scholarly journals Infected Renal Cyst as a Complication of Dropped Gallstones during Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Chelsea Kennedy-Snodgrass ◽  
Vivian Keenan ◽  
Douglas S. Katz
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy ◽  
Ct Scan ◽  
Renal Cyst ◽  
Early Recognition ◽  
Common Complication ◽  
Abdominal Ct ◽  
Abdominal Ct Scan ◽  
Substantial Morbidity

Dropped gallstones are a relatively common complication, occurring in 3% to 32% of laparoscopic cholecystectomies performed, depending on various intraoperative risk factors. However, complications arising from dropped gallstones are relatively rare, occurring in fewer than 1% of such patients, and can include abscesses and inflammatory masses confined to the subhepatic space, presenting days to years later. We report a patient who developed an infected renal cyst as a result of dropped gallstones, which created a fistula from the duodenum to a previously simple right renal cyst, which was initially identified on an abdominal CT scan. Dropped gallstones can result in substantial morbidity in a minority of patients following cholecystectomy performed for cholecystitis, and a high clinical as well as radiological index of suspicion may be required for accurate early recognition and treatment.

RISK FACTORS FOR OUTCOMES OF PATIENTS WITH HISTOLOGICALLY PROVEN CHECKPOINT-INHIBITOR COLITIS

2021 ◽  
Vol 27 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S36-S37
Author(s):  
Elida Voth ◽  
Srishti Saha ◽  
Laura Raffals ◽  
Darrell Pardi ◽  
Sahil Khanna
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Multivariate Analysis ◽  
Ct Scan ◽  
Metastatic Disease ◽  
Checkpoint Inhibitor ◽  
Adverse Outcomes ◽  
Smoking History ◽  
Cancer Stage ◽  
Abdominal Ct ◽  
Abdominal Ct Scan

Abstract Background Immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICPI)-mediated diarrhea and colitis is the leading cause of discontinuation of ICPI therapy in patients with malignancy. Existing literature on predictors of adverse outcomes is limited. We evaluated the association between risk factors, concomitant Clostridioides difficile infection (CDI), and abdominal CT scan findings of colitis on outcomes in patients with ICPI-related diarrhea and colitis. Methods A retrospective study was conducted for patients who received an ICPI for treatment of malignancy and developed diarrhea or colitis, with endoscopic findings consistent with ICPI colitis. Variables including smoking history, proton pump inhibitor (PPI) use, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory (NSAID) use, concomitant CDI, and abdominal CT scan findings were extracted. The Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events (CTCAE) criteria was used to determine diarrhea and colitis severity. We analyzed the effect on risk factors on outcomes including hospitalization rates, diarrhea and colitis severity, and mortality at 1 year. Statistical analysis comprised of descriptive statistics and univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses. Results There were 33 patients with histologically proven ICPI-related colitis with median age 70 years (28–92). Seventeen patients (52%) had melanoma and 24 patients (73%) had metastatic disease (Table 1). There was no association between age, gender, smoking history, PPI use, NSAID use on rates of hospitalization, toxicity severity, or mortality related to ICPI-related diarrhea or colitis (p>0.05) on univariate analysis. CDI at diagnosis was associated with a higher grade of toxicity (p=0.04) and higher rate of mortality at 1-year follow-up (p=0.03) compared to patients with a negative GI pathogen panel; however, this effect was not seen on multivariate analysis controlling for age and cancer stage (p>0.05). In patients with metastatic malignancy, there were significant higher rates of hospitalization for ICPI-colitis compared to those without metastatic disease on multivariate analysis controlling for age (OR, 4.53 [95% CI, 1.11–35.99]). In patients with CT scan findings consistent with colitis, there was a significantly higher rate of hospitalization compared to patients without these imaging findings on multivariate analysis controlling for age and cancer stage (OR, 2.99 [95% CI, 1.22–6.64]). Conclusions Patients with metastatic malignancy or CT scan findings consistent with colitis had a significantly higher rate of hospitalization for ICPI colitis compared to patients with non-metastatic disease or without radiographic features of colitis. CDI at diagnosis was associated with mortality and higher grade of toxicity. Further investigation is needed to examine predictors of adverse outcomes with use of ICPI to reduce morbidity and mortality in this patient population.

