scholarly journals Hypoglycemic Properties of the Aqueous Extract from the Stem Bark of Ceiba pentandra in Dexamethasone-Induced Insulin Resistant Rats

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christian Kuété Fofié ◽  
Elvine Pami Nguelefack-Mbuyo ◽  
Nole Tsabang ◽  
Albert Kamanyi ◽  
Télesphore Benoît Nguelefack
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Glucose Tolerance ◽  
Type Ii Diabetes ◽  
Stem Bark ◽  
Oral Glucose ◽  
Phytochemical Analysis ◽  
Type Ii ◽  
Insulin Resistant ◽  
Ceiba Pentandra

Parts of Ceiba pentandra are wildly used in Africa to treat diabetes and previous works have demonstrated their in vivo antidiabetic effects on type 1 diabetes models. In addition, it has been recently shown that the decoction and the methanol extract from the stem bark of C. pentandra potentiate in vitro, the peripheral glucose consumption by the liver and skeletal muscle slices. But nothing is known about its effect on type II diabetes, especially on insulin resistance condition. We investigated herein the antihyperglycemic, insulin-sensitizing potential, and cardioprotective effects of the dried decoction from the stem bark of Ceiba pentandra (DCP) in dexamethasone-induced insulin resistant rats. DCP phytochemical analysis using LC-MS showed the presence of many compounds, including 8-formyl-7-hydroxy-5-isopropyl-2-methoxy-3-methyl-1,4-naphthaquinone, 2,4,6-trimethoxyphenol, and vavain. Wistar rats were given intramuscularly (i.m.) dexamethasone (1 mg/kg/day) alone or concomitantly with oral doses of DCP (75 or 150 mg/kg/day) or metformin (40 mg/kg/day) for 9 days. Parameters such as body weight, glycemia, oral glucose tolerance, plasma triglycerides and cholesterol, blood pressure, and heart rate were evaluated. Moreover, cardiac, hepatic and aortic antioxidants (reduced glutathione, catalase, and superoxide dismutase), malondialdehyde level, and nitric oxide content were determined. DCP decreased glycemia by up to 34% and corrected the impairment of glucose tolerance induced by dexamethasone but has no significant effect on blood pressure and heart rate. DCP reduced the total plasma cholesterol and triglycerides as compared to animals treated only with dexamethasone. DCP also increased catalase, glutathione, and NO levels impaired by dexamethasone, without any effect on SOD and malondialdehyde. In conclusion, the decoction of the stem bark of Ceiba pentandra has insulin sensitive effects as demonstrated by the improvement of glucose tolerance, oxidative status, and plasma lipid profile. This extract may therefore be a good candidate for the treatment of type II diabetes.

Glycaemic instability is an underestimated problem in Type II diabetes

2006 ◽  
Vol 111 (2) ◽  
pp. 119-126 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephan F. E. Praet ◽  
Ralph J. F. Manders ◽  
Ruth C. R. Meex ◽  
A. G. Lieverse ◽  
Coen D. A. Stehouwer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Glycaemic Control ◽  
Glucose Tolerance ◽  
Type Ii Diabetes ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Oral Glucose ◽  
Type Ii ◽  
Oral Glucose Tolerance

The aim of the present study was to assess the level of glycaemic control by the measurement of 24 h blood glucose profiles and standard blood analyses under identical nutritional and physical activity conditions in patients with Type II diabetes and healthy normoglycaemic controls. A total of 11 male patients with Type II diabetes and 11 healthy matched controls participated in a 24 h CGMS (continuous subcutaneous glucose-monitoring system) assessment trial under strictly standardized dietary and physical activity conditions. In addition, fasting plasma glucose, insulin and HbA1c (glycated haemoglobin) concentrations were measured, and an OGTT (oral glucose tolerance test) was performed to calculate indices of whole-body insulin sensitivity, oral glucose tolerance and/or glycaemic control. In the healthy control group, hyperglycaemia (blood glucose concentration >10 mmol/l) was hardly present (2±1% or 0.4±0.2/24 h). However, in the patients with Type II diabetes, hyperglycaemia was experienced for as much as 55±7% of the time (13±2 h over 24 h) while using the same standardized diet. Breakfast-related hyperglycaemia contributed most (46±7%; P<0.01 as determined by ANOVA) to the total amount of hyperglycaemia and postprandial glycaemic instability. In the diabetes patients, blood HbA1c content correlated well with the duration of hyperglycaemia and the postprandial glucose responses (P<0.05). In conclusion, CGMS determinations show that standard measurements of glycaemic control underestimate the amount of hyperglycaemia prevalent during real-life conditions in Type II diabetes. Given the macro- and micro-vascular damage caused by postprandial hyperglycaemia, CGMS provides an excellent tool to evaluate alternative therapeutic strategies to reduce hyperglycaemic blood glucose excursions.

