scholarly journals Prevalence and Associations of Hypothyroidism in Indian Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abilash Nair ◽  
C. Jayakumari ◽  
P. K. Jabbar ◽  
R. V. Jayakumar ◽  
Nishant Raizada ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Abdominal Obesity ◽  
Subclinical Hypothyroidism ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
South Asians ◽  
Significant Proportion ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Aged Patients ◽  
Patients With Diabetes

Both type 2 diabetes and hypothyroidism are highly prevalent disorders in the community. The existing data regarding prevalence of hypothyroidism in patients with diabetes comes mostly from small studies. There are only two studies with a sample size of more than 1000 diabetic patients, none of which have been done in South Asians. The present study evaluated patients with type 2 diabetes for presence of hypothyroidism and the clinical factors associated with it. The demographic, anthropometric, clinical, and biochemical parameters of consecutively enrolled patients with diabetes were systematically collected and analyzed. A total of 1152 middle aged patients with type 2 diabetes with a mean duration of diabetes of around 10 years were enrolled. Nearly 40 percent of the patients were obese and overweight, respectively, for South Asian standards and abdominal obesity was seen in around 90% patients. Clinical hypothyroidism (TSH>10 mIU/ml) was present in 113 of patients (9.83%) and another 68 patients (5.9%) had subclinical hypothyroidism (TSH 5-10 mIU/ml). Anemia (odds ratio : 2.19), overweight/obese status (odds ratio 2.07), and known dyslipidemia (odds ratio : 1.99) were found to have independent association with clinical hypothyroidism. HbA1c, abdominal obesity, poor control of hypertension, lipid parameters, microalbuminuria, and renal dysfunction showed no difference among patients with hypothyroidism when compared with euthyroid patients. Subclinical hypothyroid patients had no difference in any of the above analyzed parameters when compared to the euthyroid patients. This study shows that a significant proportion of type 2 diabetes patients suffer from clinical or subclinical hypothyroidism and screening for the same may be appropriate.

scholarly journals Study on Thyroid Dysfunction in Patients with Type-2 Diabetes

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (52) ◽  
pp. 3142-3147
Author(s):  
Senthil Chander ◽  
Kalpana Dev Venkatesan ◽  
Christina Mary Paul
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Subclinical Hypothyroidism ◽  
Thyroid Dysfunction ◽  
General Medicine ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Endocrine Disorders ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Patients With Diabetes

BACKGROUND Diabetes mellitus is one of the leading endocrine disorders worldwide. Thyroid dysfunction is a common endocrine disorder affecting the general population next to diabetes. The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence of thyroid dysfunction among patients with Type 2 diabetes. METHODS This analytical cross sectional study was conducted from June 2019 to Dec 2019. One hundred and fifty type–2 diabetes patients who attended the outpatient clinic of General Medicine Department, ACS Medical College and Hospital were included in the study. A detailed history and examination was done after getting informed consent. Blood samples were collected and sent to the laboratory for the evaluation of thyroid profile. RESULTS Thyroid dysfunction was found in 27 % of the patients with diabetes. Subclinical hypothyroidism was the most common thyroid dysfunction reported (14.7 %) followed by clinical hypothyroidism (10 %), subclinical hyperthyroidism (2 %) and clinical hyperthyroidism (0.6 %). CONCLUSIONS Thyroid dysfunction is common in patients with type-2 diabetes. A substantial proportion of the diabetic patients with thyroid dysfunction have subclinical hypothyroidism. Unidentified thyroid dysfunction could negatively impact diabetes and its complications. Therefore, early and routine screening of thyroid is recommended in all patients with diabetes to reduce the burden of the disease. KEYWORDS Type-2 Diabetes Mellitus, Thyroid Dysfunction, Hypothyroidism

Association of Major Dietary Patterns with General and Abdominal Obesity in Iranian Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

2015 ◽  
Vol 85 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 145-155 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marjan Ghane Basiri ◽  
Gity Sotoudeh ◽  
Mahmood Djalali ◽  
Mohammad Reza Eshraghian ◽  
Neda Noorshahi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Abdominal Obesity ◽  
Dietary Patterns ◽  
Dietary Pattern ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
General Obesity ◽  
Healthy Dietary Pattern

