scholarly journals Quantitative Analysis of Efficiency Improvement of a Propulsion Drive by Using SiC Devices: A Case of Study

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kundan Kumar ◽  
Manuele Bertoluzzo ◽  
Giuseppe Buja ◽  
Fernando Ortenzi
Keyword(s):  
Silicon Carbide ◽  
Quantitative Analysis ◽  
Electric Vehicles ◽  
Test Bench ◽  
Efficiency Improvement ◽  
Power Losses ◽  
Research Topics ◽  
Electric Car ◽  
Motor Efficiency ◽  
Overall Efficiency

One of the emerging research topics in the propulsion drive of the electric vehicles is the improvement in the efficiency of its component parts, namely, the propulsion motor and the associated inverter. This paper is focused on the efficiency of the inverter and analyzes the improvement that follows from the replacement of the silicon (Si) IGBT devices with silicon carbide (SiC) MOSFETs. To this end, the paper starts by deriving the voltage-current solicitations of the inverter over the working torque-speed plane of the propulsion motor. Then, a proper model of the power losses in the inverter over a supply period of the motor is formulated for the two types of device, including the integrated freewheeling diode. By putting together the voltage-current solicitations and the device power losses, the efficiency maps of the Si IGBT and SiC MOSFET inverters are calculated and compared over the torque-speed plane. The results for the Si IGBT inverter are supported by measurements executed on a marketed C-segment compact electric car, while the SiC MOSFET loss model is validated by an on-purpose built test bench. Finally, the overall efficiency of the propulsion drive is calculated by accounting for the motor efficiency. Main outcomes of the paper is a quantitative evaluation of both the improvement in the efficiency achievable with the SiC MOSFETs and the ensuing increase in the electric car range.

scholarly journals Eco-Driving for Different Electric Powertrain Topologies Considering Motor Efficiency

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 6
Author(s):  
Alexander Koch ◽  
Tim Bürchner ◽  
Thomas Herrmann ◽  
Markus Lienkamp
Keyword(s):  
Dynamic Programming ◽  
Electric Vehicles ◽  
Quadratic Functions ◽  
Simultaneous Optimization ◽  
Speed Profile ◽  
Power Demand ◽  
Electric Motors ◽  
Car Following ◽  
Motor Efficiency ◽  
Computationally Expensive

Electrification and automatization may change the environmental impact of vehicles. Current eco-driving approaches for electric vehicles fit the electric power of the motor by quadratic functions and are limited to powertrains with one motor and single-speed transmission or use computationally expensive algorithms. This paper proposes an online nonlinear algorithm, which handles the non-convex power demand of electric motors. Therefore, this algorithm allows the simultaneous optimization of speed profile and powertrain operation for electric vehicles with multiple motors and multiple gears. We compare different powertrain topologies in a free-flow scenario and a car-following scenario. Dynamic Programming validates the proposed algorithm. Optimal speed profiles alter for different powertrain topologies. Powertrains with multiple gears and motors require less energy during eco-driving. Furthermore, the powertrain-dependent correlations between jerk restriction and energy consumption are shown.

A unified quantitative analysis of fuel economy for hybrid electric vehicles based on energy flow

2021 ◽  
Vol 292 ◽  
pp. 126040
Author(s):  
Xiaohua Zeng ◽  
Qifeng Qian ◽  
Hongxu Chen ◽  
Dafeng Song ◽  
Guanghan Li
Keyword(s):  
Quantitative Analysis ◽  
Electric Vehicles ◽  
Fuel Economy ◽  
Energy Flow ◽  
Hybrid Electric Vehicles ◽  
Hybrid Electric

scholarly journals Design, Analysis and Application of Single-Wheel Test Bench for All-Electric Antilock Braking System in Electric Vehicles

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (5) ◽  
pp. 1294
Author(s):  
Xiangdang XUE ◽  
Ka Wai Eric CHENG ◽  
Wing Wa CHAN ◽  
Yat Chi FONG ◽  
Kin Lung Jerry KAN ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electric Vehicles ◽  
Test Bench ◽  
Potential Candidate ◽  
Vertical Force ◽  
Abs Algorithms ◽  
Braking System ◽  
Vehicle Velocity ◽  
Antilock Braking System ◽  
Antilock Braking ◽  
Electromechanical Brake

An antilock braking system (ABS) is one of the most important components in a road vehicle, which provides active protection during braking, to prevent the wheels from locking-up and achieve handling stability and steerability. The all-electric ABS without any hydraulic components is a potential candidate for electric vehicles. To demonstrate and examine the all-electric ABS algorithms, this article proposes a single-wheel all-electric ABS test bench, which mainly includes the vehicle wheel, the roller, the flywheels, and the electromechanical brake. To simulate dynamic operation of a real vehicle’s wheel, the kinetic energy of the total rotary components in the bench is designed to match the quarter of the one of a commercial car. The vertical force to the wheel is adjustable. The tire-roller contact simulates the real tire-road contact. The roller’s circumferential velocity represents the longitudinal vehicle velocity. The design and analysis of the proposed bench are described in detail. For the developed prototype, the rated clamping force of the electromechanical brake is 11 kN, the maximum vertical force to the wheel reaches 300 kg, and the maximum roller (vehicle) velocity reaches 100 km/h. The measurable bandwidth of the wheel speed is 4 Hz–2 kHz and the motor speed is 2.5 Hz–50 kHz. The measured results including the roller (vehicle) velocity, the wheel velocity, and the wheel slip are satisfactory. This article offers the effective tools to verify all-electric ABS algorithms in a laboratory, hence saving time and cost for the subsequent test on a real road.

