scholarly journals Early Gastric Cancer with Purely Enteroblastic Differentiation and No Conventional Adenocarcinoma Component

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rin Yamada ◽  
Shin-ichiro Horiguchi ◽  
Tomoko Onishi ◽  
Toru Motoi ◽  
Tsunekazu Hishima
Keyword(s):  
Gastric Carcinoma ◽  
Tumor Cells ◽  
Growth Pattern ◽  
De Novo ◽  
Early Cancer ◽  
Anterior Wall ◽  
Gastric Body ◽  
Pyloric Mucosa ◽  
Clear Cytoplasm ◽  
Adenocarcinoma Component

Gastric carcinoma with enteroblastic differentiation (GCED) is a rare variant of gastric carcinoma, and a part of GCED produces alpha-fetoprotein. GCED is characterized by cells with clear cytoplasm and a tubulopapillary and solid growth pattern resembling those in the primitive gut. GCED is typically overlaid by a conventional adenocarcinoma (CA) component, implying that CA in the mucosa differentiates into GCED during tumor invasion and proliferation. We present the case of a 73-year-old woman with a 10-mm superficial elevated lesion and a slight central depression at the anterior wall of the lower gastric body. Endoscopic submucosal dissection revealed tumor cells having clear cytoplasm and severely atypical nuclei characteristic of GCED. The growth pattern was predominantly solid and trabecular but included submucosal layer invasion and limited tubular growth. Atrophic pyloric mucosa without intestinal metaplasia surrounded the tumor. Immunohistochemically, the tumor cells were positive for AFP, GPC3, and SALL4. The present patient showed a purely enteroblastic differentiation without a CA component despite the presence of early cancer, indicating that few cases of GCED may arise de novo in the gastric mucosa. GCED is more aggressive compared with CA; therefore, pathologists should be aware that GCED without CA can appear in biopsy specimens of early cancer while making an accurate diagnosis.

scholarly journals Clinicopathologic Study on Poorly Differentiated Gastric Carcinoma with Medullary Growth Pattern.

1992 ◽  
Vol 25 (12) ◽  
pp. 2903-2913 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kikuo Aizawa ◽  
Tetsuya Tada ◽  
Satoshi Suzuki ◽  
Hiroshi Yabusaki ◽  
Norio Tanaka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gastric Carcinoma ◽  
Growth Pattern ◽  
Clinicopathologic Study ◽  
Poorly Differentiated

Intratumoral neovascularization and growth pattern in early gastric carcinoma

Cancer ◽  
1999 ◽  
Vol 85 (11) ◽  
pp. 2340-2346 ◽  
Author(s):  
Masaaki Tomoda ◽  
Yoshihiko Maehara ◽  
Yoshihiro Kakeji ◽  
Shinji Ohno ◽  
Yuji Ichiyoshi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gastric Carcinoma ◽  
Growth Pattern ◽  
Early Gastric Carcinoma

Improvement of the Chemosensitivity of Gastric Carcinoma Cells by Celastrus orbiculatus Extracts

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 282-287
Author(s):  
Yuling Wang ◽  
Kai Wang ◽  
Shilei Ding ◽  
Shuguang Wang ◽  
Rubin Gu
Keyword(s):  
Gastric Carcinoma ◽  
Tumor Cells ◽  
Carcinoma Cells ◽  
High Morbidity ◽  
Drug Resistant ◽  
Celastrus Orbiculatus ◽  
Protein Markers ◽  
Gastric Cells ◽  
Human Gastric Carcinoma Cells ◽  
Selection Of

