scholarly journals Nephroprotective Effect of Zingerone against CCl4-Induced Renal Toxicity in Swiss Albino Mice: Molecular Mechanism

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammed M. Safhi
Keyword(s):  
Treated Group ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Caspase 9 ◽  
Swiss Albino Mice ◽  
Biochemical Estimation ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Albino Mice ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Metabolizing Enzyme ◽  
Group 1

The protective effects of Zingerone against CCl4 induced nephrotoxicity in Swiss albino mice via modulation of metabolizing enzyme, oxidative stress, inflammatory cytokines, and apoptosis. The biochemical estimation indicated that the BUN and creatinine were significantly increased in group 2 (CCl4) compared to group 1 (normal) which was significantly reduced after treatment with Zingerone in group 3 when compared with group 2. The CCl4 treatment has significantly increased TBARS levels and reduced the antioxidant enzyme such as GSH, GPx, GR, GST, CAT, and SOD in group 2 compared to group 1, while the Zingerone treatment showed significant reduction in TBARS levels and increased the antioxidant enzymes in group 3 (CCl4 + Zingerone) as compared to group 2. Similarly, it was observed that CCl4 significantly increased the cytokines such as IL-1β, IL-2, and TNFα levels in group 2 as compared to group 1. The treatment with Zingerone significantly attenuated the levels of IL-1β, IL-2, and TNFα in group 3 compared to group 2. Caspase 3 and caspase 9 were also significantly increased in CCl4-treated group 2, whereas Zingerone treatment significantly reduced the elevated levels of caspases 3 and 9 in group 3 compared to group 2.

scholarly journals Efficacy of 2 Different Intratympanic Steroid Regimen on Prevention of Cisplatin Ototoxicity: An Experimental Study

2019 ◽  
pp. 014556131987431
Author(s):  
Burak Mustafa Taş ◽  
Gökçe Şimşek ◽  
Musa Azman ◽  
Rahmi Kılıç
Keyword(s):  
Otoacoustic Emission ◽  
Auditory Brainstem ◽  
Organ Injury ◽  
Auditory Brainstem Responses ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Group 4 ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

Ototoxicity is the general name of cochlear and vestibular organ injury resulting from encountering various therapeutic agents and chemical substances. Cisplatin is commonly used in the treatment of many cancers. In this study, the efficacy of intratympanic steroids was compared for preventing cisplatin ototoxicity. In this study, 32 (64 ears) rats were used by separating into 4 groups. Cisplatin was administered intraperitoneally to the first group (n = 8). Methylprednisolone and then cisplatin were administered intratympanically to the second group (n = 8). On the third group (n = 8), dexamethasone and then cisplatin were administered intratympanically. To the fourth group (n = 8), 0.9% NaCl and then cisplatin were given intratympanically. Otoacoustic emission (OAE) measurements and auditory brainstem responses (ABRs) tests were performed on all groups before and 72 hours after the procedure. Pretreatment of ABR-IV values were 4.29 ± 0.19 milliseconds in group 2 and 4.27 ± 0.16 milliseconds in group 3, whereas posttreatment ABR-IV values were 4.95 ± 0.35 milliseconds in group 2 and 4.65 ± 0.26 milliseconds in group 3. The ABR-IV values were measured significantly shorter in the rats given dexamethasone and methylprednisolone, according to control and cisplatin groups ( P < .001). Pretreatment of ABR I-IV interval values were 2.98 ± 0.34 milliseconds and 3.03 ± 0.42 milliseconds in group 1 and group 4, respectively, and ABR I-IV interval values in group 1 and group 4 posttreatment were 3.49 ± 0.39 milliseconds and 3.5 ± 0.39 milliseconds in group 1 and group 4, respectively. Auditory brainstem responses I-IV interval was significantly longer in the cisplatin and control group than in the rats given dexamethasone and methylprednisolone ( P < .001). After cisplatin treatment, OAE amplitudes decreased significantly in group 1 and group 4 for all frequencies, while OAE values were protected in methylprednisolone and dexamethasone group ( P < .001). In conclusion, it has been shown that both agents have protective effects on cisplatin ototoxicity, with dexamethasone slightly more than methylprednisolone.

scholarly journals Histomorphological evaluation of osteoclast cell count in femur bone of mice induced by anastrazole and protective effect of olive oil.

