scholarly journals Comparison of Exenatide and Metformin Monotherapy in Overweight/Obese Patients with Newly Diagnosed Type 2 Diabetes

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jia Liu ◽  
Yanjin Hu ◽  
Yuan Xu ◽  
Yumei Jia ◽  
Li Miao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Hba1c Level ◽  
Initial Therapy ◽  
The Body ◽  
Metformin Hydrochloride ◽  
Obese Patients ◽  
Newly Diagnosed ◽  
Metformin Monotherapy ◽  
Metformin Group

Aims. The present study assessed the therapeutic effect of exenatide and metformin as the initial therapy on overweight/obese patients with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes (T2D). Methods. The prospective, nonrandomized, interventional study enrolled a total of 230 overweight or obese patients with newly diagnosed T2D who were administrated exenatide or metformin hydrochloride for 12 weeks. Results. 224/230 patients, including 106 in the exenatide group and 118 in the metformin group, completed the 12-week treatment. Both exenatide and metformin significantly decreased the HbA1c levels in overweight/obese patients with newly diagnosed T2D (all P<0.05). The reduction in HbA1c and the proportion of patients with HbA1c < 7.0% (53 mmol/mol) were higher in the exenatide group than in the metformin group (all P<0.05). The exenatide treatment caused a greater decline in the body weight and BMI as compared to the metformin treatment (all P<0.01). The exenatide treatment (β = 0.41, P<0.01) and baseline HbA1c level (β = −0.84, P<0.01) were independent influencing factors for the decrease in HbA1c level. Conclusions. For an initial therapy in overweight/obese patients with newly diagnosed T2D, exenatide causes a better glycemic control than metformin. This trial is registered with NCT03297879.

Increased Small Intestine Expression of Non-Heme Iron Transporters in Morbidly Obese Patients With Newly Diagnosed Type 2 Diabetes

2017 ◽  
Vol 62 (2) ◽  
pp. 1700301
Author(s):  
José María Moreno-Navarrete ◽  
Amaia Rodríguez ◽  
Sara Becerril ◽  
Víctor Valentí ◽  
Javier Salvador ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Small Intestine ◽  
Heme Iron ◽  
Morbidly Obese ◽  
Obese Patients ◽  
Newly Diagnosed ◽  
Non Heme Iron

scholarly journals Effect of Inulin-Type Carbohydrates on Insulin Resistance in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes and Obesity: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mingyue Rao ◽  
Chenlin Gao ◽  
Ling Xu ◽  
Lan Jiang ◽  
Jianhua Zhu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Subgroup Analysis ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
The Body ◽  
Obese Patients ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Simple Obesity

Background. Insulin resistance (IR) is a physiological condition related to type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and obesity, which is associated with high blood insulin and glucose. Inulin-type carbohydrate (ITC) is a kind of fermentable fructan that can reduce glucose and ameliorate IR in an animal model, but the effect in clinical trials is controversial. Objective. The authors conducted a systematic literature review to evaluate the effect of ITC supplementation in ameliorating IR in T2DM and obese patients. Methods. Multiple databases were queried for studies before December 25, 2018, which involved supplementation with ITC in ameliorating IR in T2DM and obese patients. Studies that involved meta-analysis of the body mass index (BMI), fasting plasma glucose (FPG), fasting insulin (FI), HbA1c, homeostatic model assessment IR (HOMA-IR), and quantitative insulin sensitivity check index (QUICKI) of T2DM subjects were included. HOMA-IR and QUICKI were identified as the primary outcomes. A systematic review was performed to evaluate the effect of ITC on IR in obese patients. Results. The database search yielded 25 studies, which met the inclusion criteria; 11 articles were meta-analyzed, and 5 other articles on T2DM and 9 articles on simple obesity were systematically reviewed. Our results did not find ITC supplementation decrease postintervention and reduction data of BMI (P=0.08). However, it can significantly decrease postintervention and reduction data of FPG, FI, HbA1c, and HOMA-IR. Heterogeneity was eliminated by subgroup analysis according to baseline BMI. There was no significant difference in the amelioration of QUICKI between the ITC and control groups. However, the difference was statistically significant and the heterogeneity was eliminated after subgroup analysis according to intakes of ITC. 14 articles for a systematic review found that the results of blood glucose, insulin, and HbA1c were controversial. Only one of the seven studies on simple obesity concluded that ITC intervention significantly ameliorated HOMA-IR, while the other six did not. Conclusion. Supplementation of ITC can ameliorate IR in T2DM, especially in obese T2DM patients, but the effects are controversial in obese patients.

scholarly journals Frequency of Genital Infections According to Body Mass Index in Dapagliflozin-treated Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

2017 ◽  
Vol 04 (01) ◽  
pp. e1-e4
Author(s):  
Gottfried Rudofsky ◽  
Tanja Haenni ◽  
John Xu ◽  
Eva Johnsson
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
The Body ◽  
Baseline Body Mass Index ◽  
Obese Patients ◽  
Genital Infections ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Three Body

