scholarly journals Occurrences of Indigestible Foreign Bodies in Cattle Slaughtered at Morogoro Municipal Slaughterhouse, Tanzania

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. F. Bwatota ◽  
M. Makungu ◽  
H. E. Nonga
Keyword(s):  
Body Condition ◽  
Foreign Bodies ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Frequency Of Occurrence ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Solid Waste Disposal ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Slaughter Cattle ◽  
Plastic Bags ◽  
Good Body Condition

A cross-sectional study was conducted to determine the occurrence of indigestible foreign bodies (IFB) in cattle slaughtered at Morogoro Municipal Slaughterhouse, Tanzania. A total of 387 slaughter cattle were examined for presence of IFB. Out of 387 examined cattle, 93 (24.03%) had IFB in their forestomachs. The observed IFB were plastic bags, fruit seeds, clothing materials, ropes, hairballs, leather materials, stones, metallic nails, and wire. Plastic bags were the most frequently (50.5%) observed IFB followed by fruit seeds (18.3%). A significantly (p<0.05) high proportion of old animals (31.7%) had IFB compared to the young animals (21.2%). Similarly, the frequency of occurrence of IFB was significantly high (p<0.05) in crossbred dairy cattle (42.3%) compared to local breeds (22.7%). Cattle that appeared with poor body condition (37.8%) were found to be more affected (p<0.05) by IFB than those with good body condition (15.9%). In 91.4% of animals which had IFB, all the materials were located in the rumen. This study showed that presence of IFB is a common problem in cattle slaughtered at Morogoro Municipal Slaughterhouse and may significantly cause poor production and mortality in affected animals. Therefore, appropriate solid waste disposal should be implemented.

scholarly journals A postmortem study on indigestible foreign bodies in the rumen and reticulum of ruminants, eastern Ethiopia

2015 ◽  
Vol 82 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Seifu Negash ◽  
Berhanu Sibhat ◽  
Desie Sheferaw
Keyword(s):  
Body Condition ◽  
Foreign Bodies ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Eastern Ethiopia ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Domestic Ruminants ◽  
Collaborative Intervention ◽  
Good Body Condition ◽  
Major Factors

A cross-sectional study was conducted on ruminants (cattle, sheep and goats) slaughtered at Haramaya University and Haramaya municipal abattoirs from November 2013 to April 2014 in Haramaya, eastern Ethiopia. The objective of the study was to identify types and estimate the prevalence of foreign bodies in the rumen and reticulum of domestic ruminants in the area. From 810 randomly selected study animals, 422 (52.1%) were found to have foreign bodies. Of the 332 cattle, 193 sheep and 285 goats examined, 144 (43.4%), 109 (56.5%) and 169 (59.3%) respectively were found with various types of foreign bodies. The prevalence of foreign bodies was significantly (χ2 = 17.53, p < 0.05) higher in sheep (59.3%) and goats (56.7%) than in cattle (43.4%). Overall the prevalence of foreign bodies in study animals with poor body condition was significantly higher (χ2 = 38.57, p < 0.05) than in those with medium and good body condition. A higher percentage of foreign bodies occurred in the rumen alone (87.9%) than in the reticulum alone (5.0%), with the rest present in both. Significantly higher proportions of foreign bodies were observed in the rumen of cattle (χ2 = 332, p < 0.05), sheep (χ2 = 193, p < 0.05) and goats (χ2 = 285.0, p = 0.000) than in the reticulum. Plastic was the most commonly encountered (79.2%) foreign body, followed by cloth (15.3%) and rope (12.3%). In addition, metal (0.9%) and calcified material and/or stone (1.0%) were found in the reticulum of cattle. Lack of a plastic waste disposal system in the area as well as communal/free grazing of livestock in highly waste-polluted areas seemed to be major factors in the high occurrence of foreign bodies in ruminants. To change this, collaborative intervention schemes involving professionals, policy makers, livestock keepers and environmental activists are needed.

scholarly journals Prevalence of Ovine Haemonchosis in Wukro, Ethiopia

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lidya Gebresilassie ◽  
Berihun Afera Tadele
Keyword(s):  
Body Condition ◽  
Haemonchus Contortus ◽  
Significant Variation ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Highly Pathogenic ◽  
Good Body Condition ◽  
Associated Risk Factors ◽  
Female Sheep ◽  
Important Disease