Abstract. Background: The aim of this study was to identify dietary patterns associated with general and abdominal obesity in type 2 diabetic patients. Methods: We included 728 patients (35 - 65 years) with type 2 diabetes mellitus in this cross-sectional study. The usual dietary intake of individuals over 1 year was collected using a validated semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire. Weight, height, and waist circumference were measured according to standard protocol. Results: The two major dietary patterns identified by factor analysis were healthy and unhealthy dietary patterns. After adjustment for potential confounders, subjects in the highest quintile of the healthy dietary pattern scores had a lower odds ratio for the general obesity when compared to the lowest quintile (OR = 0.45, 95 % CI = 0.26 - 0.79, P for trend = 0.02), while patients in the highest quintile of the unhealthy dietary pattern scores had greater odds for the general obesity (OR = 3.2, 95 % CI = 1.8 - 5.9, P for trend < 0.001). There were no significant associations between major dietary patterns and abdominal obesity, even after adjusting for confounding factors. Conclusion: This study shows that in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus, a healthy dietary pattern is inversely associated and an unhealthy dietary pattern is directly associated with general obesity.

Prevalence of Toenail Onychomycosis in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and Evaluation of Risk Factors

2011 ◽  
Vol 101 (1) ◽  
pp. 49-54 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aynur Gulcan ◽  
Erim Gulcan ◽  
Sukru Oksuz ◽  
Idris Sahin ◽  
Demet Kaya
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Fasting Blood Glucose ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Essential Components ◽  
Patients With Diabetes ◽  
Epidemiologic Risk

Background: We sought to determine the frequency of toenail onychomycosis in diabetic patients, to identify the causative agents, and to evaluate the epidemiologic risk factors. Methods: Data regarding patients’ diabetic characteristics were recorded by the attending internal medicine clinician. Clinical examinations of patients’ toenails were performed by a dermatologist, and specimens were collected from the nails to establish the onycomycotic abnormality. All of the specimens were analyzed by direct microscopy and culture. Results: Of 321 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus, clinical onychomycosis was diagnosed in 162; 41 of those diagnoses were confirmed mycologically. Of the isolated fungi, 23 were yeasts and 18 were dermatophytes. Significant correlations were found between the frequency of onychomycosis and retinopathy, neuropathy, obesity, family history, and duration of diabetes. However, no correlation was found with sex, age, educational level, occupation, area of residence, levels of hemoglobin A1c and fasting blood glucose, and nephropathy. The most frequently isolated agents from clinical specimens were yeasts. Conclusions: Long-term control of glycemia to prevent chronic complications and obesity and to promote education about the importance of foot and nail care should be essential components in preventing onychomycosis and its potential complications, such as secondary foot lesions, in patients with diabetes mellitus. (J Am Podiatr Med Assoc 101(1): 49–54, 2011)

scholarly journals Extremely high-dose insulin requirement in a diabetic patient with COVID-19: a case report

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
François R. Jornayvaz ◽  
Benjamin Assouline ◽  
Jérôme Pugin ◽  
Karim Gariani
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Diabetic Patient ◽  
Insulin Requirement ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Intravenous Insulin ◽  
Patients With Diabetes ◽  
Mechanical Ventilation Support ◽  
High Insulin

Abstract Background Detailed description of hyperglycemia management in diabetic patients infected with SARS-CoV-2 remain limited, although patients with diabetes show higher complication and mortality rate than patients without diabetes. Transient non-severe increased insulin requirement in patients hospitalized for medical conditions such as sepsis or myocardial infarction is a well-known phenomenon. However, extremely high-dose insulin requirement remains a very rarely reported entity. Here, we report the case of an extreme and transitory insulin requirement episode in a type 2 diabetic patient presenting an acute respiratory distress syndrome caused by SARS-CoV-2. Case presentation A 57-year-old man resident in Geneva, Switzerland, previously known for type 2 diabetes for 3 years was admitted for an aggravation of his dyspnea. His type 2 diabetes was treated only with metformin and his latest Hb1Ac was 6.1%. Chest CT SCAN showed a bilateral multilobar ground-glass opacification. Twenty-four hours after his admission he presented a worsening of dyspnea and severe hypoxemia requiring a transfer to the intensive care unit rapidly followed by oro-tracheal intubation for mechanical ventilation support. A bronchoalveolar lavage was performed and test of SARS-CoV-2 by RT-qPCR assay was positive. At day 3, he presented a rapidly progressive insulin requirement at a rate of up to 50 units/hour intravenous insulin aspart. Despite the high insulin doses, he maintained an elevated plasma glucose level at 270 mg/dL on average. His extremely high-dose insulin requirement “resolved” at day 9, and the insulin infusion rate was rapidly reduced. Conclusions This case may reflect a specific and profound impact of SARS-CoV-2 on metabolic homeostasis, in particular in diabetic patients that appear more prone to complications of COVID-19 infection. Yet, the mechanisms behind this remain to be elucidated. The optimal management of hyperglycemia of diabetic patients infected with SARS-CoV-2 has yet not be defined, however insulin remain the mainstay of treatment approach. Report of extreme dysregulation of chronic conditions such as diabetes in patients with COVID-19 may help clinicians to better take care of patients during the pandemic of SARS-CoV-2. To the best of our knowledge this is the first description of extremely high-dose insulin requirement in patient with COVID-19.

