scholarly journals Cognitive Behavioural Therapy through PowerPoint: Efficacy in an Adolescent Clinical Population with Depression and Anxiety

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nazanin Alavi ◽  
Matthew Stefanoff ◽  
Alyssa Hirji ◽  
Sarosh Khalid-Khan
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Mental Health Treatment ◽  
Help Seeking ◽  
Behavioural Therapy ◽  
Self Concept ◽  
Clinical Population ◽  
Depression And Anxiety ◽  
Cognitive Behavioural ◽  
Final Treatment ◽  
Attending Physician

Background. Limited help-seeking behaviours, among adolescents with mental health concerns and many barriers to accessing mental health services, make innovative approaches to administering mental health therapies crucial. Therefore, this study evaluated the efficacy of e-CBT given via PowerPoint slides to treat adolescents with anxiety and/or depression. Method. 15 adolescents referred to an outpatient adolescent psychiatry clinic to treat a primary DSM-IV diagnosis of anxiety and/or depression chose between 8 weeks of e-CBT (n=7) or 7 weeks of live CBT (n=8). The e-CBT modules were presented using PowerPoint delivered weekly through email by either a senior psychiatry resident or an attending physician. Within each session, participants in both groups had personalized feedback on their mandatory weekly homework assignment from the previous week’s module. BYIs were completed before treatment and and after final treatment within both groups to assess changes in depression, anxiety, anger, disruption, and self-concept. Findings. Before treatment, BYI scores did not sig. differ between groups. After treatment, e-CBT participants reported sig. improved depression, anger, anxiety, and self-concept BYI scores while live CBT participants did not report any sig. changes. Only the Beck Anxiety Inventory sig. differed between groups after CBT. Conclusion. Despite the low sample size within this study, using email to deliver e-CBT PowerPoint slides and individualized homework feedback shows promise as an alternate method of CBT delivery that reduces barriers to receiving mental health treatment that occur internationally.

scholarly journals Engagement and outcomes for a computerised cognitive-behavioural therapy intervention for anxiety and depression in African Americans

BJPsych Open ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charles R. Jonassaint ◽  
Patrice Gibbs ◽  
Bea Herbeck Belnap ◽  
Jordan F. Karp ◽  
Kaleab Z. Abebe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Primary Care ◽  
African Americans ◽  
Cognitive Behavioural Therapy ◽  
Randomised Clinical Trial ◽  
Behavioural Therapy ◽  
Anxiety Symptoms ◽  
Primary Care Doctor ◽  
Depression And Anxiety ◽  
Cognitive Behavioural

BackgroundComputerised cognitive-behavioural therapy (CCBT) helps improve mental health outcomes in White populations. However, no studies have examined whether CCBT is acceptable and beneficial for African Americans.AimsWe studied differences in CCBT use and self-reported change in depression and anxiety symptoms among 91 African Americans and 499 White primary care patients aged 18–75, enrolled in a randomised clinical trial of collaborative care embedded with an online treatment for depression and anxiety.MethodPatients with moderate levels of mood and/or anxiety symptoms (PHQ-9 or GAD-7≥10) were randomised to receive either care-manager-guided access to the proven-effective Beating the Blues® CCBT programme or usual care from their primary care doctor.ResultsCompared with White participants, African Americans were less likely to start the CCBT programme (P=0.01), and those who did completed fewer sessions and were less likely to complete the full programme (P=0.03). Despite lower engagement, however, African Americans who started the CCBT programme experienced a greater decrease in self-reported depressive symptoms (estimated 8-session change: −6.6 v. −5.5; P=0.06) and similar decrease in anxiety symptoms (−5.3 v. −5.6; P=0.80) compared with White participants.ConclusionsCCBT may be an efficient and scalable first-step to improving minority mental health and reducing disparities in access to evidence-based healthcare.

scholarly journals Developing and implementing an online psychotherapy program to address mental health challenges in oncology and palliative care patients: Protocol (Preprint)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nazanin Alavi ◽  
Callum Stephenson ◽  
Shadé Miller ◽  
Payam Khalafi ◽  
Israa Sinan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Palliative Care ◽  
Behavioural Therapy ◽  
Depression And Anxiety ◽  
Treatment As Usual ◽  
Online Delivery ◽  
Online Psychotherapy ◽  
Cognitive Behavioural ◽  
Mental Health Challenges ◽  
Psychotherapy Program