Gastric carcinoma is one of the most prevalent malignancies with high morbidity and mortality. While chemotherapy is the major means for the management gastric carcinoma, tumors gradually exhibit drug resistance. Therefore, there is a need for agents capable of enhancing the sensitivity of tumor cells to chemotherapy. Herein, we have examined the effect of Celastrus orbiculatus extracts on chemosensitivity of drug resistant gastric carcinoma cells. Human gastric carcinoma cells (MGC-803 and SGC-7901) were cultured in the presence of cisplatin for the selection of drug resistant gastric cells. Next, the effect of C. orbiculatus extracts on multiplication capacity of drug resistant MGC-803 and SGC-7901 cells was examined by a variety of measures. Following C. orbiculatus extract treatment, the multiplication and invasiveness of drug resistant MGC-803 and SGC-7901 cells declined remarkably, with increased apoptosis and decreased levels of β-catenin, c-Myc, and cyclin D1 proteins, protein markers critical to cell proliferation, differentiation, and apoptosis. In summary, C. orbiculatus extract can effectively improve the sensitivity of cisplatin resistant gastric carcinoma cells to cisplatin and promote the apoptosis of tumor cells through the inhibition of the expression of proteins associated with the Wnt/β-catenin axis.

Abstract LB-236: Genomic characterization of circulating tumor cells in de novo metastatic prostate cancer

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shoujie Chai ◽  
Paymaneh D. Malihi ◽  
Ana M. Apariciop ◽  
Brian F. Chapin ◽  
Matthew Lin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Tumor Cells ◽  
Circulating Tumor Cells ◽  
Metastatic Prostate Cancer ◽  
De Novo ◽  
Genomic Characterization

Histopathological and Clinical Differences Between Primary Breast Carcinomas With Neuroendocrine Features and Primary Breast Carcinomas Mimicking Neuroendocrine Features

2019 ◽  
Vol 27 (7) ◽  
pp. 744-752
Author(s):  
Canan Kelten Talu ◽  
Taha Cumhan Savli ◽  
Gulben Erdem Huq ◽  
Cem Leblebici
Keyword(s):  
Tumor Cells ◽  
Lymphovascular Invasion ◽  
Lymphocytic Infiltration ◽  
Growth Patterns ◽  
Proliferation Index ◽  
Positive Staining ◽  
High Grade ◽  
Breast Carcinomas ◽  
Ki 67 ◽  
Clear Cytoplasm

We aimed to determine the histopathological differences between primary breast carcinomas with neuroendocrine features (NEBC) and carcinomas mimicking neuroendocrine features (NEBC-like). Twenty-three cases with NEBC, all showing positive staining for synaptophysin and/or chromogranin-A in ≥50% of tumor cells and 36 cases with NEBC-like (no staining for neuroendocrine [NE] markers but suspicious for NE morphology in terms of solid/trabecular growth patterns) were included in the study. Significant differences were found between the groups in terms of the patients’ ages, histologic/nuclear grade of tumor, lymphovascular invasion, comedo-type ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS), microcalcification, Ki-67 proliferation index, nuclear shape, and level of peritumoral lymphocytic infiltration. The presence of large-size solid cohesive groups of tumor cells; plasmocytoid, spindle, and/or columnar shapes of tumor cells; and eosinophilic-granular appearance of cytoplasm were mostly noted in the NEBC group. The presence of small- to medium-sized solid cohesive groups of tumor cells; high-grade histologic and nuclear features; clear cytoplasm; and round to ovoid nucleus were mostly noted in the NEBC-like group. No significant differences were found in terms of tumor size, ER/PR/HER2 status, as well as the presence of DCIS, elastosis, extracellular/intracellular mucin, signet ring cells, apocrine features, and accompanying papilloma or ductal ectasia. In conclusion, small- to medium-sized solid cohesive groups of tumor cells, high-grade features, clear cytoplasm, round to ovoid shape of nucleus, lymphovascular invasion, comedo-type DCIS, microcalcification, high level of Ki-67 proliferation index (≥20%), and moderate/strong level of peritumoral lymphocytic infiltration might support non-NE features in breast carcinomas.

scholarly journals PSMD1 and PSMD2 regulate HepG2 cell proliferation and apoptosis via modulating cellular lipid droplet metabolism

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yanjie Tan ◽  
Yi Jin ◽  
Xiang Wu ◽  
Zhuqing Ren
Keyword(s):  
Cell Proliferation ◽  
Tumor Cell ◽  
Tumor Cells ◽  
Lipid Droplet ◽  
Hepg2 Cells ◽  
De Novo ◽  
Lipid Synthesis ◽  
Underlying Mechanism ◽  
Tumor Cell Proliferation ◽  
Cellular Lipid