scholarly journals Evaluation of thyroid dysfunction among type 2 diabetic patients

2014 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 33-37
Author(s):  
Pranav Kumar Raghuwanshi ◽  
Devendra Pratap Singh Rajput ◽  
Bhupendra Kumar Ratre ◽  
Roopesh Jain ◽  
Narmada Patel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Subclinical Hypothyroidism ◽  
Thyroid Dysfunction ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Subclinical Hyperthyroidism ◽  
Type 2 Diabetic Patients ◽  
Type 2 Diabetic

Background: Diabetes mellitus is a very common endocrinal disorders and incidence of thyroid dysfunction also rising in India and world over. Thyroid hormones directly control insulin secretion and insulin clearance. Diabetes also may affect the thyroid function to variable extent first at the level of hypothalamic control of TSH release and second at peripheral tissue by converting T4 to T3. Aims and Objectives: The present study was carried out aiming to evaluate thyroid dysfunction among type 2 diabetes mellitus patients. Material and Methods: Study included total 80 subjects. Thyroid dysfunction was evaluated by investigating the subjects for Total tri-iodo-thyronine (T3), Total thyroxine (T4) and thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH). Plasma glucose was estimated by- GOD-POD method and Thyroid profile was estimated by- CLIA (chemiluminescence immunoassay) system. Statistical analysis was performed using software statistical package for social sciences (SPSS) version 20, unpaired T test, Pearson’s correlation. Results: In type 2 diabetic patients the prevalence of hypothyroidism and subclinical hypothyroidism was found to be 4(10.00%) and 6(15.00%) respectively, while the prevalence of subclinical hyperthyroidism and hyperthyroidism was found to be 0(0.0%) and 1(2.5%) respectively. In non diabetic healthy subjects the prevalence of hypothyroidism and subclinical hypothyroidism was found to be 1(2.5%) and 3(7.5%) respectively while the prevalence of subclinical hyperthyroidism and hyperthyroidism was found to be 0(0.0%) and 0(0.0%) respectively. Conclusion: The prevalence of thyroid dysfunction was found to be higher in type 2 diabetes mellitus subjects as compared to non-diabetic subjects. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/ajms.v6i3.10814Asian Journal of Medical Sciences Vol.6(3) 2015 33-37  

scholarly journals The E23K Variant of KCNJ11 Encoding the Pancreatic β-Cell Adenosine 5′-Triphosphate-Sensitive Potassium Channel Subunit Kir6.2 Is Associated with an Increased Risk of Secondary Failure to Sulfonylurea in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes

2006 ◽  
Vol 91 (6) ◽  
pp. 2334-2339 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giorgio Sesti ◽  
Emanuela Laratta ◽  
Marina Cardellini ◽  
Francesco Andreozzi ◽  
Silvia Del Guerra ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Confidence Interval ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Outcome Measure ◽  
Combined Therapy ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Main Outcome Measure ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Secondary Failure