BACKGROUND The demand for mental health care, particularly for depression and anxiety, is three times greater in oncology and palliative care patients compared to the general population. This population faces unique barriers making them more susceptible to mental health challenges. Various forms of psychotherapy have been deemed effective in addressing mental health challenges in this population including supportive psychotherapy, cognitive behavioural therapy, problem-based therapy, and mindfulness. However, oncology and palliative care patient's access to traditional face-to-face psychotherapy resources is limited due to compromised immune systems making frequent visits to hospitals dangerous. Additionally, patients can face hospital fatigue from numerous appointments and investigations or may live in remote areas making commutes both physically and financially taxing. The online delivery of psychotherapy is a promising solution to address these accessibility barriers. Moreover, the online delivery of psychotherapy has been proven effective in addressing depression and anxiety in other populations and may be able to be transferred to oncology and palliative care patients. OBJECTIVE The study will investigate the feasibility and effectiveness of online delivery of psychotherapy for oncology and palliative care patients with comorbid depression or anxiety. It is hypothesized that this program will be a viable and efficacious treatment modality compared to treatment as usual in addressing depression and anxiety symptoms in this population. METHODS Participants (n = 60) with depression or anxiety will be recruited from oncology and palliative care settings in Kingston, Ontario, Canada. Participants will be randomly allocated to either receive 8 weeks of online psychotherapy plus treatment as usual (treatment arm), or treatment as usual exclusively (control arm). The online psychotherapy program will incorporate cognitive behavioural therapy, mindfulness, and problem-solving skills as well as homework assignments with personalized feedback from a therapist. All online programs will be delivered through a secure online platform specifically designed for the online delivery of psychotherapy. To evaluate treatment efficacy, all participants will complete standardized symptomology questionnaires at baseline, mid-point (week 4), and post-treatment. RESULTS The study received ethics approval in February 2021 and began recruitment in April 2021. Participant recruitment has been conducted through social media advertisements, physical advertisements, and physician referrals. To date, there have been 11 (treatment n = 5; control n = 4; drop-out n = 2) participants recruited. Data collection is expected to conclude by December 2021, and data analysis is expected to be completed by January 2022. Linear regression (for continuous outcomes) will be conducted with interpretive qualitative methods. CONCLUSIONS Findings from this study can be incorporated into clinical policy and help develop more accessible mental health treatment options for oncology and palliative care patients. The asynchronous and online delivery of psychotherapy is a more accessible, scalable, and financially feasible treatment that could have major implications on the health care system. CLINICALTRIAL ClinicalTrials.gov NCT04664270; clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04664270

scholarly journals Addressing concerns about smoking cessation and mental health: theoretical review and practical guide for healthcare professionals

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Gemma M. J. Taylor ◽  
Amanda L. Baker ◽  
Nadine Fox ◽  
David S. Kessler ◽  
Paul Aveyard ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Smoking Cessation ◽  
Healthcare Professionals ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Behavioural Therapy ◽  
Routine Care ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Depression And Anxiety ◽  
Stop Smoking ◽  
Cognitive Behavioural

SUMMARY Smoking rates in people with depression and anxiety are twice as high as in the general population, even though people with depression and anxiety are motivated to stop smoking. Most healthcare professionals are aware that stopping smoking is one of the greatest changes that people can make to improve their health. However, smoking cessation can be a difficult topic to raise. Evidence suggests that smoking may cause some mental health problems, and that the tobacco withdrawal cycle partly contributes to worse mental health. By stopping smoking, a person's mental health may improve, and the size of this improvement might be equal to taking antidepressants. In this article we outline ways in which healthcare professionals can compassionately and respectfully raise the topic of smoking to encourage smoking cessation. We draw on evidence-based methods such as cognitive–behavioural therapy (CBT) and outline approaches that healthcare professionals can use to integrate these methods into routine care to help their patients stop smoking.

scholarly journals Treating Depression and Anxiety with Digital Cognitive Behavioural Therapy for Insomnia: A Real World NHS Evaluation Using Standardized Outcome Measures

2016 ◽  
Vol 45 (1) ◽  
pp. 91-96 ◽  
Author(s):  
Annemarie I. Luik ◽  
Sophie Bostock ◽  
Leanne Chisnall ◽  
Simon D. Kyle ◽  
Nicky Lidbetter ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Anxiety Disorder ◽  
Cognitive Behavioural Therapy ◽  
Generalized Anxiety Disorder ◽  
Behavioural Therapy ◽  
Generalized Anxiety ◽  
Depression And Anxiety ◽  
Psychological Therapies ◽  
Self Help ◽  
Cognitive Behavioural

