scholarly journals A New Natural Antioxidant Mixture Protects against Oxidative and DNA Damage in Endothelial Cell Exposed to Low-Dose Irradiation

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Cervelli ◽  
D. Panetta ◽  
T. Navarra ◽  
S. Gadhiri ◽  
P. Salvadori ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Endothelial Cells ◽  
Low Dose ◽  
Umbilical Vein ◽  
Stress Generation ◽  
X Rays ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Dose Irradiation ◽  
Radiation Induced ◽  
Risk Of Cancer

Exposure to ionizing radiation during diagnostic procedures increases systemic oxidative stress and predisposes to higher risk of cancer and cardiovascular disease development. Many studies indicated that antioxidants protect against radiation-induced damage and have high efficacy and lack of toxicity in preventing radiation exposure damages. The purpose of this study was to investigate the in vitro protective effect of a new antioxidant mixture, named RiduROS, on oxidative stress generation and DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) induced by low doses of X-rays in endothelial cells. Human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) were treated with RiduROS mixture 24 h before a single exposure to X-rays at an absorbed dose of 0.25 Gy. The production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) was evaluated by fluorescent dye staining and nitric oxide (NO) by the Griess reaction, and DSBs were evaluated as number of γ-H2AX foci. We demonstrated that antioxidant mixture reduced oxidative stress induced by low dose of X-ray irradiation and that RiduROS pretreatment is more effective in protecting against radiation-induced oxidative stress than single antioxidants. Moreover, RiduROS mixture is able to reduce γ-H2AX foci formation after low-dose X-ray exposure. The texted mixture of antioxidants significantly reduced oxidative stress and γ-H2AX foci formation in endothelial cells exposed to low-dose irradiation. These results suggest that RiduROS could have a role as an effective radioprotectant against low-dose damaging effects.