scholarly journals The Content Validity of the Cultural Formulation Interview (CFI)

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Behnam Shariati ◽  
Amir-Abbas Keshavarz-Akhlaghi ◽  
Arash Mohammadzadeh ◽  
Ruohollah Seddigh
Keyword(s):  
Content Validity ◽  
Help Seeking ◽  
The United States ◽  
Cultural Factors ◽  
Cultural Formulation ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Cultural Perception ◽  
Dsm 5 ◽  
Back Translation ◽  
Cultural Formulation Interview

Aims. The present study investigates content validity of the open-ended items in Cultural Formulation Interview in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 5th Edition (DSM-5). Methods. After translating into Persian and assessing the content validity of the items and their modification by psychiatrists, the questionnaire was translated back into English by two translators and then retranslated into Persian. The final Persian version and its back-translation were submitted for approval to the DSM-5 design workshop in the United States. After obtaining the group’s approval on the back-translation and permission to use the questionnaire, samples were distributed among panel members and the content validity of the questionnaire was thus examined. Results. The content validity index (CVI) of cultural formulation interview was 0.51 and all the items were acceptable although some, especially those on the cultural perception of the context and the cultural factors affecting current help-seeking, had lower content validity ratios (CVR). Conclusion. The cultural formulation interview seems to have an overall acceptable content validity although it is weak and thus needs further studies in relation to the two domains of the cultural perception of the context and the cultural factors affecting help-seeking in the Iranian population.

Cultural Formulation Interview

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dorie Gilbert ◽  
Katarzyna Olcoń
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Social Work ◽  
Cultural Context ◽  
Help Seeking ◽  
Cultural Factors ◽  
Cross Cultural ◽  
Cultural Formulation ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Cultural Assessment ◽  
Cultural Formulation Interview

Research indicates that practitioners’ cultural biases are a barrier to effective cross-cultural assessment; thus, social work practitioners must demonstrate the ability to appraise a client’s cultural context in assessing and treating mental health concerns. The Cultural Formulation Interview (CFI) in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5) provides practitioners with a standardized cultural assessment method for use in mental health practice. This article provides a comprehensive overview of the CFI with a focus on its four domains: (a) cultural definition of the problem; (b) cultural perception of cause, context, and support; (c) cultural factors affecting self-coping and past help-seeking; and (d) cultural factors affecting current help-seeking. Conceptualizations of mental health and mental illness vary across cultural subgroups, and the nation’s changing demographics underscore the need to give particular attention to how the CFI can be useful for improving cross-cultural assessment with historically excluded or marginalized racial and ethnic groups. The CFI is an important step towards culturally grounded assessments; however, it has several conceptualization and implementation limitations, including its narrow focus on individual-level cultural explanations of distress while the effects of social inequities remain masked. The article concludes with additional considerations for cross-cultural assessment and implications for social work education and practice.

scholarly journals The Cultural Formulation Interview: Progress to date and future directions

2020 ◽  
Vol 57 (4) ◽  
pp. 487-496
Author(s):  
Roberto Lewis-Fernández ◽  
Neil Krishan Aggarwal ◽  
Laurence J. Kirmayer
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Context ◽  
Help Seeking ◽  
Scale Up ◽  
Implementation Strategies ◽  
Transcultural Psychiatry ◽  
Cultural Formulation ◽  
Treatment Expectations ◽  
Future Directions ◽  
Dsm 5 ◽  
Cultural Formulation Interview

The Cultural Formulation Interview (CFI) developed for DSM-5 provides a way to collect information on patients’ illness experience, social and cultural context, help-seeking, and treatment expectations relevant to psychiatric diagnosis and assessment. This thematic issue of Transcultural Psychiatry brings together articles examining the implementation and impact of the CFI in diverse settings. In this editorial introduction we discuss key areas raised by these and other studies, including: (1) the potential of the CFI for transforming current psychiatric assessment models; (2) training and implementation strategies for wider application and scale-up; and (3) refining the CFI by developing new modules and alternative protocols based on further research and clinical experience.