Background: Evidence suggests that insomnia may be an important therapeutic target to improve mental health. Aims: Evaluating changes in symptoms of depression and anxiety after supported digital cognitive behavioural therapy (dCBT) for insomnia delivered via a community-based provider (Self Help Manchester) of the Improving Access to Psychological Therapies (IAPT) service. Method: Supported dCBT for insomnia was delivered to 98 clients (mean age 44.9 years, SD 15.2, 66% female) of Self Help Manchester. All clients received six support calls from an eTherapy coordinator to support the self-help dCBT. During these calls levels of depression (Patient Health Questionnaire, PHQ-9) and anxiety (Generalized Anxiety Disorder, GAD-7) were determined. Results: Depression (Mdifference-5.7, t(70) = 12.5, p < .001) and anxiety [Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 (GAD-7), Mdifference-4.1, t(70) = 8.0, p < .001] were reduced following supported dCBT for insomnia. This translated into an IAPT recovery rate of 68% for depression and anxiety. Conclusions: These results suggest that dCBT for insomnia alleviates depression and anxiety in clients presenting with mental health complaints in routine healthcare.

scholarly journals A Full Systematic Review on the Effects of Cognitive Behavioural Therapy for Mental Health Symptoms in Child Refugees

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katie Lawton ◽  
Angela Spencer
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Cognitive Behavioural Therapy ◽  
Behavioural Therapy ◽  
Current Evidence ◽  
Depression And Anxiety ◽  
Mental Health Symptoms ◽  
Post Intervention ◽  
Health Symptoms ◽  
Cognitive Behavioural

AbstractGlobal conflict in 2019 created record numbers of displaced children. These children have experienced multiple traumas and subsequently suffer high levels of mental health symptoms. Cognitive-behavioural therapy (CBT) is commonly used for post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), depression and anxiety, however the current evidence-base of CBT in child refugees is sparse, with mixed results. This study aimed to assess the effects of CBT on symptoms of PTSD, depression and anxiety in child refugees/AS. Ethics were reviewed and granted by the University of Manchester ethics committee. Medline, Embase, Cochrane, PsycINFO and CINAHL were systematically searched. Studies were included if CBT was delivered to refugee/AS children with pre and post-intervention measures of symptoms. Sixteen studies fulfilled criteria. In all studies, mental health symptom scores post-intervention had reduced, suggesting an improvement in mental health following CBT. This reduction was statistically significant in twelve studies (p < 0.001–0.5), clinically significant in eight studies and maintained at follow-up periods. No adverse effects of CBT were identified. This is the first systematic review to focus solely on CBT in child refugee populations, with unanimously positive results. Its use is cautiously recommended, however the need for more methodologically rigorous studies in this population is highlighted.

scholarly journals Cultural adaptation of cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) for patients with depression and anxiety in Saudi Arabia and Bahrain: a qualitative study exploring views of patients, carers, and mental health professionals

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Haifa Mohammad Saleh Algahtani ◽  
Abdullah Almulhim ◽  
Fatema Ali AlNajjar ◽  
Mazen Khalil Ali ◽  
Muhammad Irfan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Cognitive Behavioural Therapy ◽  
Mental Health Professionals ◽  
Health Professionals ◽  
Cultural Adaptation ◽  
Behavioural Therapy ◽  
Depression And Anxiety ◽  
Arab Population ◽  
Cognitive Behavioural

AbstractWestern values influence cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) as it was primarily developed and practised in the West. As understanding the cultural context has been linked to better therapy outcomes, it has been suggested that CBT might need modification to non-Western clients’ cultural backgrounds. Previously we developed a cost-effective approach to adapt CBT for clients in China and Pakistan. In this study, we applied the same methodology for local clients suffering from depression and anxiety in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia and Bahrain. This study aimed to understand the views of patients with depression and anxiety, caregivers and mental health professionals about CBT to develop guidelines for culturally adapting CBT for depression and anxiety. We conducted semi-structured interviews with the patients (n = 42), caregivers (n = 11), and psychiatrists and psychologists (n = 16). The data were analysed using a thematic framework analysis by identifying emerging themes and categories. The themes emerging from the analyses of interviews by each interviewer were compared and contrasted with those of other interviewers. The results highlighted barriers of access to and strengths of CBT while working with these patient groups. Patients and their caregivers in both countries use a bio-psycho-spiritual-social model of illness and seek help from multiple sources. Therapists emphasized the need for using local idioms, culturally appropriate translation and minor adjustments in therapy. There were no thematic differences between the two sites. These findings will be used to culturally adapt a CBT manual, which will be tested in a randomized controlled trial.Key learning aimsAfter reading this article, readers will be able to:(1)Understand the need for cultural adaptation of CBT.(2)Identify the necessary steps to adapt CBT for the Muslim Arab population.(3)Understand the modifications required to deliver culturally adapted CBT for the Muslim Arab population.