Review of Research on Coordinated Charging of Electric Vehicles

2013 ◽  
Vol 860-863 ◽  
pp. 1164-1172 ◽  
Author(s):  
Feng Ni ◽  
Zhi Jian Liu ◽  
Hao Zhang ◽  
Shuo Liu ◽  
Feng Wu
Keyword(s):  
Electric Vehicles ◽  
Peak Shift ◽  
Frequency Regulation ◽  
Time And Space ◽  
Control Effectiveness ◽  
Electric Vehicle Charging ◽  
Electric Car ◽  
New Energy ◽  
Coordinated Charging ◽  
Dual Scale

With the development of technologies of large capacity batteries and electric vehicles, the number of electric-car will increase dramatically. As a result, disorderly charging will cause a significant impact on the safe and economic operation of power system. Charging load has its adjustability on dual scale of time and space. With this feature, load dispatch in both time and space for dual scale is possible which has a positive effect on the operation of power grid. This paper introduces some recent research achievements on orderly charge control, including electric vehicle charging demand characteristics and load model. Explores the orderly charging, especially the control effectiveness of V2G mode on cases of peak-shift, coordinated operation of new energy, frequency regulation and other aspects. Orderly control strategy for electric vehicles is also put forward. Finally, points out the deficiencies of current research and prospects for future.

Minimization of power losses in hybrid electric vehicles in view of the prolonging of battery life

2009 ◽  
Vol 190 (2) ◽  
pp. 372-379 ◽  
Author(s):  
Meisam Amiri ◽  
Mohsen Esfahanian ◽  
Mohammad Reza Hairi-Yazdi ◽  
Vahid Esfahanian
Keyword(s):  
Electric Vehicles ◽  
Hybrid Electric Vehicles ◽  
Battery Life ◽  
Power Losses ◽  
Hybrid Electric

Impact on Overall Efficiency of Component Efficiency Increases for an Existing Thermal Electrical Generating Station

2002 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marc A. Rosen
Keyword(s):  
Exergy Analysis ◽  
Large Temperature ◽  
Efficiency Improvement ◽  
Combustion Heat ◽  
Component Efficiency ◽  
Pertinent Information ◽  
Electrical Generator ◽  
Overall Efficiency ◽  
Exergy Analyses ◽  
Exergy Losses

Most electrical generating utilities are striving to improve the efficiencies of their existing thermal electric generating stations, many of which are old. Exergy methods have been shown to provide meaningful insights that can assist in increasing the efficiency of conventional coal-to-electricity technologies. Here, exergy analysis is used to assess measures for improving the efficiencies of coal-fired electrical generating stations. This scope of the study is limited to minor practical improvements, which can be undertaken with limited effort and cost and are not overly complex. The plant considered is the coal-fired Nanticoke Generating Station (GS) in Ontario, Canada. The findings suggest that the results of exergy analyses should be used, along with other pertinent information, to guide efficiency improvement efforts for thermal generating stations. Also, efficiency improvement efforts should focus on plant components responsible for the largest exergy losses: the steam generator (where large losses occur from combustion heat transfer across large temperature differences), the turbines, the electrical generator and the transformer. Possible improvements in these areas should be assessed in conjunction with other criteria, and other components should be considered where economically beneficial improvements can be identified.

scholarly journals Significant Implication of Optimal Capacitor Placement and Sizing for a Sustainable Electrical Operation in a Building

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (13) ◽  
pp. 5399
Author(s):  
Muhd Azri Abdul Razak ◽  
Muhammad Murtadha Othman ◽  
Ismail Musirin ◽  
Mohd Ainor Yahya ◽  
Zilaila Zakaria
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Efficiency Improvement ◽  
Power Losses ◽  
Electrical System ◽  
Real Power ◽  
Energy Efficiency Improvement ◽  
Capacitor Placement ◽  
Optimal Capacitor Placement

The improvement of energy efficiency plays an important role to ensure sustainable electrical operation in large-scale buildings. In relation to the low-cost electrical components, a capacitor is an electrical component that can be used to sustain or improve the operating performance of an unbalanced electrical system in large-scale buildings so that energy efficiency improvement can be obtained. This is important to overcome the ineffective utilization of energy caused by the occurrence of power losses in an unbalanced electrical system of large-scale buildings. Further improvement of energy efficiency can be obtained by reducing an excessive amount of incoming power through the determination of tap setting for incoming transformer, and this is classified under the concept of conservative voltage regulation (CVR) approach. In order to solve the problem, the optimal capacitor placement and sizing (OCPS) with CVR is introduced as a new approach for energy efficiency improvement while ensuring a sustainable operation in an unbalanced electrical system of large-scale buildings. The proposed technique utilizes the artificial intelligence (AI) based differential evolution particle swarm optimization (DEPSO) technique with the objective function of total cost minimization for the real power losses, real power consumption, and capacitors installation. The effectiveness of the proposed technique to achieve energy efficiency improvement is investigated through a case study of an unbalanced electrical system in a large-scale office building. The significance of the research output is related to its low-cost technology that has the potential for a comprehensive, pragmatic implementation in large-scale buildings, and subsequently, it will significantly accelerate the increase of national agenda in energy efficiency.

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