scholarly journals Acute Asthma in the Pediatric Emergency Department: Infections Are the Main Triggers of Exacerbations

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arianna Dondi ◽  
Elisabetta Calamelli ◽  
Valentina Piccinno ◽  
Giampaolo Ricci ◽  
Ilaria Corsini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Emergency Department ◽  
Acute Asthma ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Previous History ◽  
Pediatric Emergency ◽  
Term Therapy ◽  
Severe Exacerbation ◽  
School Aged Children ◽  
Condition Versus ◽  
Allergic Condition

Background. Asthma exacerbations are a common reason for Emergency Department (ED) visits in children. Aim. To analyze differences among age groups in terms of triggering factors and seasonality and to identify those with higher risk of severe exacerbations. Methods. We retrospectively revised the files of children admitted for acute asthma in 2016 in our Pediatric ED. Results. Visits for acute asthma were 603/23197 (2.6%). 76% of the patients were <6 years old and 24% ≥6. Infections were the main trigger of exacerbations in both groups; 33% of the school-aged children had a triggering allergic condition (versus 3% in <6 years; p<.01). 191 patients had a previous history of asthma; among them, 95 were ≥6 years, 67% of whom were not using any controller medication, showing a higher risk of a moderate-to-severe exacerbation than those under long-term therapy (p<.01). Exacerbations peaked in autumn and winter in preschoolers and in spring and early autumn in the school-aged children. Conclusions. Infections are the main trigger of acute asthma in children of any age, followed by allergy in the school-aged children. Efforts for an improved management of patients affected by chronic asthma might go through individualized action plans and possibly vaccinations and allergen-avoidance measures.

Improving Guideline-Based Care of Acute Asthma in a Pediatric Emergency Department

PEDIATRICS ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 138 (5) ◽  
pp. e20153339 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew P. Gray ◽  
Grant E. Keeney ◽  
Michael J. Grahl ◽  
Marc H. Gorelick ◽  
Christopher D. Spahr
Keyword(s):  
Emergency Department ◽  
Acute Asthma ◽  
Pediatric Emergency ◽  
Pediatric Emergency Department

scholarly journals Study of clinical and etiological profile of hypertensive emergencies in children admitted in pediatric emergency department

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (5) ◽  
pp. 797
Author(s):  
Sumathi Kotapuri ◽  
Mahendranath Putta ◽  
Sudharshanraj Chitgupikar
Keyword(s):  
Emergency Department ◽  
Target Organ Damage ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Organ Damage ◽  
Pediatric Emergency ◽  
Primary Objective ◽  
Primary Hypertension ◽  
Older Children ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Hypertensive Emergencies

Background: Hypertension (HTN) in children, all though an uncommon entity is associated with end-organ damage. With increasing prevalence of hypertension and obesity in children; hypertensive emergencies are also increasing over recent years and screening is must. The primary objective of this study was to determine the incidence of hypertensive emergencies, the clinical presentation and etiological diagnosis at different age groups and to access the real burden of primary hypertension in causing hypertensive emergencies in children.Methods: This study was a prospective, descriptive, analytical cohort study done on children attending the emergency department of pediatrics, government general hospital, a tertiary referral pediatric center attached to Kurnool medical college, Kurnool, over a period of 18 months i.e., from january2016 to June 2017. Data was collected in a pre-determined proforma after institutional ethical committee clearance and appropriate informed concerned.Results: Among 98 children with hypertension; 30 had hypertensive emergency.  Incidence was 0.3%. Intrinsic renal and renal vascular causes were the commonest. Headache, dizziness and vomiting were the comment presentation. Half of them had encephalopathy. Younger children had more of secondary HTN and in children (older than 7 years) primary hypertension increased as did family history of hypertension.Conclusions: With increasing primary hypertension among older children, hypertensive emergencies are increasing. As most of the children with HTN are asymptomatic; detection of target organ damage is vital.

scholarly journals Pulmonary and Extrapulmonary Manifestations in Hospitalized Children with Mycoplasma Pneumoniae Infection

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (12) ◽  
pp. 2553
Author(s):  
Carlotta Biagi ◽  
Alessandra Cavallo ◽  
Alessandro Rocca ◽  
Luca Pierantoni ◽  
Davide Antonazzo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mycoplasma Pneumoniae ◽  
Respiratory Infections ◽  
Pediatric Population ◽  
Correct Diagnosis ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Pediatric Emergency ◽  
Community Acquired Pneumonia ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
School Aged Children ◽  
Emilia Romagna Region

Mycoplasma pneumoniae (MP) is one of the main causes of both upper and lower respiratory infections in school-aged children, accounting for up to 40% of community-acquired pneumonia. Younger children are also affected, and extrapulmonary manifestations have been recently reported in the pediatric population. We carried out a retrospective analysis of MP-positive patients admitted to the Pediatric Emergency Unit of S. Orsola Malpighi University Hospital in Bologna, the largest tertiary pediatric referral center in the Emilia–Romagna region, Northern Italy, between 2012 and 2020. We identified 145 patients with MP infection (82 males and 63 females), 27% of which were younger than 2 years; the median age was 5 years (interquartile range 1–9). The clinical presentation partially differed between age groups. School-aged children were more likely to have a chest X-ray-confirmed pneumonia (p = 0.013), while younger children required oxygen therapy more often (p = 0.048). Seventy-four children (51%) showed extrapulmonary manifestations, mainly gastrointestinal (30%) and dermatological (14%). Neurological symptoms were more frequent in children older than 6 years (p = 0.006). The rate of other extrapulmonary manifestations did not differ significantly between age groups. This study shows that MP infection is a frequent cause of pediatric hospitalization, including of children younger than 2 years. Clinicians should be aware of the variable clinical expressions of MP, including extrapulmonary manifestations, to achieve a correct diagnosis and determine appropriate treatment.

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