scholarly journals Protocol for a multi-phase, mixed methods study to develop and evaluate culturally adapted CBT to improve community mental health services for Canadians of south Asian origin

Trials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Farooq Naeem ◽  
Andrew Tuck ◽  
Baldev Mutta ◽  
Puneet Dhillon ◽  
Gary Thandi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Mixed Methods ◽  
Mental Health Services ◽  
Health Services ◽  
South Asian ◽  
Behavioural Therapy ◽  
Mixed Methods Study ◽  
Depression And Anxiety ◽  
Culturally Adapted ◽  
Cognitive Behavioural

Abstract Background Canadians of South Asian (SA) origin comprise the largest racialized group in Canada, representing 25.6% of what Statistics Canada terms “visible minority populations”. South Asian Canadians are disproportionately impacted by the social determinants of health, and this can result in high rates of mood and anxiety disorders. These factors can negatively impact mental health and decrease access to care, thereby increasing mental health inequities. Cognitive Behavioural Therapy (CBT) in its current form is not suitable for persons from the non-western cultural backgrounds. Culturally adapted Cognitive Behavioural Therapy (CaCBT) is an evidence-based practice. CaCBT is more effective than standard CBT and can reduce dropouts from therapy compared with standard CBT. Thus, CaCBT can increase access to mental health services and improve outcomes for immigrant, refugee and ethno-cultural and racialized populations. Adapting CBT for growing SA populations in Canada will ensure equitable access to effective and culturally appropriate interventions. Methods The primary aim of the study is to develop and evaluate CaCBT for Canadian South Asian persons with depression and anxiety and to gather data from stakeholders to develop guidelines to culturally adapt CBT. This mixed methods study will use three phases: (1) cultural adaptation of CBT, (2) pilot feasibility of CaCBT and (3) implementation and evaluation of CaCBT. Phase 1 will use purposive sampling to recruit individuals from four different groups: (1) SA patients with depression and anxiety, (b) caregivers and family members of individuals affected by anxiety and depression, (c) mental health professionals and (d) SA community opinion leaders. Semi-structured interviews will be conducted virtually and analysis of interviews will be informed by an ethnographic approach. Phase 2 will pilot test the newly developed CaCBT for feasibility, acceptability and effectiveness via quantitative methodology and a randomized controlled trial, including an economic analysis. Phase 3 will recruit therapists to train and evaluate them in the new CaCBT. Discussion The outcome of this trial will benefit health services in Canada, in terms of helping to reduce the burden of depression and anxiety and provide better care for South Asians. We expect the results to help guide the development of better services and tailor existing services to the needs of other vulnerable groups. Trial registration ClinicalTrials.gov NCT04010890. Registered on July 8, 2019

Cultural Values Influence Mental-Health Help-Seeking in Asian and Latinx College Students

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elayne Zhou ◽  
Yena Kyeong ◽  
Cecilia Cheung ◽  
Kalina Michalska;Michalska
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
College Students ◽  
Cultural Values ◽  
Mental Health Treatment ◽  
Help Seeking ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Negative Attitudes ◽  
Help Seeking Behaviors ◽  
Seeking Behavior ◽  
Ethnic Group Membership

The current study examined the influence of cultural values on mental health attitudes and help-seeking behaviors in college students of diverse ethnic backgrounds. Asian and Latinx college students (N = 159) completed an online survey in which they reported their adherence to cultural values and general attitudes towards mental health and help-seeking behavior. Factor analysis revealed two common factors of cultural values irrespective of ethnic background: Interdependent Orientation (IO) and Cultural Obligation (CO). Regardless of ethnicity, the more students endorsed IO values, the less likely they were to perceive a need for mental health treatment. IO value adherence also predicted more negative attitudes towards mental health. CO values were not predictive of perceived need or help-seeking behaviors. Findings highlight the importance of assessing certain cultural values independently from ethnicity and considering how the multidimensionality of culture may help explain shared mental health behaviors across ethnic group membership.

