scholarly journals Protective Effect of Citrulline on the Hearts of Rats with Sepsis Induced by Cecal Ligation and Puncture

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Ji-qiu Zhou ◽  
Xiong Xu ◽  
Wei-wei Zhen ◽  
Yu-long Luo ◽  
Bin Cai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Protective Effect ◽  
Inflammatory Cell ◽  
Cecal Ligation ◽  
Blood Cell Count ◽  
Sod Activity ◽  
Cardiac Tissues ◽  
Blood Tests ◽  
Blood Biochemical ◽  
Neutrophil Percentage ◽  
Myocardial Fibers

Purpose. To investigate the protective effect of citrulline (Cit) on the hearts of rats with sepsis. Methods. Wistar rats were divided into the normal, sham-operated, CLP, Cit, and CLP+Cit groups. Routine blood tests were performed, and the blood biochemical indexes were measured. Pathological changes in the cardiac tissues were observed. The levels of NO and iNOS in blood and SOD activity and MDA levels in the heart were measured. Results. Less inflammatory cell infiltration of the myocardial fibers and significantly decreased white blood cell count, absolute neutrophil count, neutrophil percentage, CK, HBDH, and NO (all P<0.05) were detected in the CLP+Cit group compared with the CLP group. In addition, SOD activity and MDA levels in heart tissues were, respectively, higher and lower in the CLP+Cit group than in the CLP group (both P<0.05). Conclusions. Cit reduces pathological damage in the heart and enhances the heart’s antioxidant capacity, thereby protecting cardiomyocytes.

scholarly journals Upregulation of Heme Oxygenase-1 by Hemin Alleviates Sepsis-Induced Muscle Wasting in Mice

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiongwei Yu ◽  
Wenjun Han ◽  
Changli Wang ◽  
Daming Sui ◽  
Jinjun Bian ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Heme Oxygenase ◽  
Muscle Atrophy ◽  
Muscle Wasting ◽  
Cecal Ligation ◽  
Skeletal Muscle Atrophy ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Heme Oxygenase 1 ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Sod Activity

Hemin, an inducer of heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1), can enhance the activation of HO-1. HO-1 exhibits a variety of activities, such as anti-inflammatory, antioxidative, and antiapoptotic functions. The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of hemin on sepsis-induced skeletal muscle wasting and to explore the mechanisms by which hemin exerts its effects. Cecal ligation and perforation (CLP) was performed to create a sepsis mouse model. Mice were randomly divided into four groups: control, CLP, CLP plus group, and CLP-hemin-ZnPP (a HO-1 inhibitor). The weight of the solei from the mice was measured, and histopathology was examined. Cytokines were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Real-time quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) and Western blotting were used to assess the expression levels of HO-1 and atrogin-1. Furthermore, we investigated the antioxidative effects of HO-1 by detecting malondialdehyde (MDA) levels and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity. CLP led to dramatic skeletal muscle weakness and atrophy, but pretreatment with hemin protected mice against CLP-mediated muscle atrophy. Hemin also induced high HO-1 expression, which resulted in suppressed proinflammatory cytokine and reactive oxygen species (ROS) production. The expression of MuRF1 and atrogin-1, two ubiquitin ligases of the ubiquitin-proteasome system- (UPS-) mediated proteolysis, was also inhibited by increased HO-1 levels. Hemin-mediated increases in HO-1 expression exert protective effects on sepsis-induced skeletal muscle atrophy at least partly by inhibiting the expression of proinflammatory cytokines, UPS-mediated proteolysis, and ROS activation. Therefore, hemin might be a new treatment target against sepsis-induced skeletal muscle atrophy.

Protective effect of quercetin on lipopolysaccharide-induced acute lung injury in mice by inhibiting inflammatory cell influx

2014 ◽  
Vol 239 (12) ◽  
pp. 1653-1662 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lian Wang ◽  
Jinming Chen ◽  
Bo Wang ◽  
Dingqian Wu ◽  
Hao Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acute Lung Injury ◽  
Lung Injury ◽  
Protective Effect ◽  
Inflammatory Cell

Platycodin D Ameliorates Acute Kidney Injury in Septic Rats by Regulating Mitogen Activated Protein Kinase Pathway

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 270-276
Author(s):  
Jianying Wang ◽  
Xiaoting Yu
Keyword(s):  
Acute Kidney Injury ◽  
Protein Kinase ◽  
Protective Effect ◽  
Cecal Ligation ◽  
Kidney Injury ◽  
B Cell Lymphoma ◽  
Mitogen Activated Protein Kinase ◽  
Cecal Ligation And Puncture ◽  
Platycodin D ◽  
Mitogen Activated Protein