Abstract Background Obesity and nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) are well-known risk factors of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). The lipid-rich environment enhances the proliferation and metastasis abilities of tumor cells. Previous studies showed the effect of the ubiquitin–proteasome system (UPS) on tumor cell proliferation. However, the underlying mechanism of UPS in regulating the proliferation of lipid-rich tumor cells is not totally clear. Results Here, we identify two proteasome 26S subunits, non-ATPase 1 and 2 (PSMD1 and PSMD2), which regulate HepG2 cells proliferation via modulating cellular lipid metabolism. Briefly, the knockdown of PSMD1 and/or PSMD2 decreases the formation of cellular lipid droplets, the provider of the energy and membrane components for tumor cell proliferation. Mechanically, PSMD1 and PSMD2 regulate the expression of genes related to de novo lipid synthesis via p38-JNK and AKT signaling. Moreover, the high expression of PSMD1 and PSMD2 is significantly correlated with poor prognosis of HCC. Conclusion We demonstrate that PSMD1 and PSMD2 promote the proliferation of HepG2 cells via facilitating cellular lipid droplet accumulation. This study provides a potential therapeutic strategy for the treatment of lipid-rich tumors.

dSLIM Immunomodulators Induce Anti-Tumor Responses Both In Vitro and In Vivo.

Blood ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 108 (11) ◽  
pp. 1727-1727
Author(s):  
Manuel Schmidt ◽  
Javier de Cristobal ◽  
Astrid Sander ◽  
Bernadette Brzezicha ◽  
Sven A. König Merediz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tumor Cell ◽  
Tumor Cells ◽  
Neutralizing Antibodies ◽  
De Novo ◽  
Tumor Cell Line ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Γδt Cells ◽  
Ifn Γ

Abstract Cytosine-guanine (CpG) motifs containing oligonucleotides (ODN) are commonly used for immunomodulatory purpose in cancer therapy and for the treatment of allergic diseases since they resemble bacterial DNA and serve as “danger signals”. These CpG-ODNs promote predominately a TH1-response with secretion of IL-12 and IFN-γ, In addition their broad potential includes activation of B-cell proliferation, monocyte stimulation and secretion of IgM and IL-6, and stimulation of plasmacytoid DC to produce IFN-α/-β and thus γδT-cells and NK-cells to express CD69 and secrete IFN-γ. Usually phosphorothioate (PS) modifications are to enhance the stability, but these are leading to several side-effects, like severe organ enlargements, morphological changes and immunosuppression in mice. We designed immunomodulatory molecules based on short covalently-closed dumbbell-like structures (dSLIM) to stabilize the DNA without the otherwise necessary PS-modification. To evaluate the anti-tumor effect of the dSLIM molecules we developed an in vitro anti-tumor assay. This assay uses supernatant from dSLIM-activated human PBMCs for incubation with tumor cells in vitro. We observed increased apoptosis and necrosis of the HT-29 tumor cell line after incubation with supernatant from dSLIM-treated PBMC which was significantly higher than the effect of supernatant from non-treated PBMC. In addition, supernatant from dSLIM-treated PBMC increased the expression of HLA-ABC on the tumor cells, a pre-requisite for tumor cell recognition by the immune system. These effects were confirmed with human HEK293 and murine Renca cell lines. Analyzing the effect with neutralizing antibodies to various apoptosis-related cytokines, we observed a crucial role of IFN-γ but not IFN-α or TNFα. To investigate the anti-tumor effects of dSLIM in vivo, we employed a SKH1 murine model which is prone to spontaneous development of papillomas. Using chemicals for initiation and weekly promotion of de novo papilloma development we compared groups of weekly s.c. or i.p. dSLIM injections, respectively, with the PBS control group. The number of papilloma developing mice was significantly lower in the dSLIM groups and the total number of papillomas on all mice was reduced by approximately 50%. In conclusion, we showed that dSLIM immunomodulators exhibit potent anti-tumor effects in vitro and in vivo.

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