scholarly journals Characterization of the Antioxidant Effects of γ-Oryzanol: Involvement of the Nrf2 Pathway

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. Rungratanawanich ◽  
G. Abate ◽  
M. M. Serafini ◽  
M. Guarienti ◽  
M. Catanzaro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nuclear Translocation ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Quinone Reductase ◽  
Glutathione Synthetase ◽  
Heme Oxygenase 1 ◽  
Hek 293 ◽  
Human Embryonic Kidney Cells ◽  
Nrf2 Pathway ◽  
Protein Levels ◽  
Age Related

γ-Oryzanol (ORY) is well known for its antioxidant potential. However, the mechanism by which ORY exerts its antioxidant effect is still unclear. In this paper, the antioxidant properties of ORY were investigated for its potential effects as a reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (ROS/RNS) scavenger and in activating antioxidant-promoting intracellular pathways utilizing the human embryonic kidney cells (HEK-293). The 24 h ORY exposure significantly prevented hydrogen peroxide- (H2O2-) induced ROS/RNS production at 3 h, and this effect was sustained for at least 24 h. ORY pretreatment also enhanced the activity of antioxidant enzymes: superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GPX). Interestingly, ORY induced the nuclear factor (erythroid-derived 2)-like 2 (Nrf2) nuclear translocation and upregulation of Nrf2-dependent defensive genes such as NAD(P)H quinone reductase (NQO1), heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1), and glutathione synthetase (GSS) at mRNA and protein levels in both basal condition and after H2O2 insult. Thus, this study suggested an intriguing effect of ORY in modulating the Nrf2 pathway, which is also involved in regulating longevity as well as age-related diseases.

scholarly journals Anti-Inflammatory and Antioxidant Effects of Soroseris hirsuta Extract by regulating iNOS/NF-κB and NRF2/HO-1 Pathways in Murine Macrophage RAW 264.7 Cells

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
pp. 4711
Author(s):  
Woo Jin Lee ◽  
Wan Yi Li ◽  
Sang Woo Lee ◽  
Sung Keun Jung
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Nuclear Translocation ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Raw 264.7 Cells ◽  
Heme Oxygenase 1 ◽  
Raw 264.7 ◽  
Related Factor ◽  
Iκb Kinase ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Antioxidant Effects

Until now, the physiological effects of Soroseris hirsuta were primarily unknown. Here we have evaluated the anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects of Soroseris hirsuta extract (SHE) on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-activated murine macrophages RAW 264.7 cells. SHE inhibited nitric oxide expression and inducible nitric oxide synthase expression in RAW 264.7 cells treated with LPS. Moreover, SHE suppressed LPS-induced phosphorylation of IκB kinase, inhibitor of kappa B, p65, p38, and c-JUN N-terminal kinase. Western blot and immunofluorescence analyses showed that SHE suppressed p65 nuclear translocation induced by LPS. Furthermore, SHE inhibited the reactive oxygen species in LPS-treated RAW 264.7 cells. SHE significantly increased heme oxygenase-1 expression and the nuclear translocation of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2. SHE suppressed LPS-induced interleukin-1β mRNA expression in RAW 264.7 cells. Thus, SHE is a promising nutraceutical as it displays anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties.

scholarly journals Floridoside Exhibits Antioxidant Properties by Activating HO-1 Expression via p38/ERK MAPK Pathway

Marine Drugs ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 105 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tingting Niu ◽  
Gaoqing Fu ◽  
Jiawei Zhou ◽  
Hui Han ◽  
Juanjuan Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nuclear Translocation ◽  
Mapk Pathway ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Human Hepatocyte ◽  
Related Factor ◽  
Nrf2 Pathway ◽  
Erk Mapk ◽  
Antioxidant Mechanism ◽  
Extracellular Signal ◽  
Inhibitor Treatment

Floridoside is a low-molecular-weight organic compound, which can be accumulated by red algae under stressful conditions to protect cells via its excellent antioxidant properties. In the present study, we investigated the antioxidant mechanism of floridoside toward human hepatocyte L-02 cells. We found that floridoside had no toxicity to L-02 cells, and no reactive oxidative species were induced by it either. However, the expression of hemoxygenase-1 (HO-1) protein was up-regulated upon exposure to floridoside, and two antioxidant enzymes, superoxide dismutase (SOD) and GSH-Px, were activated by floridoside. Moreover, we investigated the pathway involved in the production of these antioxidants, p38/extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) MAPK-nuclear factor-erythroid-2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) pathway. ERK1/2 and p38 phosphorylation, nuclear translocation of Nrf2, and activation of ARE luciferase activity were observed upon exposure to floridoside. siRNA interference and inhibitor treatment suppressed the HO-1 expression and the phosphorylation of ERK1/2 and p38, respectively. These results indicated that floridoside exerted its antioxidant activity by activating HO-1 expression via p38/ERK MAPK-Nrf2 pathway in human hepatocyte L-02 cells.