TRAUMA GINJAL

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 52-57
Author(s):  
Noflih Sulistia ◽  
Bambang Soeprijanto ◽  
Indrastuti Normahayu ◽  
Lenny Violetta
Keyword(s):  
Ct Scan ◽  
Pediatric Patients ◽  
Radiological Examination ◽  
Renal Trauma ◽  
Abdominal Ct ◽  
Abdominal Ct Scan

Renal trauma in children is more common than in adults. Clinically in pediatric patients with renal trauma do not always describe the degreeof trauma. Radiological examination, especially abdominal CT-scan with contrast, can help evaluate the damage to the kidneys so that it candetermine the degree of trauma.

Study on the Radiation Dose of Abdominal CT Scan Using Dual Energy

2018 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 123-132
Author(s):  
Dae-hyun Park ◽  
Young-Kyoon Kim ◽  
Jong-Ho Ahn ◽  
Kwang-Hyun Chang ◽  
Yoon-Chul Nam ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Radiation Dose ◽  
Ct Scan ◽  
Dual Energy ◽  
Abdominal Ct ◽  
Abdominal Ct Scan

scholarly journals Splenic abscess caused by Streptococcus anginosus bacteremia secondary to urinary tract infection: a case report and literature review

Open Medicine ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 997-1002
Author(s):  
Hao Wu ◽  
Rui Zheng
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Tract Infection ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Tract Infection ◽  
Ct Scan ◽  
Splenic Abscess ◽  
Low Density ◽  
Abdominal Ct ◽  
Streptococcus Anginosus ◽  
Abdominal Ct Scan ◽  
Tract Infections

AbstractOrgan abscesses caused by Streptococcus anginosus are relatively rare. We report the case of an elderly woman with splenic abscess caused by S. anginosus bacteremia after urinary tract infection. An 82-year-old woman had a history of frequency of urination, urgency, and fever with chills for over 10 days prior to admission. An abdominal computed tomography (CT) scan performed in the emergency room revealed a low-density lesion in the spleen, kidney cysts, some exudation around the kidney, and cystitis should be valued. She was treated with ceftriaxone and imipenem/cilastatin. After admission, the blood culture yielded positive results for S. anginosus. A contrast-enhanced abdominal CT scan showed that the low-density lesion previously found in the spleen was smaller than before. After percutaneous drainage of the splenic abscess and treatment with piperacillin/tazobactam based on the antibiotic sensitivity pattern, repeated abdominal CT scan revealed a significant reduction in the low-density lesion. The patient was discharged without recurrence or complications. A systematic review of organ abscess caused by S. anginosus bacteremia was performed. To our knowledge, there has been no report of splenic abscess caused by S. anginosus bacteremia secondary to urinary system tract infection, although urinary tract infections are also an important source.

scholarly journals Small intestine duplication cyst with recurrent hematochezia: a case report and literature review

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhicheng Zhang ◽  
Xiaowei Huang ◽  
Qian Chen ◽  
Demin Li ◽  
Qi Zhou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Small Intestine ◽  
Case Report ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Ct Scan ◽  
Duplication Cyst ◽  
Abdominal Ct ◽  
Case Presentation ◽  
Abdominal Ct Scan ◽  
Capsule Endoscopes

Abstract Background Small intestine duplication cysts (SIDCs) are rare congenital anatomical abnormalities of the digestive tract and a rare cause of hematochezia. Case presentation We describe an adult female presented with recurrent hematochezia. The routine gastric endoscope and colonic endoscope showed no positive findings. Abdominal CT scan indicated intussusception due to the "doughnut" sign, but the patient had no typical symptoms. Two subsequent capsule endoscopes revealed a protruding lesion with bleeding in the distal ileum. Surgical resection was performed and revealed a case of SIDC measuring 6 * 2 cm located inside the ileum cavity. The patient remained symptom-free throughout a 7-year follow-up period. Conclusion SIDCs located inside the enteric cavity can easily be misdiagnosed as intussusception by routine radiologic examinations.

