scholarly journals Electroacupuncture Ameliorates Cognitive Deficit and Improves Hippocampal Synaptic Plasticity in Adult Rat with Neonatal Maternal Separation

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lili Guo ◽  
Ximin Liang ◽  
Zhanmou Liang ◽  
Xilin Liu ◽  
Jiang He ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Synaptic Plasticity ◽  
Cognitive Function ◽  
Young Adult ◽  
Early Life ◽  
Cognitive Deficit ◽  
Maternal Separation ◽  
Schaffer Collateral ◽  
Adult Rat ◽  
Hippocampal Synaptic Plasticity ◽  
Neonatal Maternal Separation

Exposure to adverse early-life events is thought to be the risk factors for the development of psychiatric and altered cognitive function in adulthood. The purpose of this study was to investigate whether electroacupuncture (EA) treatment in young adult rat would improve impaired cognitive function and synaptic plasticity in adult rat with neonatal maternal separation (MS). Wistar rats were randomly divided into four groups: control group, MS group, MS with EA treatment (MS + EA) group, and MS with Sham-EA treatment (MS + Sham-EA) group. We evaluated the cognitive function by using Morris water maze and fear conditioning tests. Electrophysiology experiment used in vivo long-term potentiation (LTP) at Schaffer Collateral-CA1 synapses was detected to assess extent of synaptic plasticity. Repeated EA stimulation at Baihui (GV 20) and Yintang (GV 29) during postnatal 9 to 11 weeks was identified to significantly ameliorate poor performance in behavior tests and improve the impaired LTP induction detected at Schaffer Collateral-CA1 synapse in hippocampus. Collectively, the findings suggested that early-life stress due to MS may induce adult cognitive deficit associated with hippocampus, and EA in young adult demonstrated that its therapeutic efficacy may be via ameliorating deficit of hippocampal synaptic plasticity.

P2-030: DPP-4 inhibitor improves brain insulin sensitivity, but fails to restore hippocampal synaptic plasticity and cognitive function in testosterone-deprived obese rats

2015 ◽  
Vol 11 (7S_Part_10) ◽  
pp. P492-P493
Author(s):  
Hiranya Pintana ◽  
Wanpitak Pongkan ◽  
Wasana Pratchayasakul ◽  
Nipon Chattipakorn ◽  
Siriporn C. Chattipakorn
Keyword(s):  
Synaptic Plasticity ◽  
Cognitive Function ◽  
Insulin Sensitivity ◽  
Hippocampal Synaptic Plasticity ◽  
Brain Insulin ◽  
Obese Rats

scholarly journals Energy restriction combined with dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitor exerts neuroprotection in obese male rats

2016 ◽  
Vol 116 (10) ◽  
pp. 1700-1708 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hiranya Pintana ◽  
Pongpan Tanajak ◽  
Wasana Pratchayasakul ◽  
Piangkwan Sa-nguanmoo ◽  
Titikorn Chunchai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Synaptic Plasticity ◽  
Cognitive Function ◽  
Insulin Sensitivity ◽  
Mitochondrial Function ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Insulin Resistant ◽  
Hippocampal Synaptic Plasticity ◽  
Brain Insulin ◽  
Brain Mitochondrial Function

AbstractDipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DDP-4) inhibitors and energy restriction (ER) are widely used to treat insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes mellitus. However, the effects of ER or the combination with vildagliptin on brain insulin sensitivity, brain mitochondrial function, hippocampal synaptic plasticity and cognitive function in obese insulin-resistant rats have never been investigated. We hypothesised that ER with DDP-4 inhibitor exerts better efficacy than ER alone in improving cognition in obese insulin-resistant male rats by restoring brain insulin sensitivity, brain mitochondrial function and hippocampal synaptic plasticity. A total of twenty-four male Wistar rats were divided into two groups and fed either a normal diet or a high-fat diet (HFD) for 12 weeks. At week 13, the HFD rats were divided into three subgroups (n 6/subgroup) to receive one of the following treatments: vehicle, ER (60 % of energy received during the previous 12 weeks) or ER plus vildagliptin (3 mg/kg per d, p.o.) for 4 weeks. At the end of the treatment, cognitive function, metabolic parameters, brain insulin sensitivity, hippocampal synaptic plasticity and brain mitochondrial function were determined. We found that HFD-fed rats demonstrated weight gain with peripheral insulin resistance, dyslipidaemia, oxidative stress, brain insulin resistance, impaired brain mitochondrial function and cognitive dysfunction. Although HFD-fed rats treated with ER and ER plus vildagliptin showed restored peripheral insulin sensitivity and improved lipid profiles, only ER plus vildagliptin rats had restored brain insulin sensitivity, brain mitochondrial function, hippocampal synaptic plasticity and cognitive function. These findings suggest that only a combination of ER with DPP-4 inhibitor provides neuroprotective effects in obese insulin-resistant male rats.

scholarly journals Interleukin-17 induced by cumulative mild stress promoted depression-like behaviors in young adult mice