2021 ◽  
Vol 28 (12) ◽  
pp. 1837-1843
Author(s):  
Anjum Ishaque ◽  
Saima Nadeem ◽  
Shagufta Nisar ◽  
Hasnain Ali Shah ◽  
Khalid Javed ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Study ◽  
Bone Loss ◽  
Olive Oil ◽  
Cell Count ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Femur Bone ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Albino Mice ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

Objective: The objective of this study is to find out protective effect of olive oil to prevent bone loss by decreasing osteoclast count in patient receiving Anastrazole. Study Design: Experimental study. Setting: Pakistan Council for Scientific and Industrial Research (PCSIR) Animal House, Peshawar and Pathology Lab KGMC Peshawar. Period: March 2019 to December 2019. Material & Methods: Sixty female albino mice 6-8 weeks of age were selected for this experimental study and Aromatase inhibitor drug Anastrazole was given alone and in combination with olive oil once daily for 30 successive days. Femur bone samples were collected and stained with Eosin and Hematoxylin for histomorphological evaluation of osteoclast cell count in three all three groups i.e. control group, those receiving Anastrazole alone and those given Anastrazole and olive oil in combination. Results: The mean weight of all experimental female albino mice before study was 30.77- 33.05 grams and after the study was 30.84- 21.31 grams. Control group 1 which was given normal diet showed increased weight of mice with less osteoclast cell count as compared to experimental groups (2 and 3).  In group 2 (Drugged) which was given Anastrazole, weight of were lesser than control group 1 and group 3(Anastrazole + olive oil), while, osteoclast score was greater than group 1(control) and group 3 (Anastrazole + olive oil). Group3 (Drugged+ Olive oil) showed greater weight of mice than group 2 (Anastrazole) but, lesser than control group 1. Osteoclast score was greater than control group but lesser than group 2 (Anastrazole). Conclusion: The results showed positive and protective effects of olive oil against Anastrazole induced bone loss in female albino mice.

scholarly journals Role of Ajwa dates in ameliorating diclofenac sodium-induced nephrotoxicity and cardiovascular risk factors in mice

2019 ◽  
Vol 17 ◽  
pp. 205873921986157
Author(s):  
Heba M Eltahir ◽  
Naif Aljuhani ◽  
Sara A Alsubhi ◽  
Ghada M Alahmadi ◽  
Hossein M Elbadawy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Diclofenac Sodium ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Endogenous Antioxidant ◽  
Per Oral ◽  
Altered Lipid ◽  
Group 1

The study aims at evaluating the protective effects of Ajwa dates extract against diclofenac sodium (DFS)-induced nephrotoxicity. A total of 30 male albino mice were divided into three groups. Group 1 received water per oral gavage for 14 days and saline per intra-peritoneal (IP) dose for the days 12–14. Group 2 received water like Group 1 and a daily IP dose of DFS for the days 12–14. Group 3 received 1 gm/kg Ajwa extract in water for 14 days and a daily IP dose for the days 12–14. Biochemical investigation revealed DFS-induced increase in serum urea and creatinine levels along with depleted antioxidant capacity, altered lipid profile, and hyperglycemia. Ajwa extract successfully protected against DFS-induced adverse effects, normalizing renal parameters biochemically and histologically, and prevented its hyperlipidemic and hyperglycemic effects. Ajwa protected against endogenous antioxidant capacity depletion in treated animals. Hydroalcoholic Ajwa extract is a promising candidate for protection against DFS-induced hyperlipidemia and nephrotoxicity.

scholarly journals Prevention of the transmission of Babesia rossi by Haemaphysalis elliptica in dogs treated with Nexgard®

Parasite ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 26 ◽  
pp. 49 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frederic Beugnet ◽  
Wilfried Lebon ◽  
Christa de Vos
Keyword(s):  
Infection Rate ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Infected Donor ◽  
Blood Smears ◽  
Babesia Rossi ◽  
Haemaphysalis Elliptica ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

This experimental study aimed to determine the efficacy of Afoxolaner (NexGard®) to prevent Babesia rossi transmission by Haemaphysalis elliptica ticks on dogs. The study included three groups of seven dogs each. Groups 1 and 2 remained untreated, whereas group 3 dogs received NexGard® on Day 0. All dogs were infested by 50 Haemaphysalis elliptica adult ticks: Group 1 on Day 2, Group 2 on Day 28 and Group 3 on Days 2 and 28. The ticks were originally nymphs having fed on B. rossi infected donor dogs. Their infection rate, assessed by PCR, was 12.8% at Day 2 and 6% at Day 28. On Days 0, 7, 14, 21, 28, 35, 42, 49 and 56, and in case of suspicion of babesiosis, blood samples were collected for blood smears, PCR and ELISA. The B. rossi infection rate in the untreated group 1 was 100% (6/6, as one dog was inadvertently treated on Day 15 and removed from statistical analysis). The infection rate was 57.1% (4/7) in group 2, and 0% (0/7) in the afoxolaner treated group 3 at all time-points until the end of the study on Day 56. After tick removal and count 144 h after each infestation, the control groups had an arithmetic mean of ticks of 23.8 (group 1) and 26.8 (group 2). No tick was recovered from any treated dogs. This study demonstrated that NexGard® protected dogs against infection by B. rossi for at least 28 days.