Qualitative Analysis of Cultural Formulation Interview: Findings and Implications for Revising the Outline for Cultural Formulation

2019 ◽  
Vol 57 (4) ◽  
pp. 525-541 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vasudeo P. Paralikar ◽  
Ankita Deshmukh ◽  
Mitchell G. Weiss
Keyword(s):  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Qualitative Analysis ◽  
Help Seeking ◽  
Common Mental Disorders ◽  
Explanatory Models ◽  
Dimensional Structure ◽  
Cultural Formulation ◽  
Dsm 5 ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Cultural Formulation Interview

The DSM-IV Outline for Cultural Formulation (OCF) was a framework for assessment based on principles of cultural psychiatry. The Cultural Formulation Interview (CFI) for DSM-5 provided a tool enabling wider use of cultural formulation in clinical cultural assessment. Validation to justify the inclusion of the CFI in DSM-5 involved quantitative analysis of debriefing interviews of patients and clinicians for feasibility, acceptability and clinical utility. We now further examine qualitative field trial data from the CFI interviews and the debriefing interviews in Pune, India. Administration of the CFI was followed by routine diagnostic assessment of 36 psychiatric outpatients—11 found to have severe mental disorders (SMD) and 25 with common mental disorders (CMD). Domain-wise thematic analyses of the CFI and debriefing interviews identified recurrent themes based on cultural identity, illness explanatory models, stressful and supportive social relationships, and the impact of political, economic, and cultural contexts. A tendency to elaborate accounts, rather than simply name their problem, and more diverse past help-seeking distinguished CMD from SMD groups. Patients valued the CFI more than clinicians did, and most patients did not consider cultural background differences of clinician-patient relationships to be relevant. Qualitative analysis of CFI data and critical analysis of domain mapping of CFI content to the structure of OCF domains indicated the value of revising the dimensional structure of the OCF. A proposed revision (OCF-R) is expected to better facilitate clinical use and research on cultural formulation and use of the CFI.

The Cultural Formulation Interview since DSM-5: Prospects for training, research, and clinical practice

2020 ◽  
Vol 57 (4) ◽  
pp. 496-514 ◽  
Author(s):  
Neil Krishan Aggarwal ◽  
G. Eric Jarvis ◽  
Ana Gómez-Carrillo ◽  
Laurence J. Kirmayer ◽  
Roberto Lewis-Fernández
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Practice ◽  
Social Science Research ◽  
Science Research ◽  
Cultural Dimensions ◽  
Cultural Formulation ◽  
Simplified Approach ◽  
Clinician Training ◽  
Dsm 5 ◽  
Training Research ◽  
Cultural Formulation Interview

While social science research has demonstrated the importance of culture in shaping psychiatric illness, clinical methods for assessing the cultural dimensions of illness have not been adopted as part of routine care. Reasons for limited integration include the impression that attention to culture requires specialized skills, is only relevant to a subset of patients from unfamiliar backgrounds, and takes too much time to be useful. The DSM-5 Cultural Formulation Interview (CFI), published in 2013, was developed to provide a simplified approach to collecting information needed for cultural assessment. It offers a 16-question interview protocol that has been field tested at sites around the world. However, little is known about how CFI implementation has affected training, health services, and clinical outcomes. This article offers a comprehensive narrative review that synthesizes peer-reviewed, published studies on CFI use. A total of 25 studies were identified, with sample sizes ranging from 1 to 460 participants. In all pilot CFI studies 960 unique subjects were enrolled, and in final CFI studies 739 were enrolled. Studies focused on how the CFI affects clinical practice; explored the CFI through research paradigms in medical communication, implementation science, and family psychiatry; and examined clinician training. In most studies, patients and clinicians reported that using the CFI improved clinical rapport. This evidence base offers an opportunity to consider implications for training, research, and clinical practice and to identify crucial areas for further research.

scholarly journals How Do Clinicians Prefer Cultural Competence Training? Findings from the DSM-5 Cultural Formulation Interview Field Trial

