scholarly journals Immediate Uptake of Phonological Corrective Feedback in Language Learning and Retention

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Amin Naeimi ◽  
Mahnaz Saeidi ◽  
Biook Behnam
Keyword(s):  
Language Learning ◽  
Corrective Feedback ◽  
Treatment Strategies ◽  
Language Learner ◽  
Efl Learners ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Metalinguistic Feedback ◽  
Error Treatment ◽  
Learner Uptake ◽  
Phonological Errors

As language learners’ phonological errors have attracted substantial attention, error treatment strategies have become an indispensable part of teachers’ repertoire. Research has found positive effects for corrective feedback on language learner uptake; however, the effect has not been proved to be sustained over time. This quasiexperimental study sought to explore whether uptake can reflect language learning and retention through measuring the effectiveness of three common types of oral corrective feedback on Iranian EFL learners’ phonological errors. Fifty-four male intermediate-level learners received a nine-session treatment in the form of recast, elicitation, and metalinguistic feedback during story retelling tasks. Results of comparing and correlating uptake with posttest scores revealed that while recast was found to be the most effective feedback in inducing correct uptake, it was metalinguistic feedback that proved to be the most conducive in learning and retention. Besides, there was no significant relationship between the learners’ scores in uptake and their learning and retention in any groups. This suggests that EFL learners’ immediate reactions to teachers’ input-providing or output-prompting correction could not be a reflection of language development, and more consistent and continuous long-term assessment of the success of corrective feedback has to be envisaged in language teaching methodologies.

CORRECTIVE FEEDBACK AND LEARNER UPTAKE

1997 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 37-66 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roy Lyster ◽  
Leila Ranta
Keyword(s):  
Language Arts ◽  
Classroom Interaction ◽  
Corrective Feedback ◽  
French Language ◽  
Primary Level ◽  
Feedback Type ◽  
Metalinguistic Feedback ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Error Treatment ◽  
Learner Uptake

This article presents a study of corrective feedback and learner uptake (i.e., responses to feedback) in four immersion classrooms at the primary level. Transcripts totaling 18.3 hours of classroom interaction taken from 14 subject-matter lessons and 13 French language arts lessons were analyzed using a model developed for the study and comprising the various moves in an error treatment sequence. Results include the frequency and distribution of the six different feedback types used by the four teachers, in addition to the frequency and distribution of different types of learner uptake following each feedback type. The findings indicate an overwhelming tendency for teachers to use recasts in spite of the latter's ineffectiveness at eliciting student-generated repair. Four other feedback types—elicitation, metalinguistic feedback, clarification requests, and repetition—lead to student-generated repair more successfully and are thus able to initiate what the authors characterize as the negotiation of form.

scholarly journals The Effect of Immediate and Delayed Error Correction on Accuracy of EFL Learners’ Oral Production

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 93
Author(s):  
Fatemeh Safari
Keyword(s):  
Language Learning ◽  
Error Correction ◽  
English Language ◽  
Corrective Feedback ◽  
Specific Situation ◽  
Efl Learners ◽  
Oral Production ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
The Subject ◽  
English Language Institute

The concept of corrective feedback in learning a second language has gained more importance and it has been the subject of many researches during recent years. Therefore, considering some aspects that affect it such as when and how to correct, and also what types of corrective feedback are more preferable and effective is of crucial concern. The aim of this study is to find the most effective type of error correction (especially the best time: whether immediately or delayed) in the case of accuracy of Iranian EFL learners’ oral production. Thus, in order to investigate this study, 30 homogenous intermediate EFL learners were selected randomly (female) aged 13 to 30 from Tak English language institute in Dezful, Iran. The participants were divided into 2 groups of 15. For G1 errors were corrected immediately and for G2 with some delay, i.e. after finishing their speech during a term. At the end of the term, each student were asked to discuss one of the topics they have covered during the term, while their voices were recorded and transcribed later. Measures of accuracy were developed to examine the results. Data analysis indicated that both Immediate and Delayed Error Correction had positive effects on the accuracy of learners’ oral production. However, it was evident that although both types of CF were beneficial, the effects of Immediate Error Correction were larger than the other. In conclusion, regarding the specific purpose of language learning in a specific situation and classroom, it is recommended that teachers should be familiarized with all types of CF and then cautiously select the most appropriate one.

