scholarly journals Reviews of Interleukin-37: Functions, Receptors, and Roles in Diseases

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hailin Jia ◽  
Jing Liu ◽  
Bo Han
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Antitumor Effect ◽  
Ischemia Reperfusion Injury ◽  
Ischemia Reperfusion ◽  
Endotoxin Shock ◽  
The Body ◽  
Immunosuppressive Factor ◽  
Novel Targets ◽  
Family Cytokine ◽  
Potential Antitumor

Interleukin-37 (IL-37) is an IL-1 family cytokine discovered in recent years and has 5 different isoforms. As an immunosuppressive factor, IL-37 can suppress excessive immune response. IL-37 plays a role in protecting the body against endotoxin shock, ischemia-reperfusion injury, autoimmune diseases, and cardiovascular diseases. In addition, IL-37 has a potential antitumor effect. IL-37 and its receptors may serve as novel targets for the study, diagnosis, and treatment of immune-related diseases and tumors.

scholarly journals Pharmacological Benefits and Risk of Using Hormones in Organ Perfusion and Preservation Solutions in the Aspect of Minimizing Hepatic Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury during Storage

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aneta Ostróżka-Cieślik ◽  
Barbara Dolińska
Keyword(s):  
Ischemia Reperfusion Injury ◽  
Ischemia Reperfusion ◽  
Liver Perfusion ◽  
The Body ◽  
Valuable Component ◽  
Hepatic Ischemia ◽  
Current State ◽  
Vital Functions ◽  
Preservation Solutions ◽  
Hepatic Ischemia Reperfusion

For several years, research has been carried out on the effectiveness of solutions for perfusion and preservation of organs, including the liver. There is a search for an optimal pharmacological composition of these solutions, allowing to preserve or improve vital functions of the organ for as long as possible until it is transplanted into a recipient. Hormones due to their properties, often resulting from their pleiotropic effects, may be a valuable component for optimizing the composition of liver perfusion and preservation solutions. The paper presents the current state of knowledge on liver perfusion and preservation solutions modified with hormones. It also shows the characteristics of the hormones evaluated, taking into account their physiological functions in the body.

scholarly journals Production of Hydrogen Sulfide by Fermentation in Rumen and Its Impact on Health and Production of Animals

Processes ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (9) ◽  
pp. 1169
Author(s):  
Ali Mujtaba Shah ◽  
Jian Ma ◽  
Zhisheng Wang ◽  
Rui Hu ◽  
Xueying Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Sulfide ◽  
Ischemia Reperfusion Injury ◽  
Ischemia Reperfusion ◽  
Animal Health ◽  
Rumen Fermentation ◽  
Intestinal Wall ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
The Body ◽  
Sulfide Concentration ◽  
Production Of Hydrogen

Hydrogen sulfide is a Janus-faced molecule with many beneficial and toxic effects on the animal health. In ruminants, rumen fermentation plays a vital role in the digestion and absorption of nutrients. During rumen fermentation, the production of hydrogen sulfide can occur, and it can be rapidly absorbed into the body of the animals through the intestinal wall. If the production of hydrogen sulfide concentration is higher in the rumen, it can cause a toxic effect on ruminants known as poliomyelitis. The production of hydrogen sulfide depends on the population of sulfate-reducing bacteria in the rumen. In rodents, H2S maintains the normal physiology of the gastrointestinal tract and also improves the healing of the chronic gastric ulcer. In the gut, H2S regulates physiological functions such as inflammation, ischemia–reperfusion injury and motility. In this review article, we summarize the toxicity occurrence in the body of animals due to high levels of hydrogen sulfide production and also recent progress in the studies of physiological function of H2S in the gut, with a special emphasis on bacteria-derived H2S is discussed in this review.

scholarly journals RNA-Seq identifies condition-specific biological signatures of ischemia-reperfusion injury in the human kidney

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (S1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Meeyoung Park ◽  
Chae Hwa Kwon ◽  
Hong Koo Ha ◽  
Miyeun Han ◽  
Sang Heon Song
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Cell Growth ◽  
Reperfusion Injury ◽  
Ischemia Reperfusion Injury ◽  
Ischemia Reperfusion ◽  
Human Kidney ◽  
Biological Pathways ◽  
Ischemia And Reperfusion ◽  
Som Clustering ◽  
And Migration

