scholarly journals Current Trends in Biomaterial Utilization for Cardiopulmonary System Regeneration

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-32 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adegbenro Omotuyi John Fakoya ◽  
David Adeiza Otohinoyi ◽  
Joshua Yusuf
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Regeneration ◽  
Tissue Composition ◽  
Physical Support ◽  
The Core ◽  
Current Trends ◽  
Core Function ◽  
Short Period ◽  
Mortality Table ◽  
Regenerative Therapies ◽  
Cardiopulmonary System

The cardiopulmonary system is made up of the heart and the lungs, with the core function of one complementing the other. The unimpeded and optimal cycling of blood between these two systems is pivotal to the overall function of the entire human body. Although the function of the cardiopulmonary system appears uncomplicated, the tissues that make up this system are undoubtedly complex. Hence, damage to this system is undesirable as its capacity to self-regenerate is quite limited. The surge in the incidence and prevalence of cardiopulmonary diseases has reached a critical state for a top-notch response as it currently tops the mortality table. Several therapies currently being utilized can only sustain chronically ailing patients for a short period while they are awaiting a possible transplant, which is also not devoid of complications. Regenerative therapeutic techniques now appear to be a potential approach to solve this conundrum posed by these poorly self-regenerating tissues. Stem cell therapy alone appears not to be sufficient to provide the desired tissue regeneration and hence the drive for biomaterials that can support its transplantation and translation, providing not only physical support to seeded cells but also chemical and physiological cues to the cells to facilitate tissue regeneration. The cardiac and pulmonary systems, although literarily seen as just being functionally and spatially cooperative, as shown by their diverse and dissimilar adult cellular and tissue composition has been proven to share some common embryological codevelopment. However, necessitating their consideration for separate review is the immense adult architectural difference in these systems. This review also looks at details on new biological and synthetic biomaterials, tissue engineering, nanotechnology, and organ decellularization for cardiopulmonary regenerative therapies.

China, the UN, and Human Protection

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rosemary Foot
Keyword(s):  
United Nations ◽  
Public Goods ◽  
World Order ◽  
Active Engagement ◽  
Fair Share ◽  
Global Order ◽  
The Core ◽  
Short Period ◽  
The Future ◽  
The United Nations

Over a relatively short period of time, Beijing moved from passive involvement with the UN to active engagement. How are we to make sense of the People’s Republic of China’s (PRC) embrace of the UN, and what does its engagement mean in larger terms? Is it a ‘supporter’ that takes its fair share of responsibilities, or a ‘spoiler’ that seeks to transform the UN’s contribution to world order? Certainly, it is difficult to label it a ‘shirker’ in the last decade or more, given Beijing’s apparent appreciation of the UN, its provision of public goods to the organization, and its stated desire to offer ‘Chinese wisdom and a Chinese approach to solving the problems facing mankind’. This study traces questions such as these, interrogating the value of such categorization through direct focus on Beijing’s involvement in one of the most contentious areas of UN activity—human protection—contentious because the norm of human protection tips the balance away from the UN’s Westphalian state-based profile, towards the provision of greater protection for the security of individuals and their individual liberties. The argument that follows shows that, as an ever-more crucial actor within the United Nations, Beijing’s rhetoric and some of its practices are playing an increasingly important role in determining how this norm is articulated and interpreted. In some cases, the PRC is also influencing how these ideas of human protection are implemented. At stake in the questions this book tackles is both how we understand the PRC as a participant in shaping global order, and the future of some of the core norms that constitute global order.

Bare classifier phrases in Thai and other mainland Asian languages: implications for classifier theory and typology

2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nitipong Pichetpan ◽  
Mark W. Post
Keyword(s):  
Comprehensive Analysis ◽  
The Core ◽  
Core Function ◽  
Nominal Classification ◽  
Discourse Functions ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Referential Function ◽  
Asian Languages ◽  
Modern Standard

Abstract This article provides a comprehensive analysis of the little-known “bare classifier phrase” construction in Modern Standard Thai. It describes the syntax, semantics and discourse functions of Thai bare classifier phrases, and further proposes a diachronic account of their origin in reduction of post-posed numeral ‘one’. Following this synchronic and diachronic description, this article attempts to locate Thai within a working typology of bare classifier constructions in mainland Asian languages, and further argues for the importance of bare classifier constructions to the theory of classifiers more generally. Following Bisang (1999) and others, it argues that bare classifier constructions reveal the core function of classifiers in Asian languages to be individuation – a referential function. It therefore cautions against some recent proposals to merge classifiers and gender markers within a single categorical space defined on the semantic basis of nominal classification, and in favour of continuing to treat classifiers as a discrete linguistic category – in mainland Asian languages, at least.

