scholarly journals Advantages of Graphene Biosensors for Human Stem Cell Therapy Potency Assays

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roxana-Maria Amărandi ◽  
Diana F. Becheru ◽  
George M. Vlăsceanu ◽  
Mariana Ioniță ◽  
Jorge S. Burns
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cell ◽  
Cell Therapy ◽  
Point Of Care ◽  
Cell Types ◽  
Small Sample ◽  
Ease Of Use ◽  
Potency Assay ◽  
Cell Therapies ◽  
Potential Biomarker ◽  
Effective Development

Regenerative medicine is challenged by the need to conform to rigorous guidelines for establishing safe and effective development and translation of stem cell-based therapies. Counteracting widespread concerns regarding unproven cell therapies, stringent cell-based assays seek not only to avoid harm but also to enhance quality and efficacy. Potency indicates that the cells are functionally fit for purpose before they are administered to the patient. It is a paramount quantitative critical quality attribute serving as a decisive release criterion. Given a broad range of stem cell types and therapeutic contexts the potency assay often comprises one of the most demanding hurdles for release of a cell therapy medicinal product. With need for improved biomarker assessment and expedited measurement, recent advances in graphene-based biosensors suggest that they are poised to be valuable platforms for accelerating potency assay development. Among several potential advantages, they offer versatility for sensitive measurement of a broad range of potential biomarker types, cell biocompatibility for direct measurement, and small sample sufficiency, plus ease of use and point-of-care applicability.

scholarly journals A REPORT ON STEM CELLS AND THEIR APPLICATIONS

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-2
Author(s):  
Shantha A R
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Stem Cell ◽  
Cell Therapy ◽  
Stem Cell Therapy ◽  
Building Blocks ◽  
Cell Types ◽  
The Body ◽  
Cell Therapies ◽  
Undifferentiated Cells ◽  
The Cost

Stem cells are the building blocks of life. They have remarkable potential to regenerate and develop into many different cell types in the body during early life and growth. They are also a class of undifferentiated cells that are able to be differentiated into specialized cells types. Stem cells are characterized by certain features such as totipotency, pluripotency, multipotency, oligopotent and unipotency. The history of stem cell research had an embryonic beginning in the mid 1800s with the discovery that few cells could generate other cells. In the 1900s the first stem cells were discovered when it was found that cells generate blood cells. Nowadays, stem cell therapy is under research and till now, a very few stem cell therapies have been regarded as safe and successful. It is also found that stem cell therapy cast a number of side effects too. The cost of the procedure too is expensive and is not easily affordable.

scholarly journals A Look into Stem Cell Therapy: Exploring the Options for Treatment of Ischemic Stroke

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cesar Reis ◽  
Michael Wilkinson ◽  
Haley Reis ◽  
Onat Akyol ◽  
Vadim Gospodarev ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Stem Cell ◽  
Ischemic Stroke ◽  
Cell Therapy ◽  
Stem Cell Therapy ◽  
Survival Rates ◽  
Cell Types ◽  
Therapeutic Benefit ◽  
Cell Therapies

Neural stem cells (NSCs) offer a potential therapeutic benefit in the recovery from ischemic stroke. Understanding the role of endogenous neural stem and progenitor cells under normal physiological conditions aids in analyzing their effects after ischemic injury, including their impact on functional recovery and neurogenesis at the site of injury. Recent animal studies have utilized unique subsets of exogenous and endogenous stem cells as well as preconditioning with pharmacologic agents to better understand the best situation for stem cell proliferation, migration, and differentiation. These stem cell therapies provide a promising effect on stimulation of endogenous neurogenesis, neuroprotection, anti-inflammatory effects, and improved cell survival rates. Clinical trials performed using various stem cell types show promising results to their safety and effectiveness on reducing the effects of ischemic stroke in humans. Another important aspect of stem cell therapy discussed in this review is tracking endogenous and exogenous NSCs with magnetic resonance imaging. This review explores the pathophysiology of NSCs on ischemic stroke, stem cell therapy studies and their effects on neurogenesis, the most recent clinical trials, and techniques to track and monitor the progress of endogenous and exogenous stem cells.

scholarly journals Toward Personalized Cell Therapies by Using Stem Cells: Seven Relevant Topics for Safety and Success in Stem Cell Therapy