Background.Haemonchosiscaused byHaemonchus contortusis a predominant, highly pathogenic, and economically important disease of sheep and goats.Objective. Assessing the prevalence ofHaemonchusparasite and its associated risk factors in sheep slaughtered at different restaurants of Wukro.Methods. Cross-sectional study using random sampling from November 2013 to April 2014 in a total of 384 sheep was conducted and SPSS version 20 software using descriptive statistics was used for data analysis andP<0.05was considered significant.Result. The overall prevalence ofHaemonchus contortuswas 40.9% (n=157). The prevalence in medium body condition 27.3% (n=105) varies significantly from that of good body condition 13.5% (n=52) (P<0.05). Moreover, there was significant variation (P<0.05) in the prevalence in young and adult sheep with rates of 21.9% (n=84) and 19% (n=73), respectively. At the same time, there is significant variation (P<0.05) in male and female sheep with prevalence of 29.7% (n=114) and 11.2% (n=43), respectively. The prevalence of 25.3% (n=97) in sheep that originated from Negash compared to Wukro and Agulae showed no significant variation (P>0.05).Conclusion. The current finding revealed that significant numbers of sheep were affected by the parasites. Hence strategic deworming with good husbandry practice should be implemented.

scholarly journals Epidemiology of Back Pain in Children and Youth Aged 10–19 from the Area of the Southeast of Poland

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Agnieszka Kędra ◽  
Dariusz Czaprowski
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Back Pain ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Children And Youth ◽  
Frequency Of Occurrence ◽  
Common Phenomenon ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Lumbar Segment ◽  
The Cross

Objective. The aim of this work was to define the prevalence of back pain in children and youth aged 10–19 from the southeast of Poland.Material and Methods. The cross-sectional study included 1089 students (547 girls and 542 boys) aged 10–19. The prevalence of back pain, its intensity, location, and situations in which it occurred were assessed with a questionnaire.Results. Among 1089 respondents, 830 (76.2%) admitted that they had experienced back pain at various frequencies within the year preceding the study. Back pain was located mainly in the lumbar segment (74.8%). Mild pains were dominant, which was declared by 44.7% of the respondents. Girls experienced back pain significantly more frequently than boys (52.2% versus 47.8%,P<0.05).Conclusions. The research revealed that back pain is a common phenomenon. The prevalence of back pain in children and youth living in southeast Poland is similar to the frequency of occurrence of such complaints occurring in peers in other countries. It seems significant to monitor the remaining regions of Poland in order to define the scale of the problem and to look for the risk factors of back pain in children and youth to undertake efficient prophylactic actions.

scholarly journals Bacteriological quality of household drinking water in North Gondar Zone, Ethiopia; a community-based cross-sectional study

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
Author(s):  
Atalay Getachew ◽  
Alebachew Tadie ◽  
Daniel Haile Chercos ◽  
Tadesse Guadu ◽  
Marta Alemayehu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Occupational Status ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Faecal Coliform ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Solid Waste Disposal ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Faecal Contamination ◽  
North Gondar Zone

AbstractEthiopia is one of the developing countries where only 52% of its population have access to safe drinking water. To determine the level of faecal contamination in drinking water, the E. coli has been found to be the most specific indicator. The purpose of this study was to determine household bacteriological drinking water quality and its associated factors in rural North Gondar Zone Ethiopia. A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted in rural parts of North Gondar Zone from April to June, 2016. Water samples from water storage at household level were taken using standardized water sampling techniques to determine the level of faecal contamination. Face-to-face interview using structured questionnaires and checklist were used to identify the associated factors. A total of 736 households participated in this study. The prevalence of positive faecal coliform in the households is found to be 72.6% (95%C.I; 69.4–75.8). In multivariate analysis; occupational status [AOR; 0.35, 95%; CI (0.16,0.77)], income [(AOR);0.45, 95%; CI (0.3, 0.68)], type of solid waste disposal habit [AOR; 0.16, 95%; CI (0.36, 0.66)], source of water [AOR; 0.42, 95%; CI (0.28, 0.65)], shortage of water [AOR; 2.8, 95%; CI (1.88, 4)] were variables identified as predictors for faecal coliform contamination of water in the household. There is high level of faecal contamination of household drinking water in North Gondar Zone. Occupational status, income, solid waste disposal habit, sources of drinking water, and shortage of water were predictor for presence of faecal coliform contamination in household drinking water.