scholarly journals An Analysis of Current Trends in CBR Research Using Multi-View Clustering

AI Magazine ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 45 ◽  
Author(s):  
Derek Greene ◽  
Jill Freyne ◽  
Barry Smyth ◽  
Pádraig Cunningham
Keyword(s):  
Case Based Reasoning ◽  
Research Papers ◽  
The Core ◽  
Current Trends ◽  
Research Challenges ◽  
Core Set ◽  
Research Themes ◽  
Promising Application ◽  
The Moment ◽  
Case Based

The European Conference on Case-Based Reasoning (CBR) in 2008 marked 15 years of international and European CBR conferences where almost seven hundred research papers were published. In this report we review the research themes covered in these papers and identify the topics that are active at the moment. The main mechanism for this analysis is a clustering of the research papers based on both co-citation links and text similarity. It is interesting to note that the core set of papers has attracted citations from almost three thousand papers outside the conference collection so it is clear that the CBR conferences are a sub-part of a much larger whole. It is remarkable that the research themes revealed by this analysis do not map directly to the sub-topics of CBR that might appear in a textbook. Instead they reflect the applications-oriented focus of CBR research, and cover the promising application areas and research challenges that are faced.

Digital economic networks in the context of global transformations

2021 ◽  
Vol 39 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Denys Rusak ◽  
Oleksandr Pidchosa ◽  
Anton Filipenko
Keyword(s):  
Economic System ◽  
Digital Economy ◽  
Economic Networks ◽  
Marginal Costs ◽  
The Core ◽  
Current Trends ◽  
Categorical Framework ◽  
Electronic Technologies

Theoretically, the digital economy (DE) is the core of the modern networked economic system, and in practice – a growing sector of national and world economies. The essential features of IT as a new phenomenon in the socio-economic system are complemented on an interdisciplinary basis by the epistemology of information and computer sciences, electronic technologies and platforms. This refers to the widespread use of margins (marginal costs, marginal capital, marginal labour, etc.) and concepts such as institutions, trust, risk, security, etc. The purpose of the study is to investigate the trends of economic digitalisation, theoretical and methodological changes and applied vision of economic processes. Analysis, comparison, and generalisation were used in the study. The study considers the current trends of digitalisation of the economy, which cause significant theoretical and methodological changes and a new applied vision of economic processes. In the current conditions, the actual economic laws of IT are determined by the prevailing concepts and doctrines – neoclassical and neo-institutional. It was concluded that the synergistic synthesis of the categorical framework of the economic mainstream and computer sciences allows for the development of complexity economics, which is characterised by fundamentally new dimensions and parameters.

A Multi-Tier Architecture for the Management of Supply Chain of Cloud Resources in a Virtualized Cloud Environment

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 1-17
Author(s):  
Muhammad Aliyu ◽  
Murali M. ◽  
Abdulsalam Y. Gital ◽  
Souley Boukari ◽  
Rumana Kabir ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cloud Computing ◽  
Supply Chain ◽  
Spanning Tree ◽  
Scheduling Algorithm ◽  
Cloud Environment ◽  
Chain Management ◽  
Fair Scheduling ◽  
The Core ◽  
Cloud Resource ◽  
Core Function

As cloud resource demand grows, supply chain management (SCM), which is the core function of cloud computing, faces serious challenges. Quite a number of techniques have been proposed by many researchers for such a challenge. As such, numerous proposed strategies are still under reckoning and modification so as to enhance its potential. An optimized dynamic scheme that combined several algorithms' characteristics was proposed to map out such a challenge. The hybridized proposed scheme involved the meta-heuristic swarm mechanism of ant colony optimization (ACO) and deterministic spanning tree (SPT) algorithm as it obtained faster convergence chain, ensured resource utilization in least time and cost. Extensive experiments conducted in cloudsim simulator provided an efficient result in terms of minimized makespan time and throughput as compared to SPT, round robin (RR), and pre-emptive fair scheduling algorithm (PFSA) as it significantly improves performance.