Abstract Context: Several studies suggest that genetic factors may play a role in the different responses to antidiabetic therapy; however, conclusive evidence is still lacking. Objective: The objective of the study was to investigate whether diabetic patients carrying the E23K variant in KCNJ11 are at increased risk for secondary sulfonylurea failure. Design: Secondary sulfonylurea failure was defined as fasting plasma glucose greater than 300 mg/dl despite sulfonylurea-metformin combined therapy and appropriate diet, in the absence of other conditions causing hyperglycemia. Setting: The study was conducted in an ambulatory care facility. Patients: A total of 525 Caucasian type 2 diabetic patients were enrolled in the study. Intervention: Sulfonylurea treatment was followed by sulfonylurea-metformin combined therapy and then insulin treatment. Main Outcome Measure: Secondary failure was the main outcome measure. Results: Of the diabetic patients enrolled in the study, 38.5% were E23E homozygous, 51.4% were E23K heterozygous, and 10.1% were K23K homozygous. The frequency of carriers of the K allele was 58 and 66.8% among patients treated with oral therapy or secondary sulfonylurea failure, respectively (odds ratio, 1.45; 95% confidence interval, 1.01–2.09; P = 0.04). Adjustment for age, gender, fasting glycemia, glycosylated hemoglobin, age at diagnosis, and duration of diabetes in a logistic regression analysis did not change this association (odds ratio, 1.69; 95% confidence interval, 1.02–2.78; P = 0.04). Islets isolated from carriers of the K allele showed no differences in glucose-stimulated insulin secretion and a tendency toward reduced response upon glibenclamide stimulation (P = 0.09). After 24-h exposure to high (16.7 mmol/liter) glucose concentration, impairment of glibenclamide-induced insulin release was significantly (P = 0.01) worse with the E23K variant. Conclusions: These data suggest that the E23K variant in KCNJ11 may influence the variability in the response of patients to sulfonylureas, thus representing an example of pharmacogenetics in type 2 diabetes.

scholarly journals 564 Cardiac magnetic resonance myocardial feature tracking for optimized risk assessment after acute myocardial infarction in patients with type 2 diabetes

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
J T Kowallick ◽  
S J Backhaus ◽  
T Stiermaier ◽  
T Lange ◽  
J L Navarra ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Acute Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Feature Tracking ◽  
Multivariable Analysis ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Patients With Diabetes

Abstract Objective Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) associates with worse cardiovascular outcome following acute myocardial infarction (AMI) as compared to non-diabetic patients. Since the mechanisms behind these observations are not fully understood we aimed to quantify the underlying pathophysiology on ventricular and atrial levels and study their prognostic implications using cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) quantitative feature-tracking (FT) and tissue characterization. Research Design and Methods: A total of 1147 consecutive patients with AMI (n = 265 with diabetes; n = 882 without diabetes) undergoing cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) imaging in median 3 days after AMI were included in this multicenter study. Left ventricular (LV) function and volumetry included LV ejection fraction (LV-EF), global longitudinal (GLS), radial (GRS) and circumferential strain (GCS) as well as left atrial (LA) strain and strain rate parameters of LA reservoir, conduit and booster pump function. LV damage assessment included infarct size (IS), edema and microvascular obstruction (MO). The clinical study endpoint was the rate of major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) at 12 months. Results T2DM patients had impaired LA reservoir (19.8 vs. 21.2%, p &lt; 0.01) and conduit strains 7.6 vs. 9.0%, p &lt; 0.01) but no differences in ventricular function or myocardial damage. They were at higher risk of MACE than non-diabetic patients (10.2% vs. 5.8%, p &lt; 0.01) with the majority of MACE occurring in patients with LVEF ≥ 35%. Whilst LVEF was an independent predictor of adverse events in non-diabetic patients (p = 0.04 on multivariable analysis), LV GLS as well as LA strain emerged as independent predictors of poor prognosis in patients with diabetes (p &lt; 0.02 on multivariable analysis). Considering patients with diabetes and LVEF ≥35% (n = 237), GLS and LA reservoir strain below median were significantly associated with higher 12-month event rates. Conclusions In patients with diabetes, LA and LV longitudinal strain permit optimized risk assessment early after reperfused AMI with incremental prognostic value over and above LVEF.

scholarly journals Interaction between heavy smoking and CYP2A6 genotypes on type 2 diabetes and its possible pathways

2011 ◽  
Vol 165 (6) ◽  
pp. 961-967 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tao Liu ◽  
Wei-Qing Chen ◽  
Sean P David ◽  
Rachel F Tyndale ◽  
Hui Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Insulin Secretion ◽  
Abdominal Obesity ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Serum Cotinine ◽  
Heavy Smoking

