scholarly journals High-Density Lipoprotein Reduction Differentially Modulates to Classical and Nonclassical Monocyte Subpopulations in Metabolic Syndrome Patients and in LPS-Stimulated Primary Human Monocytes In Vitro

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Johanna L. Grün ◽  
Aaron N. Manjarrez-Reyna ◽  
Angélica Y. Gómez-Arauz ◽  
Sonia Leon-Cabrera ◽  
Felix Rückert ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
High Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Human Monocyte ◽  
High Density ◽  
Human Monocytes ◽  
Low Hdl ◽  
Monocyte Subpopulations

The effect of metabolic syndrome on human monocyte subpopulations has not yet been studied. Our main goal was to examine monocyte subpopulations in metabolic syndrome patients, while also identifying the risk factors that could directly influence these cells. Eighty-six subjects were divided into metabolic syndrome patients and controls. Monocyte subpopulations were quantified by flow cytometry, and interleukin- (IL-) 1β secretion levels were measured by ELISA. Primary human monocytes were cultured in low or elevated concentrations of high-density lipoprotein (HDL) and stimulated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS). The nonclassical monocyte (NCM) percentage was significantly increased in metabolic syndrome patients as compared to controls, whereas classical monocytes (CM) were reduced. Among all metabolic syndrome risk factors, HDL reduction exhibited the most important correlation with monocyte subpopulations and then was studied in vitro. Low HDL concentration reduced the CM percentage, whereas it increased the NCM percentage and IL-1β secretion in LPS-treated monocytes. The LPS effect was abolished when monocytes were cultured in elevated HDL concentrations. Concurring with in vitro results, IL-1β serum values significantly increased in metabolic syndrome patients with low HDL levels as compared to metabolic syndrome patients without HDL reduction. Our data demonstrate that HDL directly modulates monocyte subpopulations in metabolic syndrome.

scholarly journals Risk factors for metabolic syndrome in adolescents / Fatores de risco para síndrome metabólica em adolescentes /

2014 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Ana Roberta Vilarouca da Silva
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
High Density Lipoprotein ◽  
International Diabetes Federation ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
High Density ◽  
Adult Treatment ◽  
Adult Treatment Panel ◽  
Sindrome Metabolica

No Brasil, a Síndrome Metabólica (SM) é desconhecida em várias regiões, e pouco estudada em diferentes populações. Isso porque, é proveniente da globalização, indicador inerente à modificação do estilo de vida da sociedade. Esta síndrome associa-se a Doenças Crônicas Não-Transmissíveis (DCNT), especialmente as cardiovasculares. E por ser multifatorial, destacam-se os níveis pressóricos e glicêmicos elevados, fatores-problema no desenvolvimento de complicações. A SM é um transtorno complexo representado por um conjunto de fatores de risco cardiovascular (a hipertensão arterial, a dislipidemia, a obesidade visceral e as manifestações de disfunção endotelial), usualmente relacionados à disposição central de gordura e à resistência à insulina(1). As três principais definições clínicas da SM em adultos utilizadas são as propostas pela Organização Mundial de Saúde (OMS), pelo National Cholesterol Education Program’s Adult Treatment Panel III (NCEP-ATP III) e pela International Diabetes Federation (IDF)(2). E em adolescentes existem adaptações(3-4). Assim, são fatores de risco para SM agregação de excesso de peso ou adiposidade central, hipertensão arterial, elevação dos triglicerídeos, diminuição do colesterol HDL (high density lipoprotein) e intolerância à glicose/resistência à insulina/diabetes mellitus tipo II (DMII). A prevalência de síndrome metabólica é variável, em função dos diferentes critérios diagnósticos utilizados. Na população pediátrica, as frequências de síndrome metabólica variam de 4,2% a 9,2%, com aumento na prevalência quando se consideram crianças e adolescentes obesos para 17,3% e 35,5%. Alguns estudos destacam que os componentes mais frequentes no diagnóstico de síndrome metabólica são a aumentada circunferência abdominal (88,1%) e pressão arterial (47,5%), seguidos de maior concentração de triglicerídeos (23,4%) e de baixo HDL-colesterol (23,3%)(5). Em se tratando do estado do Piauí, a busca à literatura revelou que até o presente momento, existe uma pesquisa em conclusão com foco na SM entre universitários e outras que iniciaram em 2014 com escolares, incluindo crianças e adolescentes de escolas públicas e privadas. Consequentemente, ainda não se conhece a sua prevalência nesses locais, assim como, não se conhece a prevalência da SM em populações específicas, como em adolescentes escolares. Levando em consideração as informações descritas anteriormente sobre os possíveis agravos que a SM pode causar, a associação às doenças cardiovasculares e ao DM2, acredita-se que a pesquisa sobre os fatores de risco para SM seja de extrema importância ao trazer dados iniciais sobre a SM, o que deverá suscitar o planejamento e a implementação de ações que tenham impacto na promoção da saúde dos estudantes.