Heme oxygenase expression and Nrf2 signaling during hibernation in ground squirrelsThis article is one of a selection of papers published in a Special Issue on Oxidative Stress in Health and Disease.

2010 ◽  
Vol 88 (3) ◽  
pp. 379-387 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhouli Ni ◽  
Kenneth B. Storey
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Heme Oxygenase ◽  
Nuclear Translocation ◽  
Muscle Power ◽  
Ground Squirrels ◽  
Heme Oxygenase 1 ◽  
Antioxidant Defences ◽  
Protein Levels ◽  
Brown Adipose ◽  
Distribution Studies

Mammalian hibernation is composed of long periods of deep torpor interspersed with brief periods of arousal in which the animals, fueled by high rates of oxygen-based thermogenesis in brown adipose tissue and skeletal muscle, power themselves back to euthermic (~37 °C) body temperatures. Strong antioxidant defences are important both for long-term cytoprotection during torpor and for coping with high rates of reactive oxygen species generated during arousal. The present study shows that the antioxidant enzyme heme oxygenase 1 (HO1) is strongly upregulated in selected organs of thirteen-lined ground squirrels (Spermophilus tridecemlineatus) during hibernation. Compared with euthermic controls, HO1 mRNA transcript levels were 1.4- to 3.8-fold higher in 5 organs of hibernating squirrels, whereas levels of the constitutive isozyme HO2 were unchanged. Similarly, HO1 protein levels increased by 1.5- to 2.0-fold in liver, kidney, heart, and brain during torpor. Strong increases in the levels of the Nrf2 transcription factor and its heterodimeric partner protein, MafG, in several tissues indicated the mechanism of activation of hibernation-responsive HO1 gene expression. Furthermore, subcellular distribution studies with liver showed increased nuclear translocation of both Nrf2 and MafG in torpid animals. The data are consistent with the suggestion that Nrf2-mediated upregulation of HO1 expression provides enhanced antioxidant defence to counter oxidative stress in hibernating squirrels during torpor and (or) arousal.

scholarly journals Heme Oxygenase 1 Impairs Glucocorticoid Receptor Activity in Prostate Cancer

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (5) ◽  
pp. 1006 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daiana Leonardi ◽  
Nicolás Anselmino ◽  
Javier Brandani ◽  
Felipe Jaworski ◽  
Alejandra Páez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Glucocorticoid Receptor ◽  
Western Blot ◽  
Heme Oxygenase ◽  
Nuclear Translocation ◽  
Heme Oxygenase 1 ◽  
Castration Resistant Prostate Cancer ◽  
Protein Levels ◽  
Pre Treatment

Glucocorticoids are used during prostate cancer (PCa) treatment. However, they may also have the potential to drive castration resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) growth via the glucocorticoid receptor (GR). Given the association between inflammation and PCa, and the anti-inflammatory role of heme oxygenase 1 (HO-1), we aimed at identifying the molecular processes governed by the interaction between HO-1 and GR. PCa-derived cell lines were treated with Hemin, Dexamethasone (Dex), or both. We studied GR gene expression by RTqPCR, protein expression by Western Blot, transcriptional activity using reporter assays, and nuclear translocation by confocal microscopy. We also evaluated the expression of HO-1, FKBP51, and FKBP52 by Western Blot. Hemin pre-treatment reduced Dex-induced GR activity in PC3 cells. Protein levels of FKBP51, a cytoplasmic GR-binding immunophilin, were significantly increased in Hemin+Dex treated cells, possibly accounting for lower GR activity. We also evaluated these treatments in vivo using PC3 tumors growing as xenografts. We found non-significant differences in tumor growth among treatments. Immunohistochemistry analyses revealed strong nuclear GR staining in almost all groups. We did not observe HO-1 staining in tumor cells, but high HO-1 reactivity was detected in tumor infiltrating macrophages. Our results suggest an association and crossed modulation between HO-1 and GR pathways.