Insulin Binding and Responsiveness in Fat Cells from Patients with Reduced Glucose Tolerance and Type II Diabetes

Diabetes ◽  
1983 ◽  
Vol 32 (8) ◽  
pp. 748-754 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Lonnroth ◽  
M. Digirolamo ◽  
M. Krotkiewski ◽  
U. Smith
Keyword(s):  
Glucose Tolerance ◽  
Type Ii Diabetes ◽  
Insulin Binding ◽  
Fat Cells ◽  
Type Ii

scholarly journals Pharmacological potential of methanol extract of Anacardium occidentale stem bark on alloxan-induced diabetic rats

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (7) ◽  
pp. 2440-2454
Author(s):  
D. A. Omoboyowa ◽  
F. O. Afolabi ◽  
T. C. Aribigbola
Keyword(s):  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Glucose Tolerance ◽  
Glucose Tolerance Test ◽  
Methanol Extract ◽  
Stem Bark ◽  
Tolerance Test ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Oral Glucose ◽  
Oral Glucose Tolerance ◽  
Β Cells

Background: The anti-hyperglycemic potential of methanol stem bark extract of Anacardium occidentale (MSBEAO) was investigated using an alloxan-induced diabetic rat model. Alloxan administration induces the generation of free radicals which can affect antioxidant status resulting in the disruption of the β-cells of the pancreas. Therefore, this study examines the antioxidant potential of the plant extract and the ameliorating effect on the pancreas of alloxan-induced diabetic rats. Methods: Diabetes was induced by intraperitoneal injection of 150 mg/kg body weight of alloxan monohydrate. MSBEAO, at a concentration of 100 or 200 mg/kg b.w. was orally administered to alloxan-induced diabetic rats and normal rats. The hypoglycemic effect, oral glucose tolerance test, and biochemical assay of alloxan-induced diabetic rats were assayed using standard procedures. Results: Preliminary phytochemical screening of the extract revealed the presence of alkaloids, tannins, saponins, terpenoids, carbohydrates, and phenols at moderate concentrations. The lethality dose (LD50) of the plant extract was found to be equal to or less than 5000 mg/kg b.w. The hypoglycemic effect of the extract on the non-diabetic rats revealed a significant (p<0.05) decrease in the blood glucose concentration of animals administered with 1 g/kg b.w. of the extract, compared to normal control rats administered with normal saline. In the oral glucose tolerance test, the methanol extract exerted the highest response, similar to glibenclamide after 15 and 30 minutes of administration, compared to the control rats. The methanol extract yielded the highest blood glucose lowering effects after 9 days of treatment (p<0.05), compared to diabetic rats administered with normal saline and 0.3 mg/kg b.w. of glibenclamide. Administration of the extract at 200 mg/kg b.w. showed improved pancreas architecture and regeneration of the β-cells, compared with the pancreas of animals in the other groups. Conclusion: The results of this study suggest that MSBEAO is a potentially effective agent for the management of diabetes which might result from the antioxidant-generating capacity of the stem bark.

scholarly journals Effect of Insulin Sensitizers and Sodium Glucose Cotransporter 2 Inhibitor on Glycemic State and Cardiovascular Performance in Type II Diabetic Rats

QJM ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 113 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
S F Ewida ◽  
A M H Shabaan ◽  
H F Eldomiaty ◽  
G S Y Hanna ◽  
S E Hassabelnabi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Lipid Profile ◽  
Type Ii Diabetes ◽  
Glycosylated Hemoglobin ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Cardiac Performance ◽  
Aortic Tissue ◽  
Type Ii ◽  
Arterial Blood ◽  
Sodium Glucose Cotransporter

Abstract Background Cardiovascular disease is the most life-threatening diabetic complication. Type II diabetes may lead to damage of the heart muscle. Sodium glucose cotransporter 2 (SGL2) inhibitors are a new class of diabetic medications indicated only for the treatment of type II diabetes. Aim This investigation was assigned to compare the effect of metformin and SGL2 inhibitors (dapaglifilizone) in type II diabetic rats. Design and methods: Eighty rats divided into four groups were used: non diabetic; diabetic; diabetic metformin -treated; diabetic dapagliflizoline- treated. At the end, arterial blood pressure and cardiac performance (cardiac contractility and heart rate) were assessed. Serum glucose, glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c), insulin, lipid profile, total antioxidant capacity, malondialdehyde, tumor necrosis factor α were measured. HOMA-IR index was calculated. DNA changes were assessed from hearts and aortea. Aortic endothelial changes recorded using H&E and masson trichome techniques. Results Glycemic index, lipid profile, oxidative stress and inflammatory parameters were significantly improved in both metformin and dapagliflizoline treated groups with also significant improvement in blood pressure, Cardiac performance and reduction in collagen deposition in aortic tissue and DNA fragmentation. Dapagliflizoline treatment results were significantly improved in all parameters compared to metformin treatment. Conclusion SGL2 inhibitors (dapaglifilizone) successfully restored glycemic state, cardiac performance, DNA and endothelial changes in type II diabetic rats compared to metformin.