Exploring the concurrent use of standardised and idiographic measures to assess cognitive behavioural therapy in a university student with autistic spectrum condition – a single case experimental design

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicola Birdsey ◽  
Linda Walz
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Experimental Design ◽  
Social Anxiety ◽  
University Students ◽  
Single Case ◽  
Cognitive Model ◽  
Behavioural Therapy ◽  
University Student ◽  
Cognitive Behavioural ◽  
Spectrum Condition

Abstract Limited research has directly addressed the challenges of higher education for students with autism, who face additional difficulties in navigating social, personal and academic obstacles. With more students experiencing mental health difficulties whilst at university, therapeutic interventions on offer need to be suitable for those accessing support. Cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) is widely used to support university students, as it is firmly established as an effective treatment for a range of issues, including social and generalised anxiety in typically developing populations (NICE, 2013; NICE, 2019). However, the efficacy of CBT for individuals with autistic spectrum condition (ASC) is less well known, despite the high prevalence rates of anxiety in this population. This paper seeks to address a gap in the literature and uses a single-case (A-B) experimental design over 16 sessions to reduce co-morbid social and generalised anxiety in a university student with high-functioning ASC. Clark’s (2001) cognitive model of social anxiety and Wells’ (1997) cognitive model of generalised anxiety were employed to formulate anxiety experienced in this case. Standardised outcome measures were used for social anxiety, i.e. the Social Phobia Inventory (SPIN), and generalised anxiety, i.e. the Generalised Anxiety Disorder-7 (GAD-7), in conjunction with idiographic ratings to assess the impact of therapy. Findings indicate that CBT was an acceptable and useful intervention with mixed results; discrepancies were found between clinical change recorded on standardised measures compared with idiographic ratings. This paper discusses the use of standardised measures of anxiety for individuals with ASC and identifies directions for further research. Key learning aims (1) To appreciate the unique mental health challenges of university students with ASC. (2) To identify psychological interventions that are suitable for individuals with ASC. (3) To consider the value in employing more than one evidence-based cognitive model of anxiety when clients present with co-morbid mental health issues. (4) To question the utility of using standardised outcome measures compared with idiographic measures in therapy.

scholarly journals Digital cognitive–behavioural therapy for insomnia compared with digital patient education about insomnia in individuals referred to secondary mental health services in Norway: protocol for a multicentre randomised controlled trial

BMJ Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. e050661
Author(s):  
Håvard Kallestad ◽  
Simen Saksvik ◽  
Øystein Vedaa ◽  
Knut Langsrud ◽  
Gunnar Morken ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Randomised Controlled Trial ◽  
Patient Education ◽  
Cognitive Behavioural Therapy ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Behavioural Therapy ◽  
Group Differences ◽  
Post Intervention ◽  
Cognitive Behavioural ◽  
Randomised Controlled

IntroductionInsomnia is highly prevalent in outpatients receiving treatment for mental disorders. Cognitive–behavioural therapy for insomnia (CBT-I) is a recommended first-line intervention. However, access is limited and most patients with insomnia who are receiving mental healthcare services are treated using medication. This multicentre randomised controlled trial (RCT) examines additional benefits of a digital adaptation of CBT-I (dCBT-I), compared with an online control intervention of patient education about insomnia (PE), in individuals referred to secondary mental health clinics.Methods and analysisA parallel group, superiority RCT with a target sample of 800 participants recruited from treatment waiting lists at Norwegian psychiatric services. Individuals awaiting treatment will receive an invitation to the RCT, with potential participants undertaking online screening and consent procedures. Eligible outpatients will be randomised to dCBT-I or PE in a 1:1 ratio. Assessments will be performed at baseline, 9 weeks after completion of baseline assessments (post-intervention assessment), 33 weeks after baseline (6 months after the post-intervention assessment) and 61 weeks after baseline (12 months after the post-intervention assessment). The primary outcome is between-group difference in insomnia severity 9 weeks after baseline. Secondary outcomes include between-group differences in levels of psychopathology, and measures of health and functioning 9 weeks after baseline. Additionally, we will test between-group differences at 6-month and 12-month follow-up, and examine any negative effects of the intervention, any changes in mental health resource use, and/or in functioning and prescription of medications across the duration of the study. Other exploratory analyses are planned.Ethics and disseminationThe study protocol has been approved by the Regional Committee for Medical and Health Research Ethics in Norway (Ref: 125068). Findings from the RCT will be disseminated via peer-reviewed publications, conference presentations, and advocacy and stakeholder groups. Exploratory analyses, including potential mediators and moderators, will be reported separately from main outcomes.Trial registration numberClinicalTrials.gov Registry (NCT04621643); Pre-results.

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