scholarly journals Fore-Stomach Foreign Bodies: prevalence, associated risk factors and types affecting cattle slaughtered at Gondar ELFORA abattoir, northwest Ethiopia

2020 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 112-122
Author(s):  
Amare Bihon ◽  
Teketaye Bayeleyegn ◽  
Ayalew Assefa ◽  
Yimer Muktar
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Foreign Body ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Foreign Bodies ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Northwest Ethiopia ◽  
Solid Waste Disposal ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Adult Cattle ◽  
Associated Risk Factors

In Ethiopia, recurrent drought and feed shortage coupling with high level of environmental pollution predispose the animals to foreign body  ingestion. A cross-sectional study with systematic random sampling approach was employed from November 2018 to April, 2019 with the objectives of estimating the prevalence; identify associated risk factors and to categorize the types of foreign body in cattle slaughtered at Gondar ELFORA Abattoir. Ante-mortem and postmortem examinations were used to collect the data. From the total of 384 animals examined, the overall prevalence of foreign body was 83(21.61%). Adult and old animals were 4.33 (95% CI=0.98, 19.00, p=0.052) and 4.54 (95% CI=1.03, 19.96, p=0.045) times more likely to have a chance of getting foreign body than young animals by keeping another factors constant, respectively. However, the difference is not statistically significant for adult cattle. Moreover, poor and medium body conditioned animals were 2.19 (95% CI=1.04, 4.56, p=0.037) and 1.51 (95% CI=0.72, 3.13, p=0.273) times more likely to acquire foreign bodies than good body conditioned animals by keeping another factors constant. In the positive cases (N=83), 41(49.40%), 34(40.96%), 8(9.64%) and 0(0%) of the foreign bodies were found in the rumen, reticulum, both rumen and reticulum, and omasum, respectively. Majority of foreign bodies identified (79.51%) were non-metallic in nature, including clothes, plastics, rope,  sand and stone. Designing and implementation of appropriate solid waste disposal and management practices are strongly recommended to reduce the risk of ingestion of indigestible foreign bodies. Keyword: Abattoir; Cattle; Foreign body; Fore stomach; Prevalence

scholarly journals Seasonal Variation in the Occurrence of Retinal Vein Occlusion: A 4-Year Cross-sectional Study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Moe Matsuzawa ◽  
Yoshihito Sakanishi ◽  
Nobuyuki Ebihara
Keyword(s):  
Seasonal Variation ◽  
Retinal Vein Occlusion ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Frequency Of Occurrence ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Hypertension Status ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Vein Occlusion ◽  
Chi Squared ◽  
Retinal Vascular Disease

Abstract Background: Retinal vein occlusion (RVO) is a common retinal vascular disease that causes a loss of vision. Therefore, we investigated whether there is seasonal variation in the onset of RVO, to examine the possibility of preventing it.Methods: Patients with RVO who were treated at the Juntendo University Urayasu Hospital between April 2013 and March 2017 were included in this retrospective study. The season in which the RVO occurred was recorded for each case, and the cases were grouped into six 2-month periods based on the month of RVO, and classified by age, sex and hypertension status. The frequency of occurrence of RVO across seasons was compared using a chi-squared test.Results: A total of 348 patients with RVO presented during the study period, with information regarding the date of RVO onset. The cohort of 348 consisted of 167 males and 181 females who, overall, had a mean age of 64.0 years (range 17–96 years). The highest incidence of RVO onset was during January/February, with the lowest incidence during July/August. Patient age, sex and hypertension status did not influence the results.Conclusions: The seasonal onset of RVO tended to be higher in January/February and May/June, and lower in July/August. These findings suggest that eyecare professionals should be more vigilant in watching for the occurrence of RVO during winter and the rainy season, regardless of the patient’s sex, age or hypertension status.

scholarly journals Incidence of Maxillofacial Trauma Associated with Complications of Airway