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fernando de Sá Silva ◽  
Paula Nascimento Almeida ◽  
João Vitor Paes Rettore ◽  
Claudinéia Pereira Maranduba ◽  
Camila Maurmann de Souza ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Stem Cell ◽  
Cell Therapy ◽  
Cell Biology ◽  
Stem Cell Biology ◽  
Controversial Issues ◽  
Immunosuppressive Activity ◽  
Cell Therapies ◽  
Tumorigenic Potential ◽  
Wide Range

Stem cells, both embryonic and adult, due to the potential for application in tissue regeneration have been the target of interest to the world scientific community. In fact, stem cells can be considered revolutionary in the field of medicine, especially in the treatment of a wide range of human diseases. However, caution is needed in the clinical application of such cells and this is an issue that demands more studies. This paper will discuss some controversial issues of importance for achieving cell therapy safety and success. Particularly, the following aspects of stem cell biology will be presented: methods for stem cells culture, teratogenic or tumorigenic potential, cellular dose, proliferation, senescence, karyotyping, and immunosuppressive activity.

scholarly journals Stem cell therapies for ischemic stroke: current animal models, clinical trials and biomaterials

RSC Advances ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (30) ◽  
pp. 18668-18680 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hugh H. Chan ◽  
Connor A. Wathen ◽  
Ming Ni ◽  
Shuangmu Zhuo
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Stem Cell ◽  
Ischemic Stroke ◽  
Animal Models ◽  
Cell Therapy ◽  
Stem Cell Therapy ◽  
Stem Cell Therapies ◽  
Cell Therapies

We report the facilitation of stem cell therapy in stroke by tissue engineering and applications of biomaterials.

scholarly journals Cell therapies for traumatic brain injury

2008 ◽  
Vol 24 (3-4) ◽  
pp. E18 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew T. Harting ◽  
James E. Baumgartner ◽  
Laura L. Worth ◽  
Linda Ewing-Cobbs ◽  
Adrian P. Gee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Stem Cells ◽  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Cell Therapy ◽  
Adult Stem Cells ◽  
Cell Types ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Cell Therapies ◽  
Current Therapies

Preliminary discoveries of the efficacy of cell therapy are currently being translated to clinical trials. Whereas a significant amount of work has been focused on cell therapy applications for a wide array of diseases, including cardiac disease, bone disease, hepatic disease, and cancer, there continues to be extraordinary anticipation that stem cells will advance the current therapeutic regimen for acute neurological disease. Traumatic brain injury is a devastating event for which current therapies are limited. In this report the authors discuss the current status of using adult stem cells to treat traumatic brain injury, including the basic cell types and potential mechanisms of action, preclinical data, and the initiation of clinical trials.

scholarly journals CD90- (Thy-1-) High Selection Enhances Reprogramming Capacity of Murine Adipose-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells

2013 ◽  
Vol 35 ◽  
pp. 573-579 ◽  
Author(s):  
Koichi Kawamoto ◽  
Masamitsu Konno ◽  
Hiroaki Nagano ◽  
Shimpei Nishikawa ◽  
Yoshito Tomimaru ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Stem Cell ◽  
Cell Therapy ◽  
Tolerance Induction ◽  
Cell Types ◽  
Effective Strategy ◽  
Cell Sorter ◽  
High Selection ◽  
Selection Of

Background. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), including adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells (ADSC), are multipotent and can differentiate into various cell types possessing unique immunomodulatory features. Several clinical trials have demonstrated the safety and possible efficacy of MSCs in organ transplantation. Thus, stem cell therapy is promising for tolerance induction. In this study, we assessed the reprogramming capacity of murine ADSCs and found that CD90 (Thy-1), originally discovered as a thymocyte antigen, could be a useful marker for cell therapy.Method. Murine ADSCs were isolated from B6 mice, sorted using a FACSAria cell sorter by selection ofCD90HiorCD90Lo, and then transduced with four standard factors (4F; Oct4, Sox2, Klf4, and c-Myc).Results. Unsorted,CD90Hi-sorted, andCD90Lo-sorted murine ADSCs were reprogrammed using standard 4F transduction.CD90HiADSCs showed increased numbers of alkaline phosphatase-positive colonies compared withCD90LoADSCs. The relative reprogramming efficiencies of unsorted,CD90Hi-sorted, andCD90Lo-sorted ADSCs were 100%, 116.5%, and 74.7%, respectively.CD90Hicells were more responsive to reprogramming.Conclusion.CD90HiADSCs had greater reprogramming capacity thanCD90LoADSCs, suggesting that ADSCs have heterogeneous subpopulations. Thus,CD90Hiselection presents an effective strategy to isolate a highly suppressive subpopulation for stem cell-based tolerance induction therapy.