Comparative analysis of the radiation shield effect in an abdominal CT scan

2014 ◽  
Vol 64 (6) ◽  
pp. 929-935
Author(s):  
Seon-Chil Kim ◽  
Young-Jae Kim ◽  
Joon-Seok Lee ◽  
Kyung-Rae Dong ◽  
Woon-Kwan Chung ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Ct Scan ◽  
Radiation Shield ◽  
Abdominal Ct ◽  
Abdominal Ct Scan

Selective non-operative management of anterior abdominal stab wounds with emphasis on the value of follow-up abdominal CT scanning

Trauma ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 194-202
Author(s):  
El Yamani Fouda ◽  
Alaa Magdy ◽  
Sameh Hany Emile
Keyword(s):  
Ct Scan ◽  
Ct Scanning ◽  
Operative Management ◽  
Abdominal Ct ◽  
Management Group ◽  
Abdominal Ct Scan ◽  
Laparotomy Group ◽  
Abdominal Stab Wounds ◽  
Non Operative Management

Background and aim Selective non-operative management of patients with penetrating abdominal stabs is the preferred treatment strategy. The present study aimed to assess the efficacy and safety of non-operative management with emphasis on the value of follow-up abdominal CT scanning in management of patients with penetrating anterior abdominal stab. Patients and methods This is a retrospective chart review of stable patients with anterior abdominal stab wounds. Patients were divided in terms of initial decisions into two groups: laparotomy group and non-operative management group. Abdominal CT scan was performed for patients in the non-operative management group on admission and follow-up CT scanning was performed in cases of clinical and/or biochemical deterioration. Results The laparotomy group included 82 patients and 68.2% of them had unnecessary laparotomies. The non-operative management group comprised 97 patients and 90.7% of them did not require subsequent laparotomy. Abdominal CT scan had a sensitivity of 88.9% and specificity of 100% in detection of intra-abdominal injuries. Follow-up CT scanning detected bowel injuries missed by initial CT scan in three patients. The non-operative management group had significantly lower post-operative complication rate than the laparotomy group (4.1% vs. 18.3%), with a significantly shorter length of stay. Conclusions Non-operative management is the optimal management strategy for stable patients with penetrating anterior abdominal stab to decrease unnecessary laparotomy rates, hospital stay and costs. Follow-up abdominal CT scanning facilitated the decision making for patients selected for non-operative management and is highly sensitive in the diagnosis of patients who require subsequent exploration.

False-negative abdominal CT scan in a cocaine body stuffer

1999 ◽  
Vol 17 (7) ◽  
pp. 702-704 ◽  
Author(s):  
Janet G.H Eng ◽  
Steven E Aks ◽  
Rachel Waldron ◽  
Christopher Marcus ◽  
Stuart Issleib
Keyword(s):  
Ct Scan ◽  
False Negative ◽  
Abdominal Ct ◽  
Abdominal Ct Scan ◽  
Body Stuffer

scholarly journals A Novel Approach to Extract Exact Liver Image Boundary from Abdominal CT Scan using Neutrosophic Set and Fast Marching Method

2019 ◽  
Vol 28 (4) ◽  
pp. 517-532 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sangeeta K. Siri ◽  
Mrityunjaya V. Latte
Keyword(s):  
Ct Scan ◽  
Median Filter ◽  
Neutrosophic Set ◽  
Intensity Level ◽  
Fast Marching Method ◽  
Fast Marching ◽  
Abdominal Ct ◽  
Novel Approach ◽  
Abdominal Ct Scan ◽  
Marching Method

Abstract Liver segmentation from abdominal computed tomography (CT) scan images is a complicated and challenging task. Due to the haziness in the liver pixel range, the neighboring organs of the liver have the same intensity level and existence of noise. Segmentation is necessary in the detection, identification, analysis, and measurement of objects in CT scan images. A novel approach is proposed to meet the challenges in extracting liver images from abdominal CT scan images. The proposed approach consists of three phases: (1) preprocessing, (2) CT scan image transformation to neutrosophic set, and (3) postprocessing. In preprocessing, noise in the CT scan is reduced by median filter. A “new structure” is introduced to transform a CT scan image into a neutrosophic domain, which is expressed using three membership subsets: true subset (T), false subset (F), and indeterminacy subset (I). This transform approximately extracts the liver structure. In the postprocessing phase, morphological operation is performed on the indeterminacy subset (I). A novel algorithm is designed to identify the start points within the liver section automatically. The fast marching method is applied at start points that grow outwardly to detect the accurate liver boundary. The evaluation of the proposed segmentation algorithm is concluded using area- and distance-based metrics.

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