ObjectiveTo explore the interactions between smoking andCYP2A6genotypes on type 2 diabetes (T2DM) as well as potential pathways for smoking in causing T2DM.DesignCross-sectional study.MethodsA total of 1344 smokers with complete data from a community-based T2DM survey in Guangzhou and Zhuhai of China from July 2006 to June 2007 were interviewed with a structured questionnaire about socio-demographic status and daily cigarette consumption. Serum glucose, insulin, and cotinine were measured after an overnight fast. Subjects were genotyped forCYP2A6and classified, according to genotype, into normal, intermediate, slow, or poor nicotine metabolizers based on prior knowledge ofCYP2A6allele associations with nicotine C-oxidation rate. Abdominal obesity was defined as a waist-to-hip ratio ≥0.90 for males or ≥0.85 for females. Type 2 diabetic patients (n=154) were diagnosed according to WHO 1999 criteria. Chi-square tests, multivariate logistic regression models, and a structural equation model were used in this study.ResultsMultivariate analysis indicated that, compared with light smoking, heavy smoking significantly increased the risk of T2DM (odds ratio (OR)=1.75, 95% CI=1.01–3.05). There were significant interactions between heavy smoking and slowCYP2A6(OR=5.12, 95% CI=1.08–24.23) and poorCYP2A6metabolizer genotypes (OR=8.54, 95% CI=1.28–57.02) on T2DM. Structural equation modeling indicated thatCYP2A6moderation of smoking quantity risk on T2DM was mediated by the effects on serum cotinine, abdominal obesity, insulin resistance, and insulin secretion.ConclusionsHeavy smoking was significantly associated with T2DM, and this association was moderated byCYP2A6genotype and mediated by serum cotinine, abdominal obesity, insulin resistance, and insulin secretion.

COMPARATIVE HEMATOLOGICAL STUDY OF TYPE 2 DIABETIC AND NON-DIABETIC PATIENTS IN ERODE DISTRICT, TAMIL NADU

2021 ◽  
pp. 29-30
Author(s):  
Murugesan Thinakaran ◽  
Thangadurai Chitra
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Tamil Nadu ◽  
Haematological Parameters ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Type 2 Diabetic Patients ◽  
Hematological Indices ◽  
Patients With Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetic

Background And Objectives: Previous studies have shown that hematological alterations are a common nding in patients with diabetes. To aim of our study was to explore the hematological indices in type 2 diabetic patients compared with non-diabetic individual. Establish the role of haematological parameters as an early prevention strategy. Materialand Method: Two hundred and forty-six subjects were recruited for this study, one hundred and fourteen with type 2 diabetes and One hundred and thirty-two non-diabetes, were evaluated for haematological parameters using hematologic analyzer. All the information's about the disease was collected with the knowledge of the patients form the concern hospital and laboratory. Results And Conclusions: Results were compared with the same measurements in 132 subjects without diabetes mellitus. The haematological prole associated with Type2 diabetic patients signicantly reduced Hb, RBCs, PCV and MCV than Non diabetes. Increased MCHC and WBCs were noted in Type2 diabetes. Our ndings suggest the need of screening for routine hematological tests in type 2 diabetes mellitus

Association of vitamin D receptor gene polymorphisms with type 2 diabetes mellitus in Taif population: a case-control study

2024 ◽  
Vol 84 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Q. Alkhedaide ◽  
A. Mergani ◽  
A. A. Aldhahrani ◽  
A. Sabry ◽  
M. M. Soliman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Vitamin D ◽  
Relative Risk ◽  
Vitamin D Receptor ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
P Value ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Similar Data

Abstract Several reasons may underlie the dramatic increase in type2 diabetes mellitus. One of these reasons is the genetic basis and variations. Vitamin D receptor polymorphisms are associated with different diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis and diabetes. The aim of this study is to investigate the possible association of two identified mutations ApaI (rs7975232) and TaqI (rs731236). Eighty-nine healthy individuals and Fifty-six Type 2 Diabetic (T2D) patients were investigated using RFLP technique for genotyping and haplotyping as well. The distribution of Apal genotypes was not statistically significant among the control (P=0.65) as well as for diabetic patients (P=0.58). For Taql allele frequencies of T allele was 0.61 where of G allele was 0.39. The frequency distribution of Taql genotypes was not statistically significant among the control (P=0.26) as well as diabetic patients (P=0.17). Relative risk of the allele T of Apa1 gene is 1.28 and the odds ratio of the same allele is 1.53, while both estimates were < 1.0 of the allele G. Similarly, with the Taq1 gene the relative risk and the odds ratio values for the allele T are 1.09 and 1.27 respectively and both estimates of the allele C were 0.86 for the relative risk and 0.79 for the odds ratio. The pairwise linkage disequilibrium between the two SNPs Taq1/apa1 was statistically significant in control group (D = 0.218, D' = 0.925 and P value < 0.001) and similar data in diabetic groups (D = 0.2, D' = 0.875 and P value < 0.001). These data suggest that the T allele of both genes Apa1 and Taq1 is associated with the increased risk of type 2 diabetes. We think that we need a larger number of volunteers to reach a more accurate conclusion.

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