scholarly journals Production of Biosurfactants by Soil Fungi Isolated from the Amazon Forest

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hellen Holanda Sena ◽  
Michele Alves Sanches ◽  
Diego Fernando Silva Rocha ◽  
Walter Oliva Pinto Filho Segundo ◽  
Érica Simplício de Souza ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soil Fungi ◽  
Tween 80 ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Biosurfactant Production ◽  
Amazon Forest ◽  
Fermentation Time ◽  
Emulsification Index ◽  
Conventional Surfactant ◽  
Surface Active ◽  
Surface Active Compounds

Biosurfactants are surface-active compounds that have sparked interest in recent years because of their environmental advantages over conventional surfactants. The aim of this study was to investigate the production of biosurfactants by soil fungi isolated from the Amazon forest. Fungi colonies were isolated from soil samples and screened for biosurfactant production in submerged fermentation. In addition, the influences of bioprocess factors (carbon source, nitrogen source, pH, and fermentation time) were investigated. Finally, the biosurfactant produced was semipurified and submitted to stability tests. One hundred fungal cultures were obtained from the soil samples, identified by micromorphology, and submitted to screening for biosurfactant production. Sixty-one strains produced biosurfactants. The strainPenicillium8CC2 showed the highest emulsification index (54.2%). The optimized bioprocess conditions for biosurfactant production byPenicillium8CC2 were as follows: soybean oil, 20 g/L; yeast extract, 30 g/L; pH 9; duration of 9 days. The semipurified biosurfactant showed stability after heating at 100°C for 60 min and after the addition of 30% NaCl (w/v). Tween 80 (0.2% w/v), a conventional surfactant, was used as the control.

scholarly journals Bacteriophage Inactivation at the Air-Water-Solid Interface in Dynamic Batch Systems

1999 ◽  
Vol 65 (3) ◽  
pp. 1186-1190 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shawn S. Thompson ◽  
Marylynn V. Yates
Keyword(s):  
Ionic Strength ◽  
Hydrophobic Surface ◽  
Tween 80 ◽  
Batch Experiments ◽  
Virus Transport ◽  
Viral Inactivation ◽  
Solid Interface ◽  
Batch Systems ◽  
Surface Active ◽  
Surface Active Compounds

ABSTRACT Bacteriophages have been widely used as surrogates for human enteric viruses in many studies on virus transport and fate. In this investigation, the fates of three bacteriophages, MS2, R17, and φX174, were studied in a series of dynamic batch experiments. Both MS2 and R17 readily underwent inactivation in batch experiments where solutions of each phage were percolated through tubes packed with varying ratios of glass and Teflon beads. MS2 and R17 inactivation was the result of exposure to destructive forces at the dynamic air-water-solid interface. φX174, however, did not undergo inactivation in similar studies, suggesting that this phage does not accumulate at air-water interfaces or is not affected by interfacial forces in the same manner. Other batch experiments showed that MS2 and R17 were increasingly inactivated during mixing in polypropylene tubes as the ionic strength of the solution was raised (φX174 was not affected). By the addition of Tween 80 to suspensions of MS2 and R17, phage inactivation was prevented. Our data suggest that viral inactivation in simple dynamic batch experiments is dependent upon (i) the presence of a dynamic air-water-solid interface (where the solid is a hydrophobic surface), (ii) the ionic strength of the solution, (iii) the concentration of surface active compounds in the solution, and (iv) the type of virus used.

scholarly journals Biodegradation of stored jet fuel by a Nocardia sp. isolated from contaminated soil

2009 ◽  
Vol 52 (5) ◽  
pp. 1279-1284 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edelvio de Barros Gomes ◽  
Adriana Ururahy Soriano ◽  
Rita de Cássia Mendonça de Miranda ◽  
Maria de Fátima Vieira de Queiroz Sousa ◽  
Nei Pereira Jr.
Keyword(s):  
Contaminated Soil ◽  
Bacterial Strain ◽  
Jet Fuel ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Nocardia Sp ◽  
Redox Indicator ◽  
Surface Active ◽  
Petroleum Derivatives ◽  
Surface Active Compounds ◽  
Fuel Hydrocarbons

The aim of this study was to investigate the potential of degradation of an autochthonous bacterial strain, isolated from petroleum derivatives contaminated soil samples against jet fuel hydrocarbons. The autochthonous bacterial strain was characterized as Nocardia sp. Evaluation of their degrading abilities was carried out by presumptive assays as redox indicator test and by observations of surface tension decreases in aqueous medium. Degradation of jet fuel hydrocarbons was evaluated by chromatographic methods. Experiments were performed in flasks at two biostimulation rates. A bacterial strain of Pseudomonas aeruginosa UFPEDA 39 was utilized as a reference microorganism. The bacterial strain, identified as Nocardia sp, demonstrate high ability to degrade jet fuel compounds as well as to produce surface active compounds when compared to the reference microrganism.

