooper ◽  
Burcin Ekser
Keyword(s):  
Solid Organ ◽  
Costimulation Blockade ◽  
Islet Xenotransplantation

scholarly journals The Role of Costimulation Blockade in Solid Organ and Islet Xenotransplantation

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kannan P. Samy ◽  
James R. Butler ◽  
Ping Li ◽  
David K. C. Cooper ◽  
Burcin Ekser
Keyword(s):  
Future Application ◽  
Solid Organ ◽  
Costimulation Blockade ◽  
Humoral Immune ◽  
Playing Field ◽  
Humoral Immune Responses ◽  
Islet Xenotransplantation ◽  
Genomic Editing ◽  
End Stage ◽  
Human Xenotransplantation

Pig-to-human xenotransplantation offers a potential bridge to the growing disparity between patients with end-stage organ failure and graft availability. Early studies attempting to overcome cross-species barriers demonstrated robust humoral immune responses to discordant xenoantigens. Recent advances have led to highly efficient and targeted genomic editing, drastically altering the playing field towards rapid production of less immunogenic porcine tissues and even the discussion of human xenotransplantation trials. However, as these humoral immune barriers to cross-species transplantation are overcome with advanced transgenics, cellular immunity to these novel xenografts remains an outstanding issue. Therefore, understanding and optimizing immunomodulation will be paramount for successful clinical xenotransplantation. Costimulation blockade agents have been introduced in xenotransplantation research in 2000 with anti-CD154mAb. Most recently, prolonged survival has been achieved in solid organ (kidney xenograft survival > 400 days with anti-CD154mAb, heart xenograft survival > 900 days, and liver xenograft survival 29 days with anti-CD40mAb) and islet xenotransplantation (>600 days with anti-CD154mAb) with the use of these potent experimental agents. As the development of novel genetic modifications and costimulation blocking agents converges, we review their impact thus far on preclinical xenotransplantation and the potential for future application.

scholarly journals Use of Photodynamic Therapy for Treatment of Actinic Keratoses in Organ Transplant Recipients

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christina Wlodek ◽  
Faisal R. Ali ◽  
John T. Lear
Keyword(s):  
Photodynamic Therapy ◽  
Organ Transplant ◽  
Solid Organ ◽  
Transplant Recipients ◽  
Actinic Keratoses ◽  
Organ Transplant Recipients ◽  
Skin Cancers ◽  
Effective Treatment Modality ◽  
Nonmelanoma Skin Cancers

Solid organ transplant recipients are predisposed to actinic keratoses (AK) and nonmelanoma skin cancers, owing to the lifelong immunosuppression required. Today, increasing numbers of organ transplants are being performed and organ transplant recipients (OTRs) are surviving much longer. Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is proving a highly effective treatment modality for AK amongst this susceptible group of patients. Following an overview of the pathogenesis of AK amongst OTRs, the authors review current safety and efficacy data and how this relates to the role of PDT for the treatment of AK in OTRs.

The role of radiotherapy in patients with solid tumours after solid organ transplantation: a systematic review

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. e93-e104
Author(s):  
Rosario Mazzola ◽  
Francesco Cuccia ◽  
Alessandro Bertani ◽  
Slavisa Tubin ◽  
Pier Giulio Conaldi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Organ Transplantation ◽  
Solid Organ Transplantation ◽  
Solid Tumours ◽  
Solid Organ

Role of autoimmunity in organ allograft rejection: a focus on immunity to type V collagen in the pathogenesis of lung transplant rejection

2004 ◽  
Vol 286 (6) ◽  
pp. L1129-L1139 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tina L. Sumpter ◽  
David S. Wilkes
Keyword(s):  
Lung Transplantation ◽  
Lung Transplant ◽  
Transplant Rejection ◽  
Survival Rates ◽  
Definitive Treatment ◽  
Solid Organ ◽  
Type V Collagen ◽  
End Stage ◽  
Type V

Lung transplantation is the only definitive treatment modality for many forms of end-stage lung disease. However, the lung is rejected more often than any other type of solid organ allograft due to chronic rejection known as bronchiolitis obliterans (BO). Indeed, BO is the primary reason why the 5- and 7-yr survival rates are worse for the lung than for any other transplanted organ. Alloimmunity to donor antigens is established as the primary mechanism that mediates rejection responses. However, newer immunosuppressive regimens designed to abrogate alloimmune activation have not improved survival. Therefore, these data suggest that other antigens, unrelated to donor transplantation antigens, are involved in rejection. Utilizing human and rodent studies of lung transplantation, our laboratory has documented that a native collagen, type V collagen [col(V)], is a target of the rejection response. Col(V) is highly conserved; therefore, these data indicate that transplant rejection involves both alloimmune and autoimmune responses. The role of col(V) in lung transplant rejection is described in this review article. In addition, the potential role of regulatory T cells that are crucial to modulating autoimmunity and alloimmunity is also discussed.