Abstract Genital infections are associated with sodium glucose co-transporter 2 inhibitors such as dapagliflozin. Since patients with Type 2 diabetes are at increased risk of genital infections, and obesity is a risk factor for infections, obese patients with Type 2 diabetes could be more susceptible to genital infections when treated with sodium glucose co-transporter 2 inhibitors. This pooled dataset assessed the frequency of genital infections according to baseline body mass index in patients treated with dapagliflozin 10 mg. Data were pooled from 13 studies of up to 24 weeks’ duration (dapagliflozin N=2 360; placebo N=2 295). Frequency of genital infections was compared between three body mass index subgroups (<30, ≥30−< 35 and ≥35 kg/m2). Genital infections were reported in 130 (5.5%) patients receiving dapagliflozin and 14 (0.6%) patients receiving placebo; none of which were serious. Genital infections were more common in women (84/130 [64.6%]) than in men (46/130 [35.4%]) treated with dapagliflozin. In the body mass index < 30, ≥ 30−< 35 and ≥ 35 kg/m2 dapagliflozin-treated subgroups, 38/882 (4.3%), 47/796 (5.9%) and 45/682 (6.6%) patients presented with genital infections, respectively. Although the frequency was low overall and relatively similar between subgroups, there was a trend towards an increase in genital infections in patients with a higher body mass index. This trend is unlikely to be clinically relevant or to affect suitability of dapagliflozin as a treatment option for obese patients with Type 2 diabetes, but rather should influence advice and counselling of overweight patients on prevention and treatment of genital infections.

scholarly journals The Impacts ofSLC22A1rs594709 andSLC47A1rs2289669 Polymorphisms on Metformin Therapeutic Efficacy in Chinese Type 2 Diabetes Patients

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Di Xiao ◽  
Yu Guo ◽  
Xi Li ◽  
Ji-Ye Yin ◽  
Wei Zheng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Therapeutic Efficacy ◽  
Healthy Subjects ◽  
Allele Frequencies ◽  
Metformin Treatment ◽  
Newly Diagnosed ◽  
Genotype Frequencies ◽  
Metformin Monotherapy ◽  
Significant Difference

Background. We aimed to investigate the distributive characteristics ofSLC22A1rs594709 andSLC47A1rs2289669 polymorphisms and their influence on metformin efficacy in Chinese T2DM patients.Methods. The distributions ofSLC22A1rs594709 andSLC47A1rs2289669 polymorphisms were determined in 267 T2DM patients and 182 healthy subjects. Subsequently, 53 newly diagnosed patients who received metformin monotherapy were recruited to evaluate metformin efficacy.Results. No significant difference was found between T2DM patients and healthy subjects inSLC22A1rs594709 andSLC47A1rs2289669 allele frequencies and genotype frequencies. After metformin treatment,SLC22A1rs594709 GG genotype patients showed a higher increase in FINS (p=0.015) and decrease in HOMA-IS (p=0.001) and QUICKI (p=0.002) than A allele carriers.SLC47A1rs2289669 GG genotype patients had a higher decrease in TChol (p=0.030) and LDL-C (p=0.049) than A allele carriers. AmongSLC22A1rs594709 AA genotype, patients withSLC47A1rs2289669 AA genotype showed a higher decrease in FBG (p=0.015), PINS (p=0.041), and HOMA-IR (p=0.014) than G allele carriers. However, amongSLC22A1rs594709 G allele carriers,SLC47A1rs2289669 AA genotype patients showed a higher decrease in TChol (p=0.013) than G allele carriers.Conclusion. Our data suggest thatSLC22A1rs594709 andSLC47A1rs2289669 polymorphisms may influence metformin efficacy together in Chinese T2DM patients.

scholarly journals Comparison of 3 Medicine Groups Used to Control Glycemic and Glycated Hemoglobin Levels in Newly Diagnosed Type 2 Diabetes Patients

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (B) ◽  
pp. 101-106
Author(s):  
Ngoc Chau Nguyen ◽  
Hoai Thuong Pham ◽  
Diep Thao Pham ◽  
Thi Minh Hoang ◽  
Thi Phuong Lan Dam ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Glucose Level ◽  
Glucose Control ◽  
Glycated Hemoglobin ◽  
Control Level ◽  
Newly Diagnosed ◽  
P Values ◽  
Metformin Group ◽  
Hba1c Levels

AIM: This research aims to compare the effectiveness of three medicines groups in controlling glycemic and glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) levels in the newly diagnosed diabetes mellitus type 2. METHODS: One hundred fifty newly diagnosed patients with type 2 diabetes were treated by mono therapy and divided into three groups. Each group of 50 patients was treated by one medicine: Group 1 using Diamicron MR 30 mg (Sulfonylurea) – three capsules per day, Group 2 using metformin 500 mg – 1–3 capsules per day, and Group 3 using Januvia (sitagliptin, dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitor) 100 mg – 1 capsule per day. The evaluation of glucose control was based on fasting plasma glucose and HbA1c concentration and divided into three levels: Excellent, good, and poor. The assessment was carried out after every 3 months of treatment, at 3rd month, 6th month, and 12th month (WHO, 2002). RESULTS: After treatment 3, 6, and 12 months, glucose level was decreased when compared to before treatment in all three groups (pall < 0.001). At the month 6th, the groups treated by sulfonylurea and sitagliptin had lower glucose level than metformin (with p values were 0.04 and 0.01, respectively), and maintained the low glucose level from the month 6th to month 12th (with p values were 0.71 and 0.77, respectively) while glucose level of the metformin group increased (p = 0.005). HbA1c has decreased dramatically in all three groups after treatment (p values of sulfonylurea group at the month 3rd, 6th, and 12th vs. before treatment were 0.006, 0.021, and 0.001, respectively; all p values of metformin group at the month 3rd, 6th, and 12th vs. before treatment were below 0.001; all p values of sitagliptin group at the month 3rd, 6th, and 12th vs. before treatment were below 0.001). The group treated by sitagliptin got the highest ratio of excellent HbA1c control (82% after 12 months of treatment). CONCLUSION: Significant improvement of glucose and HbA1c levels was observed in all three groups. Glucose control level of group treated with sulfonylurea was markedly improved and the group treated with sitagliptin achieved optimal control of HbA1c.

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