scholarly journals Application of Biosurfactants in the Medical Field

2019 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 154-166 ◽  
Author(s):  
Atipan SAIMMAI ◽  
Wiboon RIANSA-NGAWONG ◽  
Suppasil MANEERAT ◽  
Paweena DIKIT
Keyword(s):  
Biosurfactant Production ◽  
Medical Field ◽  
Active Compounds ◽  
Chemical Substances ◽  
Surface Active ◽  
Cost Of Production ◽  
Surface Active Compounds

It is generally known that both chemical substances and many kinds of microorganism can be used to produce surfactants or surface-active compounds. Surfactants derived from microorganisms are called biosurfactants, or bio-surface active compounds. Recently, biosurfactants have become more interesting because of their advantages, such as less toxicity and more degradability, which cannot be found in traditional surfactants. Biosurfactant production faces some problems, such as a high cost of production. In the medical field, biosurfactants are attractive, because the products from biosurfactants can be used effectively in small amounts. This can compensate for the high cost of production. In addition, there have been many great discoveries of biosurfactants in the medical field.

scholarly journals Emulsion Formation and Stabilizing Properties of Olive Oil Cake Crude Extracts

Processes ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 633
Author(s):  
Firdaous Fainassi ◽  
Noamane Taarji ◽  
Fatiha Benkhalti ◽  
Abdellatif Hafidi ◽  
Marcos A. Neves ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Olive Oil ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Active Components ◽  
Oil In Water ◽  
Surface Active ◽  
Ph Conditions ◽  
Oil Water ◽  
Surface Active Compounds ◽  
Ionizable Groups ◽  
Emulsifying Ability

The surface-active and emulsifying properties of crude aqueous ethanolic extracts from untreated olive oil cake (OOC) were investigated. OOC extracts contained important concentrations of surface-active components including proteins, saponins and polyphenols (1.2–2.8%, 7.8–9.5% and 0.7–4.5% (w/w), respectively) and reduced the interfacial tension by up to 46% (14.0 ± 0.2 mN m−1) at the oil–water interface. The emulsifying ability of OOC extracts was not correlated, however, with their interfacial activity or surface-active composition. Eighty percent aqueous ethanol extract produced the most stable oil-in-water (O/W) emulsions by high-pressure homogenization. The emulsions had average volume mean droplet diameters of approximately 0.4 µm and negative ζ-potentials of about -45 mV, and were stable for up to 1 month of storage at 5, 25 and 50 °C. They were sensitive, however, to acidic pH conditions (<5) and NaCl addition (≥25 mM), indicating that the main stabilization mechanism is electrostatic due to the presence of surface-active compounds with ionizable groups, such as saponins.

The Isolation and Prospect of Biosurfactants

2012 ◽  
Vol 550-553 ◽  
pp. 1124-1127
Author(s):  
Yun Yun Xu ◽  
Tao Zhang ◽  
Xin Nian Li ◽  
Lei Chen ◽  
Hao Wang
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Remediation ◽  
Oil Production ◽  
Active Compounds ◽  
Strong Interest ◽  
Biological Technology ◽  
Natural Surface ◽  
Potential Applications ◽  
Surface Active ◽  
Surface Active Compounds

Biosurfactants are natural surface-active compounds mainly synthesized by microorganisms, which have distinct advantages like no secondly pollution and friendly to environment compared with chemical surfactants. With the development of modern biological technology, biosurfactants have been shown a variety of potential applications, including medicine, agriculture, oil production and environmental remediation, so it has already caused many researchers a strong interest in the production of biosurfactants making use of biological technology. A review is made from the isolation of biosurfactants. In addition, on the foundation of the analysis,several suggestions about the development of biosurfactants are proposed.

scholarly journals Factorial Design to Optimize Biosurfactant Production byYarrowia lipolytica

2010 ◽  
Vol 2010 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gizele Cardoso Fontes ◽  
Priscilla Filomena Fonseca Amaral ◽  
Marcio Nele ◽  
Maria Alice Zarur Coelho
Keyword(s):  
Surface Tension ◽  
Factorial Design ◽  
Ammonium Sulfate ◽  
Yeast Extract ◽  
Carbon Sources ◽  
Nitrogen Sources ◽  
Biosurfactant Production ◽  
Standard Process ◽  
Emulsification Index ◽  
Full Factorial

In order to improve biosurfactant production byYarrowia lipolyticaIMUFRJ 50682, a factorial design was carried out. A24full factorial design was used to investigate the effects of nitrogen sources (urea, ammonium sulfate, yeast extract, and peptone) on maximum variation of surface tension (ΔST) and emulsification index (EI). The best results (67.7% of EI and 20.9 mNm−1ofΔST) were obtained in a medium composed of 10 g 1−1of ammonium sulfate and 0.5 g 1−1of yeast extract. Then, the effects of carbon sources (glycerol, hexadecane, olive oil, and glucose) were evaluated. The most favorable medium for biosurfactant production was composed of both glucose (4% w/v) and glycerol (2% w/v), which provided an EI of 81.3% and aΔST of 19.5 mN m−1. The experimental design optimization enhancedΔEI by 110.7% andΔST by 108.1% in relation to the standard process.

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