Property concepts in Tabaq: More than one road can lead to Rome

2020 ◽  
Vol 51 (1) ◽  
pp. 63-78
Author(s):  
Gertrud Schneider-Blum ◽  
Birgit Hellwig
Keyword(s):  
Small Class ◽  
North West ◽  
The Core ◽  
The North ◽  
Limited Role ◽  
Core Function ◽  
Word Classes ◽  
Semantic Types ◽  
Property Concepts

Abstract In this paper, we investigate the interplay between the morphosyntactic class of adjectives, the semantics of property concepts, and the function of noun modification in Tabaq, a Kordofan Nubian language (Nilo-Saharan phylum) spoken in the north-west of the Nuba Mountains in Sudan. Tabaq has a small class of adjectives containing few semantic types, and playing only a limited role with respect to the core function of adjectives: the modification of nouns. By contrast, a large number of descriptive modifiers is derived from two other word classes, verbs and nouns, and this paper describes the different ways of coding property concepts in Tabaq.

Cloud Standards

2015 ◽  
pp. 1387-1416
Author(s):  
Fabio Bracci ◽  
Antonio Corradi ◽  
Luca Foschini
Keyword(s):  
Limiting Factors ◽  
Holistic View ◽  
The Core ◽  
Current Trends ◽  
Open Issues ◽  
The Way

Starting from the core assumption that only a deep and broad knowledge of existing efforts can pave the way to the publication of widely-accepted future Cloud standards, this chapter aims at putting together current trends and open issues in Cloud standardization to derive an original and holistic view of the existing proposals and specifications. In particular, among the several Cloud technical areas, the analysis focuses on two main aspects, namely, security and interoperability, because they are the ones mostly covered by ongoing standardization efforts and currently represent two of the main limiting factors for the diffusion and large adoption of Cloud. After an in-depth presentation of security and interoperability requirements and standardization issues, the authors overview general frameworks and initiatives in these two areas, and then they introduce and survey the main related standards; finally, the authors compare the surveyed standards and give future standardization directions for Cloud.

Research on the Application of Organizational Management Information System

2014 ◽  
Vol 687-691 ◽  
pp. 2853-2857
Author(s):  
Zhi Mei Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Information System ◽  
Management Information System ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Organizational Management ◽  
Systems Science ◽  
Management Information ◽  
The Core ◽  
Core Function ◽  
Science Management ◽  
Sport Events

To well organize China's Large-scale Sport Events, causes the Large-scale Sport Events organization to manage in the process each kind of activity and the work carries on the effective classification the equipment personnel and the division of labor authorization, we synthesized research techniques and so on utilization systems science, management science, mathematics modeling, artificial intelligence, information technology design in China's Large-scale Sport Events to organize the management information system, This article comprehensively elaborated this system function demand, the bare bone, the system design and the core function and so on.

TOR at the core of impaired regeneration

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (422) ◽  
pp. eaar7508
Author(s):  
Christopher Hine
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cell ◽  
Tissue Regeneration ◽  
Target Of Rapamycin ◽  
Tor Signaling ◽  
Stem Cell Maintenance ◽  
The Core ◽  
Cell Maintenance

Repeated activation of target of rapamycin (TOR) signaling during tissue regeneration results in impaired stem cell maintenance and promotes aging.

The Three Mile Island (TMI) Nuclear Accident: Revisited

1985 ◽  
Vol 1 (S1) ◽  
pp. 401-404
Author(s):  
Donald Reid
Keyword(s):  
Power Plant ◽  
Nuclear Power Plant ◽  
Nuclear Power ◽  
Test Tube ◽  
Human Errors ◽  
The Core ◽  
Core Damage ◽  
Short Period ◽  
Water Pumps ◽  
The Universe

At 0400 hours on Wednesday, March 28, 1979, an extremely small and initially thought unimportant malfunction occurred at the nuclear power plant at Three Mile Island (TMI). Within a short period of time, that malfunction would turn into an event of momentous impact with repercussions felt over most of the world. The events of that malfunction would cause TMI to be labelled as the worst commercial nuclear incident in history and transform it into the nuclear test tube of the universe. What really happened at Three Mile Island? Thirty-six seconds after 0400 hours, several water pumps stopped functioning in the unit 2 nuclear power plant. In the minutes, hours and days that followed, a series of events—compounded by equipment failure, inappropriate procedures and human errors—escalated into the worst crisis yet experienced by the nation's nuclear power industry. This resulted in the loss of reactor coolant, overheating of the core, damage to the fuel (but probably no melting) and release outside the plant of radioactive gases. Hydrogen has was formed, primarily by the reaction between the zirconium casing that holds the radioactive fuel and steam. There, however, was no danger of the bubble inside the reactor vessel exploding, because of the absence of oxygen within the reactor.

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