Perspectives for gallotannins neuroprotective potential - current experimental evidences

10.20883/172 ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 85 (4) ◽  
pp. 317 ◽  
Author(s):  
Radosław Kujawski ◽  
Małgorzata Kujawska ◽  
Marcin Ożarowski ◽  
Justyna Baraniak ◽  
Halina Laskowska ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Neuroprotective Effect ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Heme Oxygenase 1 ◽  
Neurocognitive Performance ◽  
Active Metabolites ◽  
Hydrolyzable Tannins ◽  
Sugar Moiety ◽  
Age Related

Gallotannins are class of hydrolyzable tannins consisting of gallic acid and a sugar moiety. Currently, there is growing interest around a possible neuroprotective effect of this class of phytochemicals, which is suggested to be a result of their active metabolites. Evidence from experimental studies has suggested that tannin‑rich plant preparations might be effective at reversing neurodegenerative pathology and age‑related declines in neurocognitive performance. This mini‑review summarizes, based on experimental studies, current knowledge about diverse neuroprotective abilities of gallotannins, mostly via antioxidant properties and some mechanisms of the effect are proposed including blocking accumulation of nitrites, inhibiting expression and activity of heme oxygenase 1(HO-1), and decreasing degradation of poly(ADP‑ribose) glycohydrolase (PARP).

scholarly journals Apigenin Attenuates Oxidative Injury in ARPE-19 Cells thorough Activation of Nrf2 Pathway

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xinrong Xu ◽  
Min Li ◽  
Weiwei Chen ◽  
Haitao Yu ◽  
Yan Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nuclear Translocation ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Underlying Mechanism ◽  
Current Data ◽  
Cell Viability Assay ◽  
Cytotoxic Effects ◽  
Protein Levels ◽  
Viability Assay ◽  
Mrna And Protein Expression ◽  
Induced Apoptosis

The current study was aimed at evaluating the therapeutic implication of apigenin and to elucidate the underlying mechanism. Thetert-butyl hydroperoxide (t-BHP) at 200 μM was used to induce oxidative stress-associated injury in ARPE-19 cells. Apigenin at concentrations less than 800 μM did not cause cytotoxic effects on ARPE-19 cells. Cell viability assay showed that apigenin at 200 μM significantly promoted cell survival int-BHP-treated ARPE-19 cells. Additionally, apigenin at 100 μM significantly protected ARPE-19 cells fromt-BHP-induced apoptosis. Molecular examinations demonstrated that apigenin at 400 μM significantly upregulated the mRNA and protein expression of Nrf2 and stimulated its nuclear translocation in ARPE-19 cells treated with or withoutt-BHP. Apigenin 400 μM also significantly elevated the expression of HO-1, NQO1, and GCLM at both mRNA and protein levels in the presence or absence oft-BHP. Furthermore, apigenin at 400 μM significantly increased the activities of SOD, CAT, GSH-PX, and T-AOC and reduced the levels of ROS and MDA int-BHP-treated ARPE-19 cells. However, these effects of apigenin were all abolished by being transfected with Nrf2 siRNA. Collectively, our current data indicated that apigenin exerted potent antioxidant properties in ARPE-19 cells challenged witht-BHP, which were dependent on activation of Nrf2 signaling.

scholarly journals N-acetylcysteine alleviates PCB52-induced hepatotoxicity by repressing oxidative stress and inflammatory responses

PeerJ ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. e9720
Author(s):  
Wen-Tao Zhou ◽  
Li-Bin Wang ◽  
Hao Yu ◽  
Kai-Kai Zhang ◽  
Li-Jian Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Cell Viability ◽  
Inflammatory Responses ◽  
Heme Oxygenase 1 ◽  
Related Factor ◽  
Nuclear Factor ◽  
Oxygen Species ◽  
Nrf2 Pathway ◽  
Protein Levels ◽  
Saline Pretreatment

Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), particularly low chlorinated congeners in our environment, can induce human hepatotoxicity. However, the mechanisms by which PCBs cause hepatotoxicity remain elusive. Moreover, there are no effective treatments for this condition. In this study, 40 μM PCB52 was administered to rat (Brl-3A) and human hepatocytes (L-02) for 48 h following the N-acetylcysteine (NAC)/saline pretreatment. A significant decrease in cell viability was observed in PCB52-treated cells relative to the control. Besides, PCB52 significantly increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels and malondialdehyde (MDA) contents, suggesting induction of oxidative stress. The expression of Traf6, MyD88, and Tnf in Brl-3A cells and that of MYD88, TNF, and IL1B in L-02 cells were significantly upregulated by PCB52. Consistently, overexpression of TLR4, MyD88, Traf6, and NF-κB p65 proteins was observed in PCB52-treated cells, indicating activation of inflammatory responses. Nevertheless, no changes in kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 (keap1), nuclear factor-erythroid 2-related factor (nrf2), and heme oxygenase-1 proteins were observed in PCB52-treated cells, indicating non-activation of the keap1/nrf2 pathway. Pretreatment with NAC significantly ameliorated PCB52 effects on cell viability, ROS levels, MDA contents and expression of inflammatory elements at both RNA and protein levels. However, no changes in keap1, nrf2 and HO-1 protein levels were detected following NAC pretreatment. Taken together, with non-activated keap1/nrf2 pathway, PCB52-induced oxidative stress and inflammatory responses could be responsible for its hepatotoxicity. These effects were effectively attenuated by NAC pretreatment, which scavenges ROS and dampens inflammatory responses. This study might provide novel strategies for the treatment of the PCBs-associated hepatotoxic effects.