Association of Metabolic Syndrome with the Number of Breastfed Children in Postmenopausal Korean women

2020 ◽  
Vol 23 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeonghee Hwang ◽  
Jeonghee Chi
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Body Composition ◽  
High Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Postmenopausal Women ◽  
High Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
High Density ◽  
Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽  
Mineral Density

Background: Metabolic syndrome is closely related to cardiovascular disease, and the prevalence of metabolic syndrome in postmenopausal women is increasing rapidly. Objective: The purpose of this study is to investigate the association between the number of breastfed children and the risk factors for metabolic syndrome in postmenopausal women and to evaluate the association between metabolic syndrome and bone mineral density and body composition variables in postmenopausal women depending on the number of breastfed children. Methods: Data from KNHANES V-1 and 2 (2010-2011) were used, and a total of 939 PM women with 1 to 6 breastfed children aged 65-80 years participated in this study. We divided these women into three groups (group1 with 1-2, group2 with 3-4, group3 with 5-6) depending on the number of breastfed children. Result: In analysis of the associations between metabolic syndrome and its risk factors, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol was the most negatively strongly associated with group1 (OR=0.103 [0.047-0.225]), triglyceride showed the highest association with group2 (OR=7.760 [3.770-15.97]) and group3 (OR=7.668 [4.102-14.33]). The risk factors of metabolic syndrome except for high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and triglyceride was not associated with group1, while all risk factors of metabolic syndrome displayed a high association with group2 and group3. Conclusion: The findings of the present study suggest that the number of breastfed children is significantly associated with a greater number of risk factors of metabolic syndrome in postmenopausal women, and the association between metabolic syndrome and body composition variables may differ depending on the number of breastfed children.

scholarly journals Prevalence and risk factors for dyslipidemia among adults in rural and urban China: findings from the China National Stroke Screening and prevention project (CNSSPP)

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sampson Opoku ◽  
Yong Gan ◽  
Wenning Fu ◽  
Dajie Chen ◽  
Emmanuel Addo-Yobo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
High Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Central Obesity ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
High Density ◽  
Urban China ◽  
Rural And Urban ◽  
Obesity And Diabetes ◽  
Low Hdl