2015 ◽  
Vol 40 (4) ◽  
pp. 584-591 ◽  
Author(s):  
Neil Krishan Aggarwal ◽  
Peter Lam ◽  
Enrico G. Castillo ◽  
Mitchell G. Weiss ◽  
Esperanza Diaz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Competence ◽  
Field Trial ◽  
Cultural Formulation ◽  
Dsm 5 ◽  
Competence Training ◽  
Cultural Formulation Interview

Culture in la clínica: Evaluating the utility of the Cultural Formulation Interview (CFI) in a Mexican outpatient setting

2017 ◽  
Vol 54 (4) ◽  
pp. 466-487 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alyssa M. Ramírez Stege ◽  
Kristin Elizabeth Yarris
Keyword(s):  
Mental Illness ◽  
Outpatient Setting ◽  
Cultural Factors ◽  
Clinical Settings ◽  
Cultural Formulation ◽  
Factors Influencing ◽  
Health And Illness ◽  
Promising Development ◽  
Cultural Formulation Interview

While the classification of psychiatric disorders has been critiqued for failing to adequately account for culture, the inclusion of the Cultural Formulation Interview (CFI) in the DSM-5 has been viewed as a promising development for the inclusion of cultural factors in diagnosis and treatment of mental illness. In this study, we assess the appropriateness, acceptability, and clinical utility of the CFI among outpatients in a Mexican psychiatric hospital. Our assessment included observations of psychiatric residents’ application of the CFI with 19 patients during routine outpatient visits, along with pre- and post-CFI interviews to determine providers’ and patients’ views of the CFI. The CFI was generally well received by providers and patients, viewed as a way of building trust and increasing providers’ understanding of contextual factors influencing mental illness, such as social support. However, the CFI questions specifically related to “culture” were of limited effect and both patients and providers did not view them as useful. We discuss implications for the clinical assessment of cultural factors influencing mental health and illness and for the incorporation of the CFI in Mexican clinical settings.

DSM-5® Handbook on the Cultural Formulation Interview

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roberto Lewis-Fernández ◽  
Neil Krishan Aggarwal ◽  
Ladson Hinton ◽  
Devon E. Hinton ◽  
Laurence J. Kirmayer
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Formulation ◽  
Dsm 5 ◽  
Cultural Formulation Interview

Training on the DSM-5 Cultural Formulation Interview improves cultural competence in general psychiatry residents: A pilot study

2017 ◽  
Vol 54 (2) ◽  
pp. 179-191 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stacia Mills ◽  
Anna Q. Xiao ◽  
Kate Wolitzky-Taylor ◽  
Russell Lim ◽  
Francis G. Lu
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Competence ◽  
Cultural Diversity ◽  
Assessment Tool ◽  
Cultural Knowledge ◽  
Psychiatry Residents ◽  
Cultural Formulation ◽  
Dsm 5 ◽  
General Psychiatry ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Cultural Formulation Interview

The objective of this study was to assess whether a 1-hour didactic session on the DSM-5 Cultural Formulation Interview (CFI) improves the cultural competence of general psychiatry residents. The main hypothesis was that teaching adult psychiatry residents a 1-hour session on the CFI would improve cultural competence. The exploratory hypothesis was that trainees with more experience in cultural diversity would have a greater increase in cultural competency scores. Psychiatry residents at a metropolitan, county hospital completed demographics and preintervention questionnaires, were exposed to a 1-hour session on the CFI, and were given a postintervention questionnaire. The questionnaire was an adapted version of the validated Cultural Competence Assessment Tool . Paired samples t tests compared pre- to posttest change. Hierarchical linear regression assessed whether pretraining characteristics predicted posttest scores. The mean change of total pre- and posttest scores was significant ( p = .002), as was the mean change in subscales Nonverbal Communications ( p < .001) and Cultural Knowledge ( p = .002). Demographic characteristics did not predict higher posttest scores (when covarying for pretest scores). Psychiatry residents’ cultural competence scores improved irrespective of previous experience in cultural diversity. More research is needed to further explore the implications of the improved scores in clinical practice.

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