scholarly journals MicroRNA Expression in Malignant Pleural Mesothelioma and Asbestosis: A Pilot Study

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paola Mozzoni ◽  
Luca Ampollini ◽  
Matteo Goldoni ◽  
Rossella Alinovi ◽  
Marcello Tiseo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Malignant Pleural Mesothelioma ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Prognostic Biomarkers ◽  
Pleural Mesothelioma ◽  
Diagnostic Biomarkers ◽  
Asbestos Fibers ◽  
Formalin Fixed Paraffin ◽  
Formalin Fixed Paraffin Embedded ◽  
Patient Prognosis

Background. The identification of diagnostic/prognostic biomarkers for asbestos-related diseases is relevant for early diagnosis and patient survival and may contribute to understanding the molecular mechanisms underlying the disease development and progression.Aims. To identify a pattern of miRNAs as possible diagnostic biomarkers for patients with malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM) and asbestosis (ASB) and as prognostic biomarkers for MPM patients.Methods. miRNA-16, miRNA-17, miRNA-126, and miRNA-486 were quantified in plasma and formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded samples to evaluate their diagnostic and prognostic roles compared to patients with other noncancerous pulmonary diseases (controls). Results. The expression of all the miRNAs was significantly lower in patients with MPM and ASB than that in controls. miRNA-16, miRNA-17, and miRNA-486 in plasma and tissue of MPM patients were significantly correlated. Furthermore, the expression of miRNA-16 in plasma and tissue, and miRNA-486 only in tissue, was positively related with cumulative survival in MPM patients.Conclusions. All the miRNA levels were decreased in patients with MPM or ASB, supporting the role of circulating miRNAs as a potential tool for diseases associated with exposure to asbestos fibers. miRNA-16 was directly related to MPM patient prognosis, suggesting its possible use as a prognostic marker in MPM patients.

scholarly journals Pre-Clinical Research Advancements Relating to Improving the Diagnosis and Treatment of Malignant Pleural Mesothelioma: A Review

Onco ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 49-82
Author(s):  
Ben Johnson ◽  
Kenneth Lee ◽  
Yuen Yee Cheng
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Research ◽  
Malignant Pleural Mesothelioma ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Treatment Strategies ◽  
Latency Period ◽  
Pleural Mesothelioma ◽  
Diagnostic Biomarkers ◽  
Disease Biology ◽  
Long Latency

Malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM) is a rare, aggressive cancer of the lung lining that is predominantly associated with occupational exposure to asbestos. MPM is responsible for thousands of deaths worldwide every year, with the median survival of MPM of 8–14 months. There are limited biomarkers available in the clinic to effectively diagnose MPM, an invasive biopsy procedure is usually required to provide a definitive diagnosis. Due to the long latency period associated with MPM disease presentation, the cancer is usually at an advanced stage at the time of diagnosis where treatment options are largely ineffective at controlling disease progression. Previous MPM-based pre-clinical studies have made significant strides in determining the exact molecular mechanisms associated with asbestos carcinogenesis. Exploring less invasive blood-based biomarkers and treatment strategies involving targeted therapy, immunotherapy, and virotherapy is particularly important. Research in these areas is of crucial importance in relation to improving the rate of novel diagnostic biomarkers and treatment strategies progressing through to clinical trials and ultimately into the clinical setting. This review comprehensively summarises both previous and current pre-clinical research developments that have specifically contributed to an improved understanding of MPM disease biology, and the development of novel diagnostic biomarkers and treatment strategies.

scholarly journals Blocking the GITR-GITRL pathway to overcome resistance to therapy in sarcomatoid malignant pleural mesothelioma

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Meilin Chan ◽  
Licun Wu ◽  
Zhihong Yun ◽  
Trevor D. McKee ◽  
Michael Cabanero ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tumor Growth ◽  
Malignant Pleural Mesothelioma ◽  
Neutralizing Antibodies ◽  
Pleural Mesothelioma ◽  
Spheroid Formation ◽  
Resistance To Therapy ◽  
Sarcomatoid Mesothelioma

AbstractMalignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM) is an aggressive neoplasm originating from the pleura. Non-epithelioid (biphasic and sarcomatoid) MPM are particularly resistant to therapy. We investigated the role of the GITR-GITRL pathway in mediating the resistance to therapy. We found that GITR and GITRL expressions were higher in the sarcomatoid cell line (CRL5946) than in non-sarcomatoid cell lines (CRL5915 and CRL5820), and that cisplatin and Cs-137 irradiation increased GITR and GITRL expressions on tumor cells. Transcriptome analysis demonstrated that the GITR-GITRL pathway was promoting tumor growth and inhibiting cell apoptosis. Furthermore, GITR+ and GITRL+ cells demonstrated increased spheroid formation in vitro and in vivo. Using patient derived xenografts (PDXs), we demonstrated that anti-GITR neutralizing antibodies attenuated tumor growth in sarcomatoid PDX mice. Tumor immunostaining demonstrated higher levels of GITR and GITRL expressions in non-epithelioid compared to epithelioid tumors. Among 73 patients uniformly treated with accelerated radiation therapy followed by surgery, the intensity of GITR expression after radiation negatively correlated with survival in non-epithelioid MPM patients. In conclusion, the GITR-GITRL pathway is an important mechanism of autocrine proliferation in sarcomatoid mesothelioma, associated with tumor stemness and resistance to therapy. Blocking the GITR-GITRL pathway could be a new therapeutic target for non-epithelioid mesothelioma.

The role of imaging in malignant pleural mesothelioma

2002 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 26-35 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edith M. Marom ◽  
Jeremy J. Erasmus ◽  
Harvey I. Pass ◽  
Edward F. Patz
Keyword(s):  
Malignant Pleural Mesothelioma ◽  
Pleural Mesothelioma

scholarly journals Diagnostic role of immunocytochemistry in malignant pleural mesothelioma

Pathology ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 48 ◽  
pp. S136
Author(s):  
Lam Nguyen Son ◽  
Thanh Tran Dinh ◽  
Dung Nguyen Huy
Keyword(s):  
Malignant Pleural Mesothelioma ◽  
Pleural Mesothelioma ◽  
Diagnostic Role

Abstract 3404: Exploring the role of Twist1 in the pathogenesis of malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM)

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Milind B. Suraokar ◽  
David Kim ◽  
Yi Zhang ◽  
Lixia Diao ◽  
Erick Riquelme ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Malignant Pleural Mesothelioma ◽  
Pleural Mesothelioma

Osteopontin Expression According to Molecular Profile of Invasive Breast Cancer: A Clinicopathological and Immunohistochemical Study

2008 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 154-160 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Ribeiro-Silva ◽  
J.P. Oliveira da Costa ◽  
S. Britto Garcia
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Calcium Binding ◽  
Molecular Profile ◽  
Breast Carcinomas ◽  
Formalin Fixed Paraffin ◽  
Mineralized Tissues ◽  
Formalin Fixed Paraffin Embedded ◽  
Invasive Breast Carcinomas ◽  
Formalin Fixed

Osteopontin (OPN) is a secreted, calcium-binding phosphorylated glycoprotein involved in several physiological and pathological events such as angiogenesis, apoptosis, inflammation, wound healing, vascular remodeling, calcification of mineralized tissues, and induction of cell proteases. There is growing interest in the role of OPN in breast cancer. In an attempt to obtain new insight into the pathogenesis of OPN-associated breast carcinomas, an immunohistochemical panel with 17 primary antibodies including cytokeratins and key regulators of the cell cycle was performed in 100 formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded samples of invasive breast carcinomas. OPN was expressed in 65% of tumors and was negatively correlated with estrogen (p=0.0350) and progesterone (p=0.0069) receptors, but not with the other markers and clinicopathological features evaluated including age, menstrual status, pathological grading, tumor size, and metastasis. There was no correlation between OPN expression and carcinomas of the basal-like phenotype (p=0.1615); however, OPN correlated positively with c-erbB-2 status (p=0.0286) and negatively with carcinomas of the luminal subtype (p=0.0353). It is well known that carcinomas overexpressing c-erbB-2 protein have a worse prognosis than luminal tumors. Here, we hypothesize that the differential expression of OPN in the first subtype of carcinomas may contribute to their more aggressive behavior.

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