scholarly journals Learning Effect of Implicit Learning in Joining-in-type Robot-assisted Language Learning System

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (02) ◽  
pp. 105
Author(s):  
AlBara Khalifa ◽  
Tsuneo Kato ◽  
Seiichi Yamamoto
Keyword(s):  
Language Learning ◽  
Implicit Learning ◽  
Learning Style ◽  
Communication Skills ◽  
Corrective Feedback ◽  
Learning System ◽  
Experimental Results ◽  
Linguistic Knowledge ◽  
Robot Assisted ◽  
Positive Effects

The introduction of robots into language learning systems has been highly useful, especially in motivating learners to engage in the learning process and in letting human learners converse in more realistic conversational situations. This paper describes a novel robot-assisted language learning system that induces the human learner into a triad conversation with two robots through which he or she improves practical communication skills in various conversational situations. The system applies implicit learning as the main learning style for conveying linguistic knowledge, in an indirect way, through conversations on several topics. A series of experiments was conducted using 80 recruited participants to evaluate the effect of implicit learning and the retention effect in a joining-in-type robot-assisted language learning system. The experimental results show positive effects of implicit learning and repetitive learning in general. Based on these experimental results, we propose an improved method, integrating implicit learning and tutoring with corrective feedback in an adaptive way, to increase performance in practical communication skills even for a wide variety of proficiency of L2 learners.

scholarly journals Non-Verbal Communication: Why We Need It in Foreign Language Teaching and How We Can Foster It with Drama Activities

2014 ◽  
Vol VIII (2) ◽  
pp. 28-43
Author(s):  
Carola Surkamp
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Language ◽  
Language Learning ◽  
Language Learners ◽  
Language Teaching ◽  
Verbal Communication ◽  
Foreign Language Teaching ◽  
Willingness To Communicate ◽  
Language Learner ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Intercultural Encounters

Even though non-verbal communication is an essential part of communicative situations, it still is a neglected issue in foreign language teaching. This is quite surprising as no language learner can achieve communicative competence without having some knowledge of non-verbal phenomena, which make communication authentic and serve numerous functions needed for communicative success.Teaching a combination of verbal and non-verbal aspects of communication has positive effects on the language learning process in general and on the students’ willingness to communicate in particular. Furthermore, it is important for language learners to become aware of the role non-verbal communication plays in intercultural encounters. Additionally, the knowledge and awareness of the functions of non-verbal communication also help to develop literary competence since non-verbal phenomena contribute to a text’s meaning and its effect on the reader in both drama and prose.The objectives of this paper are to outline the nature and functions of non-verbal communication, to show why integrating non-verbal phenomena into different areas of FLT can be highly valuable, and to present drama activities that help sensitise students to non-verbal aspects of communication in various contexts.

A Study of Corrective Feedback in Integrated English Classrooms

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 825
Author(s):  
Xiaoling Liu ◽  
Liqiao Peng
Keyword(s):  
Language Acquisition ◽  
Corrective Feedback ◽  
English Classrooms ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Metalinguistic Feedback ◽  
Grammatical Errors ◽  
Teachers And Students ◽  
Phonological Errors ◽  
Lexical Errors ◽  
Error Types

The study is designed to explore the main CF types frequently used by teachers in Integrated English classrooms, whether CF types are related to learner error types and whether there is a discrepancy in acceptability of CF types between teachers and students. Based on the analysis, the major findings are obtained as follows: (1) teachers frequently used recast and elicitation in Integrated English classrooms, which occupied 37.1% and 22.3% respectively; (2) CF types were related to learner error types. Teachers in Integrated English Classrooms adopted recast and explicit correction more frequently to deal with phonological errors, elicitation to correct lexical errors, metalinguistic feedback to do with grammatical errors and explicit correction to treat pragmatic errors; (3) there exists discrepancy in acceptability of CF types across different errors between teachers and students in Integrated English classrooms. Teachers accepted elicitation most to deal with lexical, grammatical and pragmatic errors while students accepted explicit correction to correct these errors. The study results bring implications for teachers to make use of CF to improve the pedagogical effects and help students produce more comprehensive output for the language acquisition development.