Antidiabetic and in vitro antioxidant effects of hydromethanol extract of Paullinia pinnata root bark in alloxan-induced diabetic rat

2017 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Onoja Samuel Okwudili ◽  
Nwachukwu Glory Chimaobi ◽  
Ezeja Maxwell Ikechukwu ◽  
Omeh Yusuf Ndukaku
Keyword(s):  
Glucose Tolerance ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Post Treatment ◽  
Oral Glucose ◽  
Phytochemical Analysis ◽  
Root Bark ◽  
Distilled Water ◽  
Oral Glucose Tolerance ◽  
Reference Drug

Abstract Background The study evaluated phytochemical composition, antidiabetic, oral glucose tolerance test and in vitro antioxidant activities of hydromethanol extract of Paullinia pinnata root bark. Methods Cold maceration method was used in extract preparation and scavenging of 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radicals was used to evaluate antioxidant properties of the extract. Diabetes was induced with alloxan at the dose of 160 mg/kg. The antidiabetic activity of the extract was tested at doses of 50, 100 and 200 mg/kg, and glibenclamide was used as reference drug. Results Phytochemical analysis of the extract showed the presence of alkaloids, flavonoids, glycosides, tannins, saponins and terpenes/sterols. The extract produced a significant (p<0.05) time-dependent decrease in the fasting blood glucose (FBG) levels in the treated rats when compared with the distilled water treated rats, but did not produce dose-dependent effects. The extract 50, 100 and 200 mg/kg and glibenclamide (2 mg/kg) caused 83.62 %, 60.66 %, 47.77 % and 68.52 % reduction respectively in FBG at 6 h post-treatment while the distilled water (5 mL/kg) produced 8.12 % reduction in FBG at 6 h post treatment. The extract (50 mg/kg) and glibenclamide (2 mg/kg) produced a significant (p<0.05) oral glucose tolerance effect in both normoglycemic and diabetic rats. The extract produced concentration-dependent increase in antioxidant activity and had its optimum effect at 400 µg/mL concentration. Conclusions This study suggests that P. pinnata root bark has potent antidiabetic and antioxidant activities and also validates its use in folkloric medicine in the management of diabetes-related conditions.

TIMING OF ACUTE PASSIVE HEATING ON GLUCOSE TOLERANCE AND BLOOD PRESSURE IN PEOPLE WITH TYPE 2 DIABETES: A RANDOMIZED, BALANCED CROSSOVER, CONTROL TRIAL

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas Joseph James ◽  
Jo Corbett ◽  
Michael H. Cummings ◽  
Sharon Allard ◽  
John S. Young ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Insulin Sensitivity ◽  
Glucose Tolerance ◽  
Microvascular Dysfunction ◽  
Oral Glucose ◽  
Passive Heating ◽  
Chronic Hyperglycemia

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is characterized by chronic hyperglycemia and progressive insulin resistance, leading to macro and microvascular dysfunction. Passive heating has potential to improve glucose homeostasis and act as an exercise mimetic. We assessed the effect of acute passive heating before or during an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) in people with T2DM. Twelve people with T2DM were randomly assigned to 3 conditions:1) 3 h OGTT (CON); 2) 1 h passive heating (40 °C water) 30 min before an OGTT (HOT-OGTT); and 3) 1 h passive heating (40 °C water) 30 min after commencing an OGTT (OGTT-HOT). Blood [glucose], insulin sensitivity, extracellular heat shock protein 70 (eHSP70), total energy expenditure (TEE), heart rate (HR), systolic (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) were recorded. Passive heating did not alter blood [glucose] (CON, 1,677 (386) a.u.; HOT-OGTT, 1,797 (340) a.u.; OGTT-HOT, 1,662 (364) a.u.; P = 0.28), insulin sensitivity (P = 0.15), or SBP (P = 0.18), but did increase [eHSP70] in both heating conditions (CON, 203.48 (110.81) pg·mL-1; HOT-OGTT, 402.47 (79.02) pg·mL-1; OGTT-HOT, 310.00 (60.53) pg·mL-1; P < 0.001), increased TEE (via fat oxidation) in the OGTT-HOT condition (CON, 263 (33) kcal; HOT-OGTT, 278 (40) kcal; OGTT-HOT, 304 (38) kcal; P = 0.001), increased HR in both heating conditions (P < 0.001) and reduced DBP in OGTT-HOT condition (P < 0.01). Passive heating in close proximity to a glucose challenge does not alter glucose tolerance but does increase [eHSP70] and TEE, and reduce blood pressure in people with T2DM.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document