scholarly journals Feedforward Feedback Pitch Control for Wind Turbine Based on Feedback Linearization with Sliding Mode and Fuzzy PID Algorithm

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Haijun Ren ◽  
Hao Zhang ◽  
Guang Deng ◽  
Bin Hou
Keyword(s):  
Time Delay ◽  
Feedback Control ◽  
Wind Turbine ◽  
Wind Turbines ◽  
Feedback Linearization ◽  
Sliding Mode ◽  
Feedforward Control ◽  
Fuzzy Algorithm ◽  
Pid Algorithm ◽  
Feedforward Loop

After exceeding rated power, variable speed variable pitch wind turbines need to keep output powers at rated value by adopting pitch angles. With the typical nonlinear characteristics of the wind turbines, it is difficult to control accurately by conventional linear controller. Though feedback control can realize the stability of the system, it is effective only when deviations are produced. As such, feedforward control can be applied to compensate the time-delay produced by feedback control. Accordingly, we propose a compound control strategy that combines feedback controller with feedforward controller in this paper. In feedback loop, we adopt fuzzy algorithm to adjust the parameters of PID controller. Furthermore, to overcome large variation of input wind speed, variable universe theory is proposed to optimize fuzzy algorithm. In feedforward loop, we propose feedback linearization to address nonlinear problem. Furthermore, sliding mode algorithm is supplied to improve the robustness of feedback linearization. Therefore, feedforward loop can efficiently compensate time-delay deficiency of wind turbine systems. Simulation results show that the proposed controller can enhance the control accuracy and robustness of the system.

scholarly journals Model-Based Design Approach to Improve Performance Characteristics of Hydrostatic Bearing Using Multivariable Optimization

Mathematics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 388
Author(s):  
Waheed Ur Rehman ◽  
Xinhua Wang ◽  
Yiqi Cheng ◽  
Yingchun Chen ◽  
Hasan Shahzad ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Model ◽  
Feedback Control ◽  
External Load ◽  
Sliding Mode ◽  
Feedforward Control ◽  
Spindle Speed ◽  
Performance Criteria ◽  
Model Based ◽  
Hydrostatic Bearings ◽  
Robust Control Design

Research in the field of tribo-mechatronics has been gaining popularity in recent decades. The objective of the current research is to improve static/dynamics characteristics of hydrostatic bearings. Hydrostatic bearings always work in harsh environmental conditions that effect their performance, and which may even result in their failure. The current research proposes a mathematical model-based system for hydrostatic bearings that helps to improve its static/dynamic characteristics under varying conditions of performance-influencing variables such as temperature, spindle speed, external load, and clearance gap. To achieve these objectives, the capillary restrictors are replaced with servo valves, and a mathematical model is developed along with robust control design systems. The control system consists of feedforward and feedback control techniques that have not been applied before for hydrostatic bearings in the published literature. The feedforward control tries to remove a disturbance before it enters the system while feedback control achieves the objective of disturbance rejection and improves steady-state characteristics. The feedforward control is a trajectory-based controller and the feedback controller is a sliding mode controller with a PID sliding surface. The particle swarm optimization algorithm is used to tune the 6-dimensional vector of the tuning parameters with multi-objective performance criteria. Numerical investigations have been carried out to check the performance of the proposed system under varying conditions of viscosity, clearance gap, external load and the spindle speed. The comparison of our results with the published literature shows the effectiveness of the proposed system.

scholarly journals A Feedback Control Loop Optimisation Methodology for Floating Offshore Wind Turbines

Energies ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (18) ◽  
pp. 3490 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joannes Olondriz ◽  
Josu Jugo ◽  
Iker Elorza ◽  
Santiago Alonso-Quesada ◽  
Aron Pujana-Arrese
Keyword(s):  
Feedback Control ◽  
Wind Turbine ◽  
Wind Turbines ◽  
Offshore Wind ◽  
Control Loop ◽  
Control Loops ◽  
Offshore Wind Turbines ◽  
Wind Turbine System ◽  
Floating Offshore Wind Turbines ◽  
The Cost

