scholarly journals Effects of Antipsychotic Drugs on the Epigenetic Modification of Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor Gene Expression in the Hippocampi of Chronic Restraint Stress Rats

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mi Kyoung Seo ◽  
Young Hoon Kim ◽  
Roger S. McIntyre ◽  
Rodrigo B. Mansur ◽  
Yena Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Restraint Stress ◽  
Antipsychotic Drugs ◽  
Epigenetic Modification ◽  
Histone H3 ◽  
Mrna Levels ◽  
Chronic Restraint Stress ◽  
Bdnf Gene ◽  
Histone H3 Acetylation ◽  
H3 Acetylation

Recent studies have shown that antipsychotic drugs have epigenetic effects. However, the effects of antipsychotic drugs on histone modification remain unclear. Therefore, we investigated the effects of antipsychotic drugs on the epigenetic modification of the BDNF gene in the rat hippocampus. Rats were subjected to chronic restraint stress (6 h/d for 21 d) and then were administered with either olanzapine (2 mg/kg) or haloperidol (1 mg/kg). The levels of histone H3 acetylation and MeCP2 binding at BDNF promoter IV were assessed with chromatin immunoprecipitation assays. The mRNA levels of total BDNF with exon IV, HDAC5, DNMT1, and DNMT3a were assessed with a quantitative RT-PCR procedure. Chronic restraint stress resulted in the downregulation of total and exon IV BDNF mRNA levels and a decrease in histone H3 acetylation and an increase in MeCP2 binding at BDNF promoter IV. Furthermore, there were robust increases in the expression of HDAC5 and DNMTs. Olanzapine administration largely prevented these changes. The administration of haloperidol had no effect. These findings suggest that the antipsychotic drug olanzapine induced histone modification of BDNF gene expression in the hippocampus and that these epigenetic alterations may represent one of the mechanisms underlying the actions of antipsychotic drugs.

scholarly journals Drosophila Ada2b Is Required for Viability and Normal Histone H3 Acetylation

2004 ◽  
Vol 24 (18) ◽  
pp. 8080-8089 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dai Qi ◽  
Jan Larsson ◽  
Mattias Mannervik
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Transcriptional Activation ◽  
Protein Complexes ◽  
P53 Protein ◽  
Polytene Chromosomes ◽  
Histone H3 ◽  
Saga Complex ◽  
Histone H3 Acetylation ◽  
H3 Acetylation

ABSTRACT Regulation of chromatin through histone acetylation is an important step in gene expression. The Gcn5 histone acetyltransferase is part of protein complexes, e.g., the SAGA complex, that interact with transcriptional activators, targeting the enzyme to specific promoters and assisting in recruitment of the basal RNA polymerase transcription machinery. The Ada2 protein directly binds to Gcn5 and stimulates its catalytic activity. Drosophila contains two Ada2 proteins, Drosophila Ada2a (dAda2a) and dAda2b. We have generated flies that lack dAda2b, which is part of a Drosophila SAGA-like complex. dAda2b is required for viability in Drosophila, and its deletion causes a reduction in histone H3 acetylation. A global hypoacetylation of chromatin was detected on polytene chromosomes in dAda2b mutants. This indicates that the dGcn5-dAda2b complex could have functions in addition to assisting in transcriptional activation through gene-specific acetylation. Although the Drosophila p53 protein was previously shown to interact with the SAGA-like complex in vitro, we find that p53 induction of reaper gene expression occurs normally in dAda2b mutants. Moreover, dAda2b mutant animals show excessive p53-dependent apoptosis in response to gamma radiation. Based on this result, we speculate that dAda2b may be necessary for efficient DNA repair or generation of a DNA damage signal. This could be an evolutionarily conserved function, since a yeast ada2 mutant is also sensitive to a genotoxic agent.

Molecular cloning and epigenetic change detection of Kiss1 during seasonal reproduction in Chinese indigenous sheep

2018 ◽  
Vol 30 (5) ◽  
pp. 734
Author(s):  
Xiaoyun He ◽  
Qiuyue Liu ◽  
Xiaoyu Li ◽  
Xiaofei Guo ◽  
Xiangyu Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Epigenetic Modification ◽  
Histone H3 ◽  
Strong Relationship ◽  
Mrna Levels ◽  
Sequencing Data ◽  
Transcription Start Sites ◽  
Indigenous Sheep ◽  
Gonadotrophin Releasing Hormone ◽  
H3 Acetylation ◽  
Short Days

Like most seasonal domesticated species, sheep are short-day breeders, which means that the reproduction axis is activated by short days. The annual photoperiodic cycle affects the amount of daylength information that is transmitted to the hypothalamic–pituitary–gonadal (HPG) axis by regulating pulsatile secretion of gonadotrophin-releasing hormone from the hypothalamus. Kisspeptin, which is encoded by Kiss1, plays a major role in reproductive seasonality. Based on results from our previous Solexa sequencing data obtained from Tan (T) and Small Tail Han (STH) sheep during anoestrus and the breeding season, full-length mRNA information for ovine Kiss1 was obtained; 894 bp in T sheep and 1145 bp in STH sheep. Both encode 135 amino acids. Additionally, T and STH sheep have different transcription start sites of Kiss1. Kiss1 expression during oestrus was significantly higher than that during dioestrus, both in T and STH sheep (P < 0.01). We also found a strong relationship between Kiss1 mRNA levels and histone H3 acetylation status in the 5′ promoter region of ovine Kiss1. These data indicated that epigenetic modification occurs during reproduction in sheep, and this is the first report that histone H3 deacetylation occurs in the hypothalamus of seasonal sheep breeders during the transition from dioestrus to oestrus.

scholarly journals Ethylene induces combinatorial effects of histone H3 acetylation in gene expression in Arabidopsis

BMC Genomics ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Likai Wang ◽  
Fan Zhang ◽  
Siddharth Rode ◽  
Kevin K. Chin ◽  
Eun Esther Ko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Histone H3 ◽  
Histone H3 Acetylation ◽  
H3 Acetylation
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