Abstract Background Dyslipidemia is a modifiable risk factor for cardiovascular disease (CVD). We investigated the prevalence and associated risk factors of dyslipidemia- raised total cholesterol (TC), raised triglycerides (TG), raised low-density lipoprotein (LDL-C), low high-density lipoprotein (HDL-C), and raised non-high-density lipoprotein (non-HDL-C) in rural and urban China. Methods We analyzed data from 136,945 participants aged 40–100 years of the CNSSPP project for 2014. Dyslipidemia was defined by the NCEP-ATP III and the 2016 Chinese guidelines for the management of dyslipidemia in adults. Complete data on demographic, metabolic and lifestyle characteristics were used. Chi-square tests and multivariable logistic regression were used to obtain age- and sex-adjusted prevalence and risk factors for dyslipidemia among participants. Results A total of 53.1% participants lived in rural areas. The prevalence of dyslipidemia was similar among rural and urban participants (43.2% vs. 43.3%). Regarding the components of dyslipidemia: urban compared with rural participants had a higher prevalence of low HDL-C (20.8% vs. 19.2%), whereas the prevalence of raised LDL-C (7.8% vs. 8.3%), raised TC (10.9% vs.11.8%) and raised non-HDL-C (10.0% vs. 10.9%) were lower in urban residents, (all p < 0.001). Women were more likely to have raised TC than men (adjusted OR [AOR] =1.83, 95% confidence interval [CI]:1.75–1.91), raised LDL-C (AOR = 1.55, 95% CI: 1.47–1.63) and high non-HDL-C (AOR = 1.52 95% CI: 1.45–1.59) (all p < 0.001). Compared with rural, urban participants had higher odds of dyslipidemia: low HDL-C (AOR = 1.04, 95% CI: 1.01–1.07), and raised TG (AOR = 1.06, 95% CI: 1.04–1.09). Hypertension and current drinker were less likely to get low HDL-C with AOR 0.93 (95% CI: 0.90–0.96) and AOR 0.73 (95% CI: 0.70–75), respectively. Overweight, obesity, central obesity and diabetes had higher odds of all dyslipidemias (p < 0.001). Conclusions Low HDL-C was higher in urban areas, whereas the remaining dyslipidemia types were more common in rural areas. Dyslipidemia was more common in women in both areas of residence. Overweight, obesity, central obesity and diabetes were associated with dyslipidemias. The need to intensify intervention programs to manage dyslipidemia and risk factors should be prioritized.

Effects of high-density lipoprotein on endothelium-dependent vasorelaxation

2010 ◽  
Vol 35 (3) ◽  
pp. 319-327 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard M. McAllister ◽  
David M. Morris ◽  
Cory M. Weimer ◽  
M. Harold Laughlin
Keyword(s):  
High Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Vascular Function ◽  
Chronic Exposure ◽  
Scavenger Receptor ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
High Density ◽  
Acute Administration ◽  
Type I ◽  
Low Hdl

Studies using cultured endothelial cells have shown that high-density lipoprotein (HDL) positively modulates endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS). The purpose of this study was to test the hypotheses that positive modulation of eNOS by HDL occurs in whole vessels and that it augments endothelium-dependent vasorelaxation. To test these hypotheses, brachial arteries were obtained from swine. Endothelium-dependent and endothelium-independent vasorelaxation were determined in vitro to assess the effects of acute administration of HDL (50 μg·mL–1; n = 8) and chronic exposure to relatively high HDL concentration on vascular function (low HDL, 0.89 ± 0.02 mmol·L–1, n = 4; high HDL, 1.16 ± 0.05 mmol·L–1, n = 4; p < 0.005). Acute administration of HDL did not augment maximal endothelium-dependent vasorelaxation to bradykinin (BK) (no HDL, 82.6% ± 2.2%; HDL, 76.7% ± 3.5%; not significant (ns)). Similarly, maximal relaxation to BK was not enhanced by chronic exposure to high HDL concentrations. NO synthase (NOS) activity was also similar between groups (low HDL, 129.0 ± 19.2 counts·h–1·μg–1 protein; high HDL, 113.9 ± 47.1 counts·h–1·μg–1; ns). Consistent with NOS activity, the extent of eNOS phosphorylation at several sites was similar between low HDL and high HDL. Both apolipoprotein A-I (ApoA-I) and scavenger receptor class B type I (SR-BI) were associated with eNOS. Similar to cultured cell studies, this study demonstrates that both ApoA-I and SR-BI associate with eNOS in the vascular wall. Binding of ApoA-I and SR-BI to eNOS does not, however, result in modulation of either NO formation or endothelial function.