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jinho Kim ◽  
Yoo-Hun Suh ◽  
Keun-A Chang
Keyword(s):  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Young Adult ◽  
Early Life ◽  
Maternal Separation ◽  
Common Mental Disorders ◽  
Later Life ◽  
Anxiety And Depression ◽  
Interleukin 17 ◽  
Mild Stress ◽  
Adult Depression

AbstractThe number of young adult patients with major depression, one of the most common mental disorders, is gradually increasing in modern society. Stressful experiences in early life are considered one of the risk factors for chronic depressive symptoms, along with an abnormal inflammatory response in later life. Although increased inflammatory activity has been identified in patients with depression, the cause of long-lasting depressive states is still unclear. To identify the effects of cumulative mild stress in brain development periods, we generated a young adult depression mouse model exposed to cumulative mild stress (CPMS; cumulative mild prenatal stress, mild maternal separation, and mild social defeat) to mimic early life adversities. CPMS mice exhibited more long-lasting anxiety and depression-like behaviors than groups exposed to single or double combinations of mild stress in young adult age. Using the molecular works, we found that inflammatory cytokines, especially interleukin (IL)-17, upregulated microglial activation in the hippocampus, amygdala, and prefrontal cortex of CPMS mice. In the brains of CPMS mice, we also identified changes in the T helper (Th)-17 cell population as well as differentiation. Finally, anti-IL-17 treatment rescued anxiety and depression-like behavior in CPMS mice. In conclusion, we found that cumulative mild stress promoted long-lasting depressive symptoms in CPMS mice through the upregulation of IL-17. We suggest that the CPMS model may be useful to study young adult depression and expect that IL-17 may be an important therapeutic target for depression in young adults.

Developmental effects of early-life stress on dopamine D2 receptor and proteins involved in noncanonical D2 dopamine receptor signaling pathway in the prefrontal cortex of male rats

2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Maryam Mahmoodkhani ◽  
Maedeh Ghasemi ◽  
Leila Derafshpour ◽  
Mohammad Amini ◽  
Nasrin Mehranfard
Keyword(s):  
Prefrontal Cortex ◽  
Young Adult ◽  
Life Stress ◽  
Early Life ◽  
Maternal Separation ◽  
D2 Receptor ◽  
Early Life Stress ◽  
Adolescent And Young Adult ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Gsk 3Β

Abstract Objectives Dopamine neurotransmission is implicated in multiple neuropsychiatric disorders, most strikingly in Parkinson’s disease, bipolar disorder, attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder and schizophrenia. In addition to canonical pathway, D2-receptor (D2R) exerts some of its biological actions through regulating the activity of Akt and GSK3, which in turn were found to be altered in several psychiatric illnesses. The present study examined the impacts of maternal separation, an early-life stress model which has been associated with disturbed neurodevelopment and appearance of many psychiatric disorders, on developmental changes in dopamine concentration and the expression of D2Rs, Akt and GSK-3β in the medial prefrontal cortex (PFC; a key target of stress) in adolescent and young adult male rats. Methods Maternal separation was performed 3 h per day from postnatal days 2 to 11. The PFC protein and dopamine contents were determined using western blotting analysis and Eliza, respectively. Results Results indicated long-term increases in the prefrontal dopamine levels in stressed adolescent and young adult male rats, accompanied by significant downregulation of D2R as well as upregulation of p-Akt and GSK-3β contents in stressed adolescence compared to controls, with all protein levels that returned to control values in stressed adult rats. Conclusions Our findings suggest that early-life stress differentially modulates prefrontal D2R/Akt/GSK-3β levels during development. Since adolescence period is susceptible to the onset of specific mental illnesses, disruption of noncanonical components of D2R signaling during this critical period may have an important role in programming neurobehavioral phenotypes in adulthood and manipulations influencing Akt/GSK-3β pathway may improve the expression of specific dopamine-related behaviors and the effects of dopaminergic drugs.

Neonatal maternal separation and early life programming of the hypoxic ventilatory response in rats

2005 ◽  
Vol 149 (1-3) ◽  
pp. 313-324 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard Kinkead ◽  
Sophie-Emmanuelle Genest ◽  
Roumiana Gulemetova ◽  
Yves Lajeunesse ◽  
Sylvie Laforest ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Early Life ◽  
Maternal Separation ◽  
Ventilatory Response ◽  
Hypoxic Ventilatory Response ◽  
Early Life Programming ◽  
Neonatal Maternal Separation

scholarly journals Type I Interferon Receptor Signaling in Astrocytes Regulates Hippocampal Synaptic Plasticity and Cognitive Function of the Healthy CNS

Cell Reports ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 31 (7) ◽  
pp. 107666 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shirin Hosseini ◽  
Kristin Michaelsen-Preusse ◽  
Gayane Grigoryan ◽  
Chintan Chhatbar ◽  
Ulrich Kalinke ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Synaptic Plasticity ◽  
Cognitive Function ◽  
Type I Interferon ◽  
Type I ◽  
Receptor Signaling ◽  
Hippocampal Synaptic Plasticity ◽  
Interferon Receptor
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