Abstract Background Acute kidney injury (AKI) is defined as a sudden event of kidney failure or kidney damage within a short period. Ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) is a critical factor associated with severe AKI and end-stage kidney disease (ESKD). However, the biological mechanisms underlying ischemia and reperfusion are incompletely understood, owing to the complexity of these pathophysiological processes. We aimed to investigate the key biological pathways individually affected by ischemia and reperfusion at the transcriptome level. Results We analyzed the steady-state gene expression pattern of human kidney tissues from normal (pre-ischemia), ischemia, and reperfusion conditions using RNA-sequencing. Conventional differential expression and self-organizing map (SOM) clustering analyses followed by pathway analysis were performed. Differential expression analysis revealed the metabolic pathways dysregulated in ischemia. Cellular assembly, development and migration, and immune response-related pathways were dysregulated in reperfusion. SOM clustering analysis highlighted the ischemia-mediated significant dysregulation in metabolism, apoptosis, and fibrosis-related pathways, while cell growth, migration, and immune response-related pathways were highly dysregulated by reperfusion after ischemia. The expression of pro-apoptotic genes and death receptors was downregulated during ischemia, indicating the existence of a protective mechanism against ischemic injury. Reperfusion induced alterations in the expression of the genes associated with immune response such as inflammasome and antigen representing genes. Further, the genes related to cell growth and migration, such as AKT, KRAS, and those related to Rho signaling, were downregulated, suggestive of injury responses during reperfusion. Semaphorin 4D and plexin B1 levels were also downregulated. Conclusions We show that specific biological pathways were distinctively involved in ischemia and reperfusion during IRI, indicating that condition-specific therapeutic strategies may be imperative to prevent severe kidney damage after IRI in the clinical setting.

scholarly journals Sca-1 influences the innate immune response during skeletal muscle regeneration

2011 ◽  
Vol 300 (2) ◽  
pp. C287-C294 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kimberly K. Long ◽  
Grace K. Pavlath ◽  
Monty Montano
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Immune Response ◽  
Extracellular Matrix ◽  
Innate Immunity ◽  
Muscle Regeneration ◽  
Ischemia Reperfusion Injury ◽  
Ischemia Reperfusion ◽  
Primary Source ◽  
Innate Immune ◽  
Skeletal Muscle Regeneration

Efficient muscle regeneration requires the clearance of dead and dying tissue via phagocytosis before remodeling. We have previously shown that mice lacking stem cell antigen-1 (Sca-1) display a defect in skeletal muscle regeneration characterized by increased fibrosis and decreased turnover of the extracellular matrix. In the present study we demonstrate that Sca-1−/− mice have a defect in their capacity to recruit soluble IgM, and subsequently C3 complement, to damaged muscle. We hypothesize that this defect in recruitment delays or decreases phagocytosis by macrophages, contributing to the previously observed fibrotic phenotype of these mice. As the primary source of soluble IgM is peritoneal B-1a cells, which are a subset of self-renewing B cells, we analyzed this cell population and observed a significant reduction in B-1a cells in Sca-1−/− animals. Interestingly, these mice are protected from ischemia-reperfusion injury, an acute inflammatory reaction also mediated by IgM and C3 complement that has been linked to a deficit in B-1a cells in previous studies. Collectively, these data reveal a novel role for Sca-1 in innate immunity during muscle regeneration and indicate that further elucidation of immuno-myogenic processes will help to better understand and promote muscle regeneration.

scholarly journals Neuroprotective and Anti-Inflammatory Effect of Pterostilbene Against Cerebral Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury via Suppression of COX-2

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wenjun Yan ◽  
Dongqing Ren ◽  
Xiaoxue Feng ◽  
Jinwen Huang ◽  
Dabin Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cerebral Ischemia ◽  
Inflammatory Cytokines ◽  
Ischemia Reperfusion Injury ◽  
Infarct Volume ◽  
Neuroprotective Effect ◽  
Ischemia Reperfusion ◽  
Polymorphonuclear Leucocyte ◽  
The Body ◽  
Cox 2 ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

Background: The incidence of cerebral ischemia disease leading cause of death in human population worldwide. Treatment of cerebral ischemia remains a clinical challenge for researchers and mechanisms of cerebral ischemia remain unknown. During the cerebral ischemia, inflammatory reaction and oxidative stress plays an important role. The current investigation scrutinized the neuroprotective and anti-inflammatory role of pterostilbene against cerebral ischemia in middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) rodent model and explore the underlying mechanism.Methods: The rats were divided into following groups viz., normal, sham, MCAO and MCAO + pterostilbene (25 mg/kg) group, respectively. The groups received the oral administration of pterostilbene for 30 days followed by MCAO induction. The neurological score, brain water content, infarct volume and Evan blue leakage were estimated. Hepatic, renal, heart, inflammatory cytokines and inflammatory mediators were estimated.Results: Pterostilbene treatment significantly (p < 0.001) improved the body weight and suppressed the glucose level and brain weight. Pterostilbene significantly (p < 0.001) reduced the hepatic, renal and heart parameters. Pterostilbene significantly (p < 0.001) decreased the level of glutathione (GSH), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and decreased the level of malonaldehyde (MDA), 8-Hydroxy-2′-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG). Pterostilbene significantly (p < 0.001) inflammatory cytokines and inflammatory parameters such as cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), inducible nitric oxidase synthase (iNOS) and prostaglandin (PGE2). Pterostilbene significantly (p < 0.001) down-regulated the level of metalloproteinases (MMP) such as MMP-2 and MMP-9. Pterostilbene suppressed the cellular swelling, cellular disintegration, macrophage infiltration, monocyte infiltration and polymorphonuclear leucocyte degranulation in the brain.Conclusion: In conclusion, Pterostilbene exhibited the neuroprotective effect against cerebral ischemia in rats via anti-inflammatory mechanism.

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