scholarly journals Perspectives for gallotannins neuroprotective potential - current experimental evidences

2016 ◽  
Vol 85 (4) ◽  
pp. 317-322
Author(s):  
Radosław Kujawski ◽  
Małgorzata Kujawska ◽  
Marcin Ożarowski ◽  
Justyna Baraniak ◽  
Halina Laskowska ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Neuroprotective Effect ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Heme Oxygenase 1 ◽  
Neurocognitive Performance ◽  
Active Metabolites ◽  
Hydrolyzable Tannins ◽  
Sugar Moiety ◽  
Age Related

Gallotannins are class of hydrolyzable tannins consisting of gallic acid and a sugar moiety. Currently, there is growing interest around a possible neuroprotective effect of this class of phytochemicals, which is suggested to be a result of their active metabolites. Evidence from experimental studies has suggested that tannin-rich plant preparations might be effective at reversing neurodegenerative pathology and age-related declines in neurocognitive performance. This mini-review summarizes, based on experimental studies, current knowledge about diverse neuroprotective abilities of gallotannins, mostly via antioxidant properties and some mechanisms of the effect are proposed including blocking accumulation of nitrites, inhibiting expression and activity of heme oxygenase 1(HO-1), and decreasing degradation of poly(ADP-ribose) glycohydrolase (PARP).

scholarly journals A Nature-Inspired Nrf2 Activator Protects Retinal Explants from Oxidative Stress and Neurodegeneration

Antioxidants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 1296
Author(s):  
Maria Grazia Rossino ◽  
Rosario Amato ◽  
Marialaura Amadio ◽  
Michela Rosini ◽  
Filippo Basagni ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Nuclear Translocation ◽  
Apoptotic Cell ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Antioxidant Response ◽  
Structural Features ◽  
Related Factor ◽  
Retinal Diseases ◽  
Protein Levels ◽  
Retinal Explants

Oxidative stress (OS) plays a key role in retinal dysfunctions and acts as a major trigger of inflammatory and neurodegenerative processes in several retinal diseases. To prevent OS-induced retinal damage, approaches based on the use of natural compounds are actively investigated. Recently, structural features from curcumin and diallyl sulfide have been combined in a nature-inspired hybrid (NIH1), which has been described to activate transcription nuclear factor erythroid-2-related factor-2 (Nrf2), the master regulator of the antioxidant response, in different cell lines. We tested the antioxidant properties of NIH1 in mouse retinal explants. NIH1 increased Nrf2 nuclear translocation, Nrf2 expression, and both antioxidant enzyme expression and protein levels after 24 h or six days of incubation. Possible toxic effects of NIH1 were excluded since it did not alter the expression of apoptotic or gliotic markers. In OS-treated retinal explants, NIH1 strengthened the antioxidant response inducing a massive and persistent expression of antioxidant enzymes up to six days of incubation. These effects resulted in prevention of the accumulation of reactive oxygen species, of apoptotic cell death, and of gliotic reactivity. Together, these data indicate that a strategy based on NIH1 to counteract OS could be effective for the treatment of retinal diseases.

scholarly journals Astaxanthin Promotes Nrf2/ARE Signaling to Alleviate Renal Fibronectin and Collagen IV Accumulation in Diabetic Rats

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaoyu Zhu ◽  
Yongjun Chen ◽  
Qing Chen ◽  
Huiyuan Yang ◽  
Xi Xie
Keyword(s):  
Nuclear Translocation ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Collagen Iv ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Heme Oxygenase 1 ◽  
Related Factor ◽  
Stress Effect ◽  
Superoxide Dismutase 1 ◽  
Antioxidative Stress ◽  
Underlying Mechanisms

Astaxanthin (AST), a natural keto-carotenoid classified as a xanthophyll, is well known for its antioxidant properties. AST can ameliorate the pathological characteristics of diabetic nephropathy (DN). However, the underlying mechanisms remain to be explored. This study was aimed at exploring whether AST exerts a protective effect on DN via activating nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2– (Nrf2–) antioxidative response element (ARE) signaling. Streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats were treated with AST for 12 weeks. We found that AST treatment ameliorated renal morphological injury. Reduced fibronectin and collagen IV protein expression were found in the kidneys of diabetic rats. Furthermore, AST promoted the nuclear translocation of Nrf2 and increased its downstream protein heme oxygenase-1 and superoxide dismutase 1 expression. AST also increased the activity of SOD and decreased malondialdehyde generation in the serum of diabetic rats. These results suggest that the renoprotective effect of AST on DN partly depends on Nrf2–ARE signaling. The antioxidative stress effect of AST is responsible for the activation of Nrf2–ARE signaling in DN.

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