scholarly journals Combined Effect of Subchondral Drilling and Hyaluronic Acid with/without Diacerein in Full-Thickness Articular Cartilage Lesion in Rabbits

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wanwisa Suwannaloet ◽  
Wiroon Laupattarakasem ◽  
Peerapol Sukon ◽  
Siriwan Ong-Chai ◽  
Pisamai Laupattarakasem
Keyword(s):  
Hyaluronic Acid ◽  
Cartilage Lesion ◽  
Type Ii Collagen ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Left Knee ◽  
Full Thickness ◽  
Grading Scale ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

The osteochondral healing potential of hyaluronic acid (HA) plus diacerein was evaluated in subchondral-drilling- (SCD-) induced fibrocartilage generation in rabbits. A full-thickness chondral defect was created along the patellar groove of both knees and then SCD was subsequently performed only in the left knee. A week later, the rabbits were allocated into 3 groups to receive weekly intra-articular (IA) injection for 5 weeks with normal saline solution (NSS) (group 1) or with HA (group 2 and group 3). Starting at the first IA injection, rabbits were also gavaged daily for 9 weeks with NSS (group 1 and group 2) or with diacerein (group 3). The animals were then sacrificed for evaluation. The newly formed tissue in SCD lesions showed significantly better histological grading scale and had higher content of type II collagen in HA-treated group compared to NSS control. In addition, adding oral diacerein to HA injection enhanced healing potential of HA.

scholarly journals Application of Long-Acting VLHL PAI-1 during Sutureless Partial Nephrectomy in Mice Reduces Bleeding

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Khaled Shahrour ◽  
Rick Keck ◽  
Jerzy Jankun
Keyword(s):  
Partial Nephrectomy ◽  
Blood Clot ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Group 4 ◽  
Final Weight ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Long Acting ◽  
Pai 1 ◽  
Group 1

PAI-1 prevents lysis of blood clot by inhibiting the urokinase and tPA induced conversion of plasminogen to plasmin. VLHL PAI-1 protein mutant was created to extend half-life over 700 hours. The objective of this paper was to test VLHL PAI-1 effects on bleeding during partial nephrectomy in mice. All animals had a left partial nephrectomy after intravenous infusion of saline or tPA. The animals were divided into four groups. Group 1 was infused with saline and kidney was exposed to saline too; Group 2 was infused with saline and kidney was exposed to PAI-1. Group 3 was infused with tPA and kidney was exposed to saline, while Group 4 was infused with tPA and kidney was exposed to PAI-1. Preweighed gauze containing PAI-1 or saline was then applied to the kidney for 30 minutes. The gauze was afterward weighed and blood loss was measured by subtracting the preweight of gauze from the final weight. We have observed a statistically significant (P≤0.05) reduction of bleeding in PAI-1-treated group in comparison to saline and tPA-treated groups. Based on these results we propose that VLHL PAI-1 can be used therapeutically in limiting the flow of blood from renal wounds.

HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor stabilizes rabbit atheroma by increasing basal NO and decreasing superoxide

2001 ◽  
Vol 281 (1) ◽  
pp. H75-H83 ◽  
Author(s):  
Navin Kumar Thakur ◽  
Toshio Hayashi ◽  
Daigo Sumi ◽  
Hatsuyo Kano ◽  
Taku Tsunekawa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Regular Diet ◽  
No Release ◽  
Enos Mrna ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Coa Reductase ◽  
Group 1

Male rabbits fed a 0.5% cholesterol diet for 8 wk were divided into three groups. Group 1 was hypercholesterolemic; group 2 was fed a regular diet for an additional 12 wk; and group 3 was fed a regular diet with simvastatin (5 mg · kg−1· day−1). Simvastatin treatment reduced the atherosclerotic area and total and esterified cholesterol concentrations in the thoracic aorta. Tone-related basal nitric oxide (NO) release was highest in group 3. Acetylcholine-induced, NO-dependent relaxation was improved in group 3 compared with group 2. Amount of endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) mRNA in vessels increased in group 1, compared with normal aorta, and decreased in group 2; however, it did not decrease in group 3. The amount of O[Formula: see text] released from vessels increased in group 1 and group 2 compared with normal rabbits; however, it decreased in group 3, especially in the endothelial cells. Peroxynitrite determined by nitrotyrosine staining decreased in group 3. Additionally, the arteries of rabbits fed a regular diet with or without simvastatin were investigated. The aorta from simvastatin-treated group showed increase of tone-related basal NO release and eNOS mRNA and decrease of O[Formula: see text]release. Taken together, upregulation of eNOS and decrease of O[Formula: see text] treatment were observed in vivo in the process of the sufficient stabilization of atheroma following simvastatin.