scholarly journals Translational cardiac stem cell therapy: advancing from first-generation to next-generation cell types

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Elena Cambria ◽  
Francesco S. Pasqualini ◽  
Petra Wolint ◽  
Julia Günter ◽  
Julia Steiger ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cell ◽  
Cell Therapy ◽  
Stem Cell Therapy ◽  
First Generation ◽  
Cell Types ◽  
Cardiac Stem Cell ◽  
Next Generation

scholarly journals Stem cell therapies in preclinical models of stroke. Is the aged brain microenvironment refractory to cell therapy?

2017 ◽  
Vol 94 ◽  
pp. 73-77 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raluca Elena Sandu ◽  
Adrian Tudor Balseanu ◽  
Catalin Bogdan ◽  
Mark Slevin ◽  
Eugen Petcu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cell ◽  
Cell Therapy ◽  
Preclinical Models ◽  
Stem Cell Therapies ◽  
Cell Therapies ◽  
Aged Brain

scholarly journals Progenitors for the Corneal Endothelium and Trabecular Meshwork: A Potential Source for Personalized Stem Cell Therapy in Corneal Endothelial Diseases and Glaucoma

2011 ◽  
Vol 2011 ◽  
pp. 1-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wing Yan Yu ◽  
Carl Sheridan ◽  
Ian Grierson ◽  
Sharon Mason ◽  
Victoria Kearns ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cell ◽  
Trabecular Meshwork ◽  
Corneal Endothelium ◽  
Adult Stem Cell ◽  
Cell Types ◽  
Cell Therapies ◽  
Stem Cell Source ◽  
Embryonic Origin ◽  
Surgical Treatments

Several adult stem cell types have been found in different parts of the eye, including the corneal epithelium, conjunctiva, and retina. In addition to these, there have been accumulating evidence that some stem-like cells reside in the transition area between the peripheral corneal endothelium (CE) and the anterior nonfiltering portion of the trabecular meshwork (TM), which is known as the Schwalbe's Ring region. These stem/progenitor cells may supply new cells for the CE and TM. In fact, the CE and TM share certain similarities in terms of their embryonic origin and proliferative capacityin vivo. In this paper, we discuss the putative stem cell source which has the potential for replacement of lost and nonfunctional cells in CE diseases and glaucoma. The future development of personalized stem cell therapies for the CE and TM may reduce the requirement of corneal grafts and surgical treatments in glaucoma.

scholarly journals Diabetic Retinopathy and Stem Cell Therapy

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sevil Kestane
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Diabetic Retinopathy ◽  
Stem Cell ◽  
Cell Therapy ◽  
Stem Cell Therapy ◽  
Treatment Strategies ◽  
Cell Therapies ◽  
Long Time

This overview was evaluated by the development of diabetic retinopathy (DR) and the stem cell therapy approach. DR is a microvascular complication of diabetes mellitus, characterized by damage to the retinal blood vessels leading to progressive loss of vision. However, the pathophysiological mechanisms are complicated and not completely understood yet. The current treatment strategies have included medical, laser, intravitreal, and surgical approaches. It is known that the use of mesenchymal stem cells (MSC), which has a great potential, is promising for the treatment of many degenerative disorders, including the eye. In retinal degenerative diseases, MSCs were ameliorated retinal neurons and retinal pigmented epithelial cells in both in vitro and in vivo studies. Stem cell therapies show promise in neurodegenerative diseases. However, it is very important to know which type of stem cell will be used in which situations, the amount of stem cells to be applied, the method of application, and its physiological/neurophysiological effects. Therefore, it is of great importance to evaluate this subject physiologically. After stem cell application, its safety and efficacy should be followed for a long time. In the near future, widespread application of regenerative stem cell therapy may be a standard treatment in DR.

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