scholarly journals The Effect of Oral Metalinguistic Corrective Feedback on Learners’ Knowledge of Pronoun among Iranian EFL Learners

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 672
Author(s):  
Fatemeh Azimi Amoli
Keyword(s):  
Language Learners ◽  
English Language ◽  
Corrective Feedback ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Efl Learners ◽  
Metalinguistic Feedback ◽  
Grammatical Errors ◽  
Post Test ◽  
Grammatical Judgment ◽  
The Impact

A great number of language learners claims that they are unable to produce the foreign language accurately without any grammatical errors at the end of their language course. In this study, the impact of oral metalinguistic corrective feedback, among various types of corrective feedback, on learners’ pronoun accuracy was considered. The participants were 74 EFL learners (46 females, 28 males) studying English at Safir English language institutes in Tehran. In order to homogenize the learners, Key English Test (KET) test was given to them. 60 learners were selected for the study and 14 learners were removed. Participants were randomly divided into two groups. One group received metalinguistic feedback and the other group received explicit correction feedback. Grammatical judgment test was used as a pretest and posttest. Eight reading passages from “Select Readings” were another instrument that was used for training through jigsaw task in this study. Then t-test was run to check the significance of the mean difference between pretest and post-test of groups. The results show the priority of experimental group (which received oral metalinguistic feedback) on control group (which received explicit feedback).

scholarly journals EFL students' attitudes toward corrective feedback: a study conducted at undergraduate level

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tanzina Halim ◽  
Rizwana Wahid ◽  
Shanjida Halim
Keyword(s):  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Language Learning ◽  
Learning Process ◽  
Corrective Feedback ◽  
Male Students ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Efl Learners ◽  
Language Classrooms ◽  
Students Attitudes ◽  
Automated Feedback

PurposeThe purpose of this study is mainly to find out the EFL learners' attitude towards corrective feedback. This paper also investigates types of learners who prefer the online or offline corrective feedback, and how feedback should be tailored to the needs of the learners.Design/methodology/approachThe study was conducted on sixty female participants who were students of levels 7 and 8 of the B. A. program (English) at King Khalid University, Saudi Arabia. They were administered a questionnaire comprising eight questions about corrective feedback from teachers individually and independently so that they could identify their own choices without any influence from other participants. The items in the questionnaire were closed items.FindingsIt was found that both types of feedbacks are essential to enhance learners' linguistic accuracy. Learners have shown their positive attitude towards teachers' corrective feedback because they consider it a motivating learning tool. Not only that the learners have expressed the view that corrective feedback is very useful in enhancing the learning process for EFL learners. On the other hand, some of the learners are not serious about going through corrective feedback given by teachers because sometimes they are unable to differentiate between what helps or hampers progress towards language learning. However, they preferred both online (immediate/automated) feedback and offline (delayed) feedback. In general, the results state that the learners have expressed the view that corrective feedback is very useful in enhancing the learning process for EFL learners.Research limitations/implicationsThis study has some limitations. The first one is the sample size. Only students from levels 7 and 8 (undergraduates) were taken into consideration. The second limitation is that the researchers focused on only one university in Saudi Arabia. The third limitation is that no male students participated in this study. The results might be different if the male students participated as well.Originality/valueOne vital point in employing CF in the language classrooms is timing. Considering the timing of corrective feedback, teachers face the problem of whether CF should be immediate (online) or delayed (offline).

scholarly journals L1 Use in EFL Classes with English-only Policy: Insights from Triangulated Data