Acute kidney injury is a severe complication of sepsis. We have shown a protective effect of Platycodin D on sepsis induced acute kidney injury in an animal model that employs cecal ligation and puncture. Cecal ligation and puncture induced a series of degenerative changes in kidney, such as edema, hyperemia, and expansion in glomerular capillary, and inflammatory cells infiltration that were attenuated by Platycodin D. Also, rise in proinflammatory cytokine levels in septic rats was blunted by Platycodin D. Furthermore, Platycodin D administration reduced rise in serum levels of kidney injury markers-blood urea nitrogen and serum creatinine-in septic rats. Moreover, Platycodin D administration also suppressed the cell apoptosis in kidney that was associated with enhanced B-cell lymphoma 2 protein and reduced cleaved cysteine-aspartic protease-3 and BCL2-associated X protein. Lastly, Platycodin D administration attenuated sepsis-induced increase of phospho (p)-extracellular signal-regulated kinase, p-c-Jun NH2-terminal kinase, and p-p38. In conclusion, Platycodin D demonstrated protective effect against sepsis induced acute kidney injury through inactivation of mitogen activated protein kinase pathways, thus providing promising therapeutic strategy for the treatment of sepsis.

scholarly journals Protective Effects and Mechanisms of Rosuvastatin on Acute Kidney Injury Induced by Contrast Media in Rats

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Zehui Jiang ◽  
Jun Zhang ◽  
Yuanan Lu
Keyword(s):  
Protective Effect ◽  
Contrast Medium ◽  
Renal Injury ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Inflammatory Factors ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Renal Tubules ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Sod Activity ◽  
Biochemical Indicators

Objective. To explore the protective effect and mechanism of rosuvastatin on acute renal injury induced by a nonionic hypotonic contrast medium in rats. Methods. Forty-eight healthy adult SD rats were randomly divided into three groups: normal control group (NC); contrast medium control group (CM); and rosuvastatin intervention group (RI). The RI group was intragastrically administered with a 10 mg/kg of rosuvastatin 12 h prior to the contrast exposure. All rats in CM and RI groups were inoculated with 10 mL/kg of chemical (IV) while the same volume of saline for the NC group. At 24 h and 72 h posttreatments, pathomorphological changes of renal tubules were documented, respectively, and several biochemical indicators were tested to assess renal injury of experimental rats. Results. Compared with the CM group, rats in the RI group showed significantly reduced injury of kidneys and decreased levels of biochemical indicators such as blood Scr, blood Cys-C, urine NAG, urine α1-MG, and urine mALB. The serum Hs-CRP in the CM group increased significantly from 24 h to 72 h (p<0.05), but this was not observed in the rats of the RI group. In addition, SOD activity in the RI group was significantly increased (p<0.01) while SOD activity in renal tissue decreased significantly with time in the CM group (p<0.05). Conclusion. Short-term intervention with rosuvastatin can lead to reduced kidney damage associated with the contrast agent by reducing the levels of inflammatory factors and oxidative stress. Thus, rosuvastatin intervention has a protective effect on rats from contrast-induced nephropathy.

scholarly journals Red Grape Pomace Rich in Polyphenols Diet Increases the Antioxidant Status in Key Organs—Kidneys, Liver, and Spleen of Piglets

Animals ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 149 ◽  
Author(s):  
Veronica Sanda Chedea ◽  
Laurentiu Mihai Palade ◽  
Rodica Stefania Pelmus ◽  
Catalin Dragomir ◽  
Ionelia Taranu
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Antioxidant Status ◽  
Total Antioxidant Status ◽  
Good Health ◽  
Grape Pomace ◽  
Mesenteric Lymph Nodes ◽  
Polyphenol Content ◽  
Sod Activity ◽  
Blood Biochemical

The aim of this work was to evaluate the influence of a diet containing 5% dried GP on the antioxidant status (total antioxidant status (TAS), antioxidant enzyme activity (catalase-CAT, superoxide dismutase-SOD, and gluthatione peroxidase-GPx), and lipid peroxidation) on the key organs of the liver, kidneys, and spleen in relation to health status as indicated by blood biochemical parameters and total polyphenol content in the blood, organs (liver, spleen, kidney, mesenteric lymph nodes, heart, and brain) and Longissimus dorsi muscle in piglets. The GP diet results in a significant increase of TAS in the liver, spleen, and kidneys, with increased CAT activity in the spleen and kidneys, increased SOD activity in the liver, kidneys, and spleen, and increased GPx activity in the kidneys, as well as a decrease in lipid peroxidation in the liver and kidneys. The GP included in the piglets’ feed contained polyphenols that showed antioxidant activity and were absorbed in the plasma, contributing to maintaining the good health of the animals. The inclusion of 5% GP inclusion in the diets of piglets is beneficial for overall normal blood constituent metabolism and helps to maintain piglet health by increasing the polyphenol content in blood plasma and antioxidant activity in the liver, spleen, and kidneys.