scholarly journals Free cholesterol transfer to high-density lipoprotein (HDL) upon triglyceride lipolysis underlies the U-shape relationship between HDL-cholesterol and cardiovascular disease

2019 ◽  
Vol 27 (15) ◽  
pp. 1606-1616 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ma Feng ◽  
Maryam Darabi ◽  
Emilie Tubeuf ◽  
Aurélie Canicio ◽  
Marie Lhomme ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
High Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Lipoprotein Lipase ◽  
Free Cholesterol ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
High Density ◽  
Knock Out ◽  
Low Hdl

Background Low concentrations of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) represent a well-established cardiovascular risk factor. Paradoxically, extremely high HDL-C levels are equally associated with elevated cardiovascular risk, resulting in the U-shape relationship of HDL-C with cardiovascular disease. Mechanisms underlying this association are presently unknown. We hypothesised that the capacity of high-density lipoprotein (HDL) to acquire free cholesterol upon triglyceride-rich lipoprotein (TGRL) lipolysis by lipoprotein lipase underlies the non-linear relationship between HDL-C and cardiovascular risk. Methods To assess our hypothesis, we developed a novel assay to evaluate the capacity of HDL to acquire free cholesterol (as fluorescent TopFluor® cholesterol) from TGRL upon in vitro lipolysis by lipoprotein lipase. Results When the assay was applied to several populations markedly differing in plasma HDL-C levels, transfer of free cholesterol was significantly decreased in low HDL-C patients with acute myocardial infarction (−45%) and type 2 diabetes (–25%), and in subjects with extremely high HDL-C of >2.59 mmol/L (>100 mg/dL) (−20%) versus healthy normolipidaemic controls. When these data were combined and plotted against HDL-C concentrations, an inverse U-shape relationship was observed. Consistent with these findings, animal studies revealed that the capacity of HDL to acquire cholesterol upon lipolysis was reduced in low HDL-C apolipoprotein A-I knock-out mice and was negatively correlated with aortic accumulation of [3H]-cholesterol after oral gavage, attesting this functional characteristic as a negative metric of postprandial atherosclerosis. Conclusions Free cholesterol transfer to HDL upon TGRL lipolysis may underlie the U-shape relationship between HDL-C and cardiovascular disease, linking HDL-C to triglyceride metabolism and atherosclerosis.

scholarly journals Prevalence and Risk Factors of Metabolic Syndrome among the Homeless in Taipei City: A Cross-Sectional Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 1716
Author(s):  
Ming Gu ◽  
Chi-Jie Lu ◽  
Tian-Shyug Lee ◽  
Mingchih Chen ◽  
Chih-Kuang Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
High Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Social Issues ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Homeless People ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
High Density ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Taipei City

The safety and health of homeless people are important social issues. Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a sub-health-risk phenomenon that has been severely aggravated worldwide in recent years. The purpose of this study was to investigate the prevalence and risk factors of MetS among the homeless in Taipei City, Taiwan. In this study, a convenience sampling was conducted at homeless counseling agencies in Taipei City from April 2018 to September 2018. A total of 297 homeless participants were recruited, from whom clinical indicators and questionnaire information were collected. Through statistical verification, analysis of variance (ANOVA), and logistic regression, we found the following main conclusions for homeless adults in Taipei: (1) The prevalence of MetS was estimated to be 53%, with 50% meeting four or more diagnostic conditions. (2) Dyslipidemia (high-density lipoprotein (HDL) deficiency and elevated triglyceride (TG)) showed the strongest association with the prevalence of MetS; more than 83% of people with HDL deficiency or hypertriglyceridemia had MetS. For the patient groups meeting more MetS diagnostic conditions, the values of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), TG, and total cholesterol (TC) increased significantly. (3) The deterioration of MetS was significantly related to the high prevalence of hyperlipidemia (HL). (4) The homeless who were divorced, separated or widowed were more likely to suffer from MetS.

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