Wind turbines usually present several feedback control loops to improve or counteract some specific performance or behaviour of the system. It is common to find these multiple feedback control loops in Floating Offshore Wind Turbines where the system perferformance is highly influenced by the platform dynamics. This is the case of the Aerodynamic Platform Stabiliser and Wave Rejection feedback control loops which are complementaries to the conventional generator speed PI control loop when it is working in an above rated wind speed region. The multiple feedback control loops sometimes can be tedious to manually improve the initial tuning. Therefore, this article presents a novel optimisation methodology based on the Monte Carlo method to automatically improve the manually tuned multiple feedback control loops. Damage Equivalent Loads are quantified for minimising the cost function and automatically update the control parameters. The preliminary results presented here show the potential of this novel optimisation methodology to improve the mechanical fatigue loads of the desired components whereas maintaining the overall performance of the wind turbine system. This methodology provides a good balance between the computational complexity and result effectiveness. The study is carried out with the fully coupled non-linear NREL 5-MW wind turbine model mounted on the ITI Energy’s barge and the FASTv8 code.

scholarly journals Robust fault estimation of a blade pitch and drivetrain system in wind turbine model

2020 ◽  
pp. 107754632092627
Author(s):  
Seyedeh Hamideh Sedigh Ziyabari ◽  
Mahdi Aliyari Shoorehdeli ◽  
Madjid Karimirad
Keyword(s):  
Wind Turbine ◽  
Wind Turbines ◽  
Sliding Mode ◽  
Sliding Mode Observer ◽  
Fault Estimation ◽  
Unknown Input ◽  
Unknown Input Observer ◽  
Reduced Order ◽  
Unknown Inputs ◽  
Estimation Scheme

In this article, a novel robust fault estimation scheme to ensure efficient and reliable operation of wind turbines has been presented. Wind turbines are complex systems with large flexible structures that work under very turbulent and unpredictable environmental conditions for a variable electrical grid. The proposed observer-based estimation scheme consists of a set of possible faults affecting the dynamics, sensors, and actuators of wind turbines. First, the pitch and drivetrain system faults occur simultaneously with process and sensor disturbances that are called unknown input signals. Second, through a series of coordinate transformations, the faulty subsystem is decoupled from the rest of the system. The first subsystem is affected by unknown inputs, and the second one is affected by faults. A reduced-order unknown input observer is designed to reconstruct states accurately, whereas a reduced-order sliding mode observer is designed for the second subsystem such that it is robust against unknown inputs and faults. Moreover, the reduced-order unknown input observer guarantees the asymptotic stability of the error dynamics using the Lyapunov theory method and completely removes unknown inputs; on the other hand, the reduced-order sliding mode observer is designed to reconstruct faults for the faulty subsystem accurately. Until now, authors only focused on an unknown input signal in the dynamics of the system, especially in nonlinear systems. The estimated fault will be adequate to accommodate the control loop, and sufficient conditions are developed to guarantee the stability of the state estimation error. In the next step, to figure the effectiveness of the proposed approach, a wind turbine benchmark system model is considered with faults and unknown inputs scenarios. The simulation results are used to validate the robustness of the proposed algorithms under noise conditions, and the results show that the algorithm could classify faults robustly.

The Relevance of the Dynamic Stall Effect for Transient Fault Operations of Active-Stall Wind Turbines

2005 ◽  
Vol 29 (4) ◽  
pp. 353-364 ◽  
Author(s):  
Clemens Jauch ◽  
Poul Sørensen ◽  
Birgitte Bak Jensen
Keyword(s):  
Time Delay ◽  
Wind Turbine ◽  
Wind Turbines ◽  
Active Power ◽  
The Other ◽  
Dynamic Stall ◽  
Transient Fault

This article describes a methodology to quantify the influence of dynamic stall on transient fault operations of active-stall turbines. The model of the dynamic stall effect is introduced briefly. The behaviour of the dynamic stall model during a transient fault operation is described mathematically, and from this its effect quantified. Two quantities are chosen to describe the influence of the dynamic stall effect: one is active power and the other is time delay. Subsequently a transient fault scenario is simulated with and without the dynamic stall effect and the differences discussed. From this comparison, the conclusion is drawn that the dynamic stall effect has some influence on the post-fault behaviour of the wind turbine, and it is hence suggested that the dynamic stall effect is considered if an active-stall wind turbine is to be modelled realistically.

Torsional Vibrations in the Drivetrain of DFIG- and PMG-Based Wind Turbines: Comparison and Mitigation

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fariba Fateh ◽  
Warren N. White ◽  
Don Gruenbacher
Keyword(s):  
Wind Turbine ◽  
Wind Turbines ◽  
Sliding Mode ◽  
Torsional Vibrations ◽  
Doubly Fed Induction Generator ◽  
Voltage Dip ◽  
Power Oscillations ◽  
Control Scheme ◽  
Doubly Fed ◽  
Mechanical Disturbances