Protective effect of β-glucan on lung injury after cecal ligation and puncture in rats

2005 ◽  
Vol 31 (6) ◽  
pp. 865-870 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hulya Babayigit ◽  
Can Kucuk ◽  
Erdogan Sozuer ◽  
Cevad Yazici ◽  
Kader Kose ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lung Injury ◽  
Protective Effect ◽  
Cecal Ligation ◽  
Cecal Ligation And Puncture

Protective effect of febuxostat in sepsis-induced liver and kidney injuries after cecal ligation and puncture with the impact of xanthine oxidase, interleukin 1β, and c-Jun N-terminal kinases

2020 ◽  
Vol 39 (7) ◽  
pp. 906-919 ◽  
Author(s):  
YF Ibrahim ◽  
RR Fadl ◽  
SAE Ibrahim ◽  
MF Gayyed ◽  
AMA Bayoumi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Protective Effect ◽  
Xanthine Oxidase ◽  
Tissue Injury ◽  
Cecal Ligation ◽  
Elevated Serum ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Cecal Ligation And Puncture ◽  
Necrosis Factor Alpha ◽  
Liver And Kidney ◽  
The Impact

Sepsis is one of the most common causes of death among hospitalized patients. Activity of xanthine oxidase (XO), a reactive oxygen species-producing enzyme, is known to be elevated in septic patients. Our aim was to investigate the possible protective role of XO inhibitor, febuxostat (FEB), in a rat model of sepsis-induced liver and kidney injures. Adult male albino rats were divided into four groups ( n = 12 each): sham control, sham + FEB, cecal ligation and puncture (CLP), and CLP + FEB groups. FEB (10 mg/kg per os (p.o.)) was given once daily for 2 days and 30 min prior to laparotomy with CLP. CLP was associated with a high mortality rate accompanied by significant liver and kidney injuries indicated by elevated serum alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, urea, and creatinine levels and confirmed by histopathological tissue injury. Moreover, there was an increase in neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin, uric acid, malondialdehyde, and nitric oxide levels and with decreased superoxide dismutase activity and total antioxidant capacity. In addition, CLP caused increased expression of the inflammatory markers tumor necrosis factor alpha, interleukin 1beta protein levels, and nuclear factor kappa B immunoexpression. Finally, CLP operated rats exhibited an upregulation in the apoptotic mediators, caspase 3, and P-C-Jun N-terminal kinases (JNK) proteins. FEB treatment of CLP rats caused a significant improvement and normalization in all measured parameters. Moreover, FEB amerliorates degenerative histopathological changes and improves the overall survival rate. In conclusion, FEB exhibited a protective effect in sepsis-induced liver and kidney injuries most probably through its anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and antiapoptotic properties and attenuating JNK signaling pathway secondary to its XO enzyme inhibitory activity.

scholarly journals Development of a Novel Pharmaceutical Formula of Nanoparticle Lipid Carriers of Gentamicin/α-Tocopherol and In Vivo Assessment of the Antioxidant Protective Effect of α-Tocopherol in Gentamicin-Induced Nephrotoxicity

Antibiotics ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 234 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mahmoud A. Elfaky ◽  
Abrar K. Thabit ◽  
Alaa Sirwi ◽  
Usama A. Fahmy ◽  
Raghdah M. Bahabri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Protective Effect ◽  
Kidney Function ◽  
Plasma Levels ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Glycol Succinate ◽  
Plasma Parameters ◽  
Sod Activity ◽  
Innovative Strategy ◽  
Significant Difference

Gentamicin is a potent antibiotic with a nephrotoxicity drawback which limits its use. D-α-tocopherol polyethylene glycol succinate (α-tocopherol) is widely used as a surfactant and have potent antioxidant properties. This study aimed to assess the protective effect of α-tocopherol on gentamicin-induced nephrotoxicity by loading gentamicin on nanostructured lipid carriers (NLC). In vivo, the product was administered intravenously to three groups of rabbits (control, gentamicin and gentamicin/α-tocopherol NLC) for 10 consecutive days. Blood was collected on days 1, 5 and 10 to assess renal function. A significant difference in all plasma parameters related to kidney function were observed in the gentamicin group compared to the control by day 5 and 10, confirming the nephrotoxicity effect. On the other hand, the same parameter levels of the NLC group were significantly different compared to the gentamicin group, confirming the protective effect on kidney function. Gentamicin also caused significant decreases in plasma levels of glutathione sulfhydryl (GSH) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity. However, gentamicin-α-tocopherol NLC significantly elevates both plasma levels of GSH as well as SOD activity. The present work indicates that, loading of gentamicin on NLC by using α-tocopherol, is an innovative strategy to protect against aminoglycoside-induced nephrotoxicity due to its antioxidant activity.