2015 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 159-175
Author(s):  
Seyyed Hatam Tamimi Sa’d ◽  
Zohre Qadermazi
Keyword(s):  
Focus Group ◽  
Language Learning ◽  
Listening Skills ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Efl Learners ◽  
English Only ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Perceptions And Attitudes ◽  
L1 Use

This study examines the role of the use of the L1 in EFL classes from the perspective of EFL learners. The triangulated data were collected using class observations, focus group semi-structured interviews and the learners’ written reports of their perceptions and attitudes in a purposedesigned questionnaire. The participants consisted of sixty male IranianEFL learners who constituted three classes. The results indicated a strong tendency among the participants toward L1 and its positive effects on language learning; while only a minority of the learners favoured an Englishonly policy, the majority supported the judicious, limited and occasional use of the L1, particularly on the part of the teacher. The participants mentionedthe advantages as well as the disadvantages of the use/non-use of the L1. While the major advantage and the main purpose of L1 use was said to be the clarification and intelligibility of instructions, grammatical and lexical items, the main advantages of avoiding it were stated as being the improvement of speaking and listening skills, maximizing learners’ exposureto English and their becoming accustomed to it. The study concludes that, overall and in line with the majority of the previous research studies, a judicious, occasional and limited use of the L1 is a better approach to take in EFL classes than to include or exclude it totally. In conclusion, a reexamination of the English-only policy and a reconsideration of the role of the L1 are recommended. Finally, the commonly held assumption that L1 is a hindrance and an impediment to the learners’ language learning is challenged.

scholarly journals A Comparative Study of the Impact of Metalinguistic Feedback and Explicit Correction on the Writing Performance of Iranian EFL Learners

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 132
Author(s):  
Yazdan Azizi Khah ◽  
Majid Farahian
Keyword(s):  
Corrective Feedback ◽  
Writing Performance ◽  
Efl Learners ◽  
English As Foreign Language ◽  
Written Corrective Feedback ◽  
Proficiency Level ◽  
Metalinguistic Feedback ◽  
Grammatical Errors ◽  
Writing Assignment ◽  
The Impact

<p>The present study aimed at investigating the impact of two different strategies of providing written corrective feedback on English as foreign language (EFL) learners’ writing performance. To achieve this goal, sixty EFL learners who participated in the study were assigned into two groups. Throughout the period of the study, two techniques of written feedback, metalinguistic feedback and explicit correction feedback were put into practice as the treatment. The first writing assignment was used as the pretest and the last writing assignment was the posttest. To determine the proficiency level of the participants, A Nelson English Proficiency Test was used. The result of the paired t-tests showed that the writing performance of two groups improved; however, the independent t-test was performed between the posttests of the two groups indicated that the group with metalinguistic feedback had greater improvement than the group which received the explicit correction feedback. The findings suggest that providing teacher corrective feedback is effective in reducing EFL learners’ grammatical errors and improves their writing achievement.</p>

scholarly journals Investigating the Effects of Three Types of Corrective Feedback on the Acquisition of English Wh-question Forms by Iranian EFL Learners

2011 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 97 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ehsan Rassaei ◽  
Ahmad Moinzadeh
Keyword(s):  
Data Analysis ◽  
Corrective Feedback ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Efl Learners ◽  
Delayed Effects ◽  
Metalinguistic Feedback ◽  
Post Test

The current research examines the immediate and delayed effects of three types of corrective feedback, namely recasts, metalinguistic feedback, and clarification requests, on the acquisition of English wh-question forms by Iranian EFL learners. To this end, 134 Iranian EFL learners comprising 4 intact classes participated in the study. Learners in 3 intact classes which were designated as feedback groups received feedback during a meaning-focused task, while learners in the control group received no feedback. The results of data analysis revealed the effectiveness of metalinguistic feedback and recasts in both immediate and delayed post-tests. Further inspection of the results revealed that while metalinguistic feedback was more effective than recasts in the immediate post-test, recasts had a more stable and enduring effect, compared with metalinguistic feedback, on learners' performance in the delayed post-test.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document