scholarly journals Therapeutic trial in experimental tegumentary leishmaniasis caused by Leishmania (Leishmania) amazonensis. A comparative study between mefloquine and aminosidine

2000 ◽  
Vol 33 (4) ◽  
pp. 377-382 ◽  
Author(s):  
Letícia Oba Galvão ◽  
Sebastião Moreira Júnior ◽  
Pedro Medeiros Júnior ◽  
Gleiser José Piantino Lemos ◽  
Nara Fabiana Cunha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Treated Group ◽  
Leishmania Amazonensis ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Therapeutic Trial ◽  
End Of Treatment ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
The Right ◽  
Group 1

One hundred and eighty-two male inbred C57/BL/6 mice were infected with 3 x 106 Leishmania (Leishmania) amazonensis promastigotes of the MHOM/BR/PH8 strain by means of a subcutaneous injection in the right ear. The animals were separated in three groups: 1) oral mefloquine hydrochloride treatment (16mg/kg/day/10 days), 2) intramuscular aminosidine (Paromomycin®) treatment (20mg/kg/20 days) and 3) control. Twenty six mice of each treated group were sacrificed, one at the end of treatment (nine weeks after inoculation), and one six weeks later (fifteen weeks after inoculation). Control Group animals were sacrificed at weeks six, nine and fifteen after inoculation. There was no significant difference between Group 1 (mefloquine) and Group 3 (control) subjects. Group 2 animals (aminosidine) presented the smallest differences of all, both at the end of the treatment and six weeks later. The histopato-logical parameters have shown the following findings: a) there was no significant difference between the mefloquine treated group and the control group; the group treated with aminosidine showed fewer of vacuolated macrophages than the control group, at week 9 (end of treatment). b) both at the end of treatment and six weeks later, evaluation of tissue necrosis and tissue fibrosis revealed no differences between the treated groups. It was found that six weeks after the end of treatment, mice in the control group presented significantly more severe degrees of fibrosis than mice in the other groups. It can be concluded that mefloquine showed limited therapeutic effect in this experimental model, whereas aminosidine had a significant effect. Nevertheless, neither of them resulted in cure of the lesions.

scholarly journals EFFICACY OF AMOXICILLIN (ATCOMOX®) AND/OR ALLICIN ON PERFORMANCE, HAEMATOLOGICAL, BIOCHEMICAL, AND HISTOPATHOLOGICAL CHANGES IN Clostridium perfringens INFECTED CHICKENS

2020 ◽  
Vol 57 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohamed Aboubakr ◽  
Ashraf Elkomy ◽  
Soad Belih ◽  
Mohamed Morad ◽  
Hassan Shaheen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clostridium Perfringens ◽  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Considerable Increase ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Histopathological Changes ◽  
Group 4 ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Group 5 ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