Effect of Astragalosides on Intracellular Calcium Overload in Cultured Cardiac Myocytes of Neonatal Rats

2005 ◽  
Vol 33 (01) ◽  
pp. 11-20 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dan Meng ◽  
Xiang-Jian Chen ◽  
Yun-Yun Bian ◽  
Ping Li ◽  
Di Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sarcoplasmic Reticulum ◽  
Protective Effect ◽  
Intracellular Calcium ◽  
Cardiac Myocytes ◽  
Myocardial Injury ◽  
Chinese Herb ◽  
Calcium Overload ◽  
Neonatal Rats ◽  
Active Components ◽  
Sod Activity

Astragalosides were the main active components from a native Chinese herb Astragalus membranaceus. Recent studies have shown that Astragalosides have a protective effect on myocardial injury in rats. The present study was designed to investigate the effect of Astragalosides on intracellular calcium overload and sarcoplasmic reticulum calcium load (SR Ca 2+ load) in cultured cardiac myocytes from neonatal rats. Astragalosides (100 μg/ml) were incubated in the presence of isoproterenol (ISO) (10-5 M) for 72 hours in cardiomyocytes. Metoprorol (10-6 M), a β1-selective antagonist, was cultured in the same condition as Astragalosides. The result showed that intracellular calcium concentration ([ Ca 2+] i ) and SR Ca 2+ load increased in ISO-treated cardiac myocytes as compared to control (P<0.01). Astragalosides prevented ISO-induced increase in [ Ca 2+] i and SR Ca 2+ load. Metoprolol also inhibited those increase. The mRNA expression and activity of sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca 2+ ATPase (SERCA) were enhanced following ISO treatment in cardiac myocytes, and these increases were inhibited by Astragalosides or metoprolol (P<0.05). The decrease of superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity and the elevation of intracellular maleic dialdehyde (MDA) were observed after ISO treatment in cardiac myocytes. Both Astragalosides and metoprolol restored the SOD activity and reduced the level of MDA. We conclude that Astragalosides have the effects on reducing [ Ca 2+] i and SR Ca 2+ load, enhancing free radical removal and decreasing lipid peroxidation in ISO-treated cardiomyocytes, which might account for their protective effect on myocardial injury.

Chemoprotection of ethylene glycol monoethyl ether-induced reproductive toxicity in male rats by kolaviron, isolated biflavonoid from Garcinia kola seed

2011 ◽  
Vol 31 (5) ◽  
pp. 506-517 ◽  
Author(s):  
IA Adedara ◽  
EO Farombi
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin E ◽  
Ethylene Glycol ◽  
Protective Effect ◽  
Reproductive Toxicity ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Antioxidant Systems ◽  
Sod Activity ◽  
Garcinia Kola ◽  
Monoethyl Ether ◽  
Glycol Monoethyl Ether

The present study investigated the protective effect of kolaviron, a biflavonoid from the seed of Garcinia kola, on ethylene glycol monoethyl ether (EGEE)–induced reproductive toxicity in male rats. The protective effect of kolaviron was validated using vitamin E, a standard antioxidant. EGEE was administered at a dose of 200 mg/kg. Other groups of rats were simultaneously treated with kolaviron (100 and 200 mg/kg) and vitamin E (50 mg/kg) for 14 days. EGEE treatment resulted in significant decrease in glutathione (GSH) level, superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) activities but markedly increased the glutathione-S-transferase (GST) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) activities in the testes. In the spermatozoa, administration of EGEE caused significant decrease in the activities of CAT, GPx, GST and LDH as well as in the level of GSH but significantly increased SOD activity with concomitant increase in hydrogen peroxide and malondialdehyde levels in both testes and spermatozoa. EGEE-exposed rats showed marked testicular degeneration with concomitant decrease in spermatozoa quantity and quality. Overall, EGEE causes reproductive dysfunction in rats by altering antioxidant systems in the testes and spermatozoa. Kolaviron or vitamin E exhibited protective effects against EGEE-induced male reproductive toxicity by enhancement of antioxidant status and improvement in spermatozoa quantity and quality.

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