scholarly journals Diagnosis of a plasmoblastic lymphoma of the mandible after renal transplantation: a case report

2021 ◽  
Vol 27 (4) ◽  
pp. 46
Author(s):  
Inès Legeard ◽  
Marc-Antoine Chevrollier ◽  
Gérard Bader
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Case Report ◽  
Renal Transplantation ◽  
Epstein Barr Virus ◽  
Solid Organ ◽  
Post Transplant ◽  
Barr Virus ◽  
Non Hodgkin Lymphoma ◽  
Epstein Barr

Introduction: Post-transplant lymphoproliferations (PTL) are a severe complication of solid organ transplants. Their locations can be extra-nodal. Observation: The diagnosis and management of a non-Hodgkin's plasmablastic lymphoma of mandibular localization affecting a 66-year-old kidney transplanted patient are reported here. Comment: The main risk factors for non-Hodgkin lymphoma are immunosuppression and infection with Epstein-Barr virus. Clinical and radiographic examinations, which are not specific, must be supplemented by a histological examination. Treatment which is not consensual will most often consist of a reduction in immunosuppression coupled with chemotherapy. Conclusion: Despite a constant evolution in the incidence and clinical picture of post-transplant lymphomas, the role of the dentist remains essential in the early detection of lesions.

scholarly journals Role of Radiofrequency Ablation in the Management of Unresectable Pancreatic Cancer

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Nadeem Yousaf ◽  
Hamid Ehsan ◽  
Ahmad Muneeb ◽  
Ahsan Wahab ◽  
Muhammad K. Sana ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pancreatic Cancer ◽  
Radiofrequency Ablation ◽  
Surgical Resection ◽  
Retrospective Studies ◽  
Advanced Disease ◽  
Protein Denaturation ◽  
Solid Organ ◽  
Unresectable Pancreatic Cancer ◽  
The Past

Pancreatic cancer is one of the most aggressive malignancies of the digestive tract and carries a poor prognosis. The majority of patients have advanced disease at the time of diagnosis. Surgical resection offers the only curative treatment, but only a small proportion of patients can undergo surgical resection. Radiofrequency ablation (RFA) is a well-known modality in the management of solid organ tumors, however, its utility in the management of pancreatic cancer is under investigation. Since the past decade, there is increasing use of RFA as it provides a feasible palliation treatment in the management of unresectable pancreatic cancer. RFA causes tumor cytoreduction through multiple mechanisms such as coagulative necrosis, protein denaturation, and activation of anticancer immunity. The safety profile of RFA is controversial because of the high risk for complications, however, small prospective and retrospective studies have shown promising results in its applicability for palliative management of unresectable pancreatic malignancies. In this review, we discuss different approaches of RFA, their indications, technical accessibility, safety, and major complications in the management of unresectable pancreatic cancer.

scholarly journals NK Cells Can Trigger Allograft Vasculopathy: The Role of Hybrid Resistance in Solid Organ Allografts

2005 ◽  
Vol 175 (5) ◽  
pp. 3424-3430 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shuichiro Uehara ◽  
Catharine M. Chase ◽  
William H. Kitchens ◽  
Harris S. Rose ◽  
Robert B. Colvin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nk Cells ◽  
Solid Organ ◽  
Allograft Vasculopathy ◽  
Hybrid Resistance

Living Organ Donation Role of Ethics for Improved Clinical Practice

2018 ◽  
pp. 242-259
Author(s):  
Pierpaolo Di Cocco
Keyword(s):  
Organ Donation ◽  
Organ Transplantation ◽  
Financial Incentives ◽  
Ethical Issues ◽  
Supply And Demand ◽  
Solid Organ Transplantation ◽  
Solid Organ ◽  
Live Donor ◽  
Live Donation

Solid organ transplantation represents one of the most important achievements in history of medicine. Over the last decades, the increasing number of transplants has not been of the same extent of the number of patients in the waiting lists. Live donation has been implemented in order to reduce the gap between supply and demand. From an ethical standpoint, the donation process from a live donor seems to violate the traditional first rule of medicine—primum non nocere because inevitably exposes healthy persons to a risk in order to benefit another person. In the chapter will be presented the crucial role of ethics and specific ethical issues in the different forms of live donation, such as financial incentives for living donation, reimbursement in unrelated live donation, minor sibling-to-sibling organ donation. The ethical aspects of live donor organ transplantation are continuously evolving; in order to make this strategy more beneficial and lifesaving, everyone involved in the process should make every possible effort with in mind the best interests of the patients.

Defining the role of angioembolization in pediatric isolated blunt solid organ injury

2020 ◽  
Vol 55 (4) ◽  
pp. 688-692 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert A. Swendiman ◽  
Matthew A. Goldshore ◽  
Stephen J. Fenton ◽  
Michael L. Nance
Keyword(s):  
Organ Injury ◽  
Solid Organ ◽  
Solid Organ Injury
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