2017 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Carolina Valencia ◽  
Andres Aguirre
Keyword(s):  
Airway Management ◽  
Foreign Bodies ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Maxillofacial Trauma ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Malar Bone ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Convenience Sample ◽  
Airway Complications ◽  
Level Institution

Summary: Objective: To determine the incidence of the maxillofacial traumaand its relationship with airway complications in a third level institution of Santiago de Cali.Materials and Methods: In this cross sectional study, a convenience sample was taken from clinicalrecords of patients older than15 years with clinical diagnosis of maxillofacial trauma, from January1st to December 31st, 2005. A total of 331 clinical histories were reviewed. After selectioncriteria were applied, a total of 199 clinical histories were selected. Results: A greaterproportion of men (81.4 %) were affected by maxillofacial trauma. The major cause of trauma wastraffic accident (89 %). Malar bone was the most affected by fracture (29 cases). Thirteen of 199cases required airway management, due to neurological compromise or active hemorrhages, as well asobstruction of airway caused by foreign bodies. Conclusions: Major maxillofacial traumas areassociated with airway compromise and its clearance becomes difficult by the disruption of faceanatomy. Key words: Airway management. Maxillofacial trauma. Airway obstruction.

scholarly journals Study on the Prevalence of Ovine Fasciolosis in Wadla Woreda, North Wollo, Ethiopia

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Yeshibely Girma
Keyword(s):  
Body Condition ◽  
Control Strategies ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Intermediate Hosts ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Sedimentation Technique ◽  
The Difference ◽  
North Wollo ◽  
Body Condition Scores

A cross - sectional study on the prevalence of ovine fasciolosis was conducted in Wadla district from October 2016 to June 2017. A total of 384 fecal samples were randomly collected directly from the rectum of individual animals. Parasitological investigation was performed using sedimentation technique. From a total of 384 copro - logical ly examined samples 130 sheep were found positive for fasciolosis with an overall prevalence of 33.85%. From the study peasant association Kone, Dorera, Betehar, Beteyohannis and Gashena were accounted for 34.61%, 32.47%, 32.89%, 35.06% and 34.21 % respect ively. The difference in the prevalence in the five peasant associations was not statistically significant (p> 0.05). The prevalence of ovine fasciolosis was computed for the different age, sex and body condition categories. The prevalence rate of fasciolo sis in young sheep 32.43% was less than 34.75% and the difference were not statistically significant (p>0.05). The prevalence of fasciolosis in sex groups in the present study was 34.69%, 32.98% in female and male respectively. On the other hand in the pre sent study area the prevalence of fasciolosis was found to be higher in sheep with poor body condition than those with medium and good body conditions with prevalence of 36.5%, 33.88% and 27.03% respectively. There is no statistically difference (p>0.05) b etween three types of body condition scores. It was concluded that ovine fasciolosis was prevalent, thus causing major economic lass in the study area. Hence, control strategies targeted on the parasite and the intermediate hosts as well as implementation of appropriate grazing management in the study area are warranted.

scholarly journals Prevalence of nursing diagnoses of breastfeeding in the mother-infant dyad in basic health unit

Rev Rene ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ocilia Maria Costa Carvalho ◽  
Karolina Rodrigues Silva ◽  
Lívia Zulmyra Cintra Andrade ◽  
Viviane Martins da Silva ◽  
Marcos Venícios De Oliveira Lopes
Keyword(s):  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Family Health ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Frequency Of Occurrence ◽  
Health Unit ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Maternal Confidence ◽  
Nursing Diagnoses ◽  
Scale Data

A cross-sectional study conducted with 28 mother-infant dyads, users of a Family Health Center of Fortaleza-CE, Brazil, that aimed to identify the nursing diagnoses of breastfeeding, their frequency of occurrence, defining characteristics, and the value of maternal confidence based on the breastfeeding self-efficacy scale. Data collection happened during September and October 2010, using interviews, anamnesis, and physical examination of the dyad. The most prevalent diagnosis was Effective breastfeeding (50%). The breastfeeding self-efficacy scale revealed significance in the presence of the nursing diagnoses Effective breastfeeding and the absence of Interrupted breastfeeding. Although the diagnosis Effective breastfeeding presented a significant occurrence, we verified the need for effective actions of nurses in the breastfeeding process.

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