The efficacy of amoxicillin and/or allicinin healthy and experimentally Clostridium perfringens-infected broiler chickens was investigated. The chicks were equally divided into six groups, and all medications were orally administered via drinking water for five consecutive days: Group 1: non-infected and non-treated; Group 2: infected and non-treated; Group 3: infected and amoxicillin-treated (20 mg/kg b.wt); Group 4: infected and allicin-treated (25 mg/kg b.wt); Group 5: infected and treated with amoxicillin (20 mg/kg b.wt) and allicin (25 mg/kg b.wt); Group 6: infected and treated with amoxicillin (10 mg/kg b.wt) and allicin (25 mg/kg b.wt). Growth performance,haematological andbiochemical parameters were recorded. Significant decreases in total protein, albumin, RBCs, Hb, andPCV and a considerable increase in WBCs, AST, ALT, ALP, creatinine, anduric acid in infected chickens were observed. Administration amoxicillin and/or allicin for treatment of Clostridium perfringens infection resulted in improvement in haematological and biochemical changes following infection. A dose of amoxicillin (10 mg) and allicin (25 mg)/kg bwt for treatment of Clostridium perfringens infection in broiler chickens is recommended due to great synergistic effect, reduced mortality, greater safety, and increased economic potential.Key words: amoxicillin; allicin; efficacy; broilers; biochemical; hematological VPLIV AMOXICILINA (ATCOMOX®) IN ALICINA NA PRIRAST, HEMATOLOŠKE, BIOKEMIJSKE IN HISTOPATOLOŠKE SPREMEMBE PRI PIŠČANCIH, OKUŽENIH S Clostridium perfringens Povzetek: V študiji smo ugotavljali učinkovitost amoksicilina in/ali alicinina pri zdravih pitovnih piščancih in pitovnih piščancih poskusno okuženimih z bakterijo Clostridium perfringens. Piščanci so bili razdeljeni v šest skupin in so zdravila dobivali peroralno preko vode pet dni zapored. V prvi skupini so bili neokuženi in nezdravljeni piščanci, v drugi okuženi in nezdravljeni, v tretji okuženi in zdravljeni z amoksicilinom (20 mg/kg telesne mase), v četrti skupini okuženi in zdravljeni z alicinom (25 mg/kg telesne mase) v peti skupini okuženi in zdravljeni z amoksicilinom (20 mg/kg teže) in alicinom (25 mg/kg telesne mase) in v šesti skupini okuženi in zdravljeni z amoksicilinom (10 mg/kg teže) in alicinom (25 mg/kg telesne mase). Spremljali smo prirast piščancev ter njihove hematološke in biokemične parametre. Pri okuženih piščancih smo v krvi opazili znatno znižanje skupnih beljakovin, albuminov, RBC, Hb in PCV ter znatno povečanje WBC, AST, ALT, ALP, kreatinina in sečne kisline. Uporaba amoksicilina in/ali alicina za zdravljenje okužbe s Clostridium perfringens je povzročila izboljšanje hematoloških in biokemičnih sprememb po okužbi. Odmerek amoksicilina 10 mg/kg in alicina 25 mg/kg telesne mase za zdravljenje okužbe s Clostridium perfringens pri pitovnih piščancih brojlerjih se je izkazal kot najbolj učinkovit, verjetno zaradi sinergističnega učinka obeh zdravil, in je povzročil zmanjšanje smrtnosti pitovnih piščancev. Ključne besede: amoksicilin; alicin; učinkovitost; brojlerji; biokemjski parametri; hematološki parametri

Outcomes in pancreatic adenocarcinoma (PDA) patients (pts) with genetic alterations in DNA damage repair (DDR) pathways: Results from the Know Your Tumor (KYT) program.

2019 ◽  
Vol 37 (4_suppl) ◽  
pp. 191-191 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael J. Pishvaian ◽  
Edik Matthew Blais ◽  
Jonathan Robert Brody ◽  
Davendra Sohal ◽  
Andrew Eugene Hendifar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Overall Survival ◽  
Prognostic Value ◽  
Median Overall Survival ◽  
Advanced Disease ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Genetic Alterations ◽  
Damage Repair ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

191 Background: Up to 17% of PDAs harbor mutations in the DDR pathway. However, the purely prognostic relevance of these mutations is unclear. Furthermore, outcomes in response to platinum-based therapies in PDA pts harboring mutations in a broad range of DDR genes, particularly beyond BRCA1/2 and PALB2, remain unexplored. Methods: We evaluated PDA pts enrolled in the KYT registry for whom we collected cancer related exome sequencing and clinical outcomes. Pts were categorized as resected and advanced (LAPC and metastatic pts), and tumor genomic profiles were categorized as DDR mutated (DDRmut) based on the presence of pathogenic alterations in BRCA1/2, PALB2 (Group 1), ATM, ATR, ATRX (Group 2), or BAP1, BARD1, BRIP1, CHEK1/2, RAD50/51/51B, or FANCA/C/D2/E/F/G/L (Group 3). Tumors harboring no DDR mutations were labelled DDR proficient (pDDR). Median overall survival (OS) was measured from the date of diagnosis until death. Results: The OS was similar in all resected pts, irrespective of exposure to platinum therapy (see Table). However, for the pts with advanced disease, OS was significantly longer for DDRmut vs. pDDR pts, particularly in the platinum-treated group; but no such difference was identified in the platinum-naïve pts. Detailed outcomes for the 3 Groups will be presented, but in general the OS in pts with mutations in all 3 DDRmut Groups was greater than for the pDDR pts; but again this difference was lost in the platinum-naïve pts. Conclusions: Advanced DDRmut pts have an improved OS when treated with platinums, compared to pDDR pts. But, in the absence of platinum-based therapy, there is no OS difference observed in DDRmut vs. pDDR pts, suggesting that DDR status has no pure prognostic value. These findings support the need to test all pts with advanced PDA, to ensure that DDRmut pts are treated with platinum-based therapy. [Table: see text]

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