In this paper, torsional vibrations in a five-mass drivetrain of a doubly fed induction generator (DFIG)-based and a permanent magnet generator (PMG)-based wind turbine are investigated through simulations. The simulated model includes aerodynamics of a 750kW wind turbine, as well as the dynamics of the generator, gearbox, and back-to-back power converters. In this study, the effectiveness of a sliding mode based control scheme to damp the drivetrain torsional vibrations for the events of a voltage dip occurring on the power grid and a wind speed variation is presented. The simulation results demonstrate mechanical disturbances have similar impacts on the drivetrain of DFIG-based and PMG-based wind turbines. However, the back-to-back converters in a PMG-based wind turbine effectively isolate the effects of power oscillations on the drivetrain.

scholarly journals Attitude Control Algorithm for Free-Flying Space Robot (Cooperative Control of Feedforward and Feedback)

1994 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 200-207
Author(s):  
Nobuyuki Kobayashi ◽  
◽  
Osamu Saito ◽  
Kenzo Nonami ◽  
Susumu Tohsya ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Feedback Control ◽  
Attitude Control ◽  
Cooperative Control ◽  
Control Algorithm ◽  
Sliding Mode ◽  
Feedforward Control ◽  
Space Robot ◽  
Main Body ◽  
Compensation Control ◽  
Flying Robot

An attitude control algorithm for a free-flying robot by the cooperative control of feedforward control and feedback control is proposed. The motion of a manipulator on a space robot causes the attitude deviation of the robot’s main body because of dynamic interaction. The proposed cooperative control algorithm is composed of Disturbed-Torque Compensation control on the thrusters, as feedforward control, and sliding mode control on the reaction wheels, which is a known method of robust control, as feedback control. The proposed algorithm is verified by a one-degree-of-freedom model test. In addition, the robustness is also discussed.

Model-Inversion Feedforward Control for Wave Load Reduction in Floating Wind Turbines

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alessandro Fontanella ◽  
Marco Belloli
Keyword(s):  
Wind Turbine ◽  
Wind Turbines ◽  
Control Strategy ◽  
Feedforward Control ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Offshore Wind ◽  
Linear Wave ◽  
Wave Load ◽  
Floating Wind Turbine ◽  
Floating Offshore Wind Turbines

Abstract This paper develops a novel feedforward control strategy for reducing structural loads caused by waves in floating offshore wind turbines. The proposed control strategy is based on the inversion of a linear model of the floating wind turbine, and a real-time forecast of the wave obtained from an upstream measurement is utilized to compute a collective pitch control action. Two feedforward controllers are considered: one is designed to cancel the rotor speed oscillations and one to lower the towertop fore-aft shear force. The feedforward control strategies are implemented in a 10MW floating wind turbine, complementing the standard feedback controller for generator speed regulation. Numerical simulations are carried out in FAST, in four operating conditions with realistic wind and waves, proving the proposed feedforward controller effectively mitigates the structural loads caused by waves. In detail, the feedforward action reduces the loads spectra in the frequency range where linear wave is active. The best performance is realized higher winds (the FA force is reduced up to 25% in 22 m/s wind), where the wave excitation is the strongest.

Adaptive Dynamic Sliding Mode Control Based on Offshore Variable-Speed Variable-Pitch Wind Turbines

2013 ◽  
Vol 373-375 ◽  
pp. 1449-1453
Author(s):  
Sheng Shan Li ◽  
Feng Yang ◽  
Lei Wang ◽  
Yong Duan Song ◽  
Yu Zeng
Keyword(s):  
Sliding Mode Control ◽  
Wind Turbine ◽  
Wind Turbines ◽  
Sliding Mode ◽  
Variable Pitch ◽  
Pitch Control ◽  
Adaptive Dynamic ◽  
Mode Control ◽  
Dynamic Sliding Mode ◽  
Damping Controller

An adaptive dynamic sliding mode pitch control strategy for the output power control of wind generation systems in above rated wind speed range is presented in this paper. The corresponding controller is designed, which consists of an adaptive dynamic sliding mode controller, virtual damping controller. These variable pitch control systems have several advantages over the traditional wind turbines, such as reduction of the mechanical stress, improve quality of electric energy and mitigate tower fore-aft vibration and gearbox vibration. Traditionally, wind turbine pitch control system using mainly proportional integral (PI) controller. However, such kind of controller does not adequately handle some inaccuracies mainly leading to non-optimal power factor. These may decrease wind turbine performances. Therefore, using robust control and additional sensors to help the controller to achieve its objects more effectively, such as adaptive sliding mode control, damping controller will allow to tuning the wind turbine rated power to improve power quality. Finally, simulation results are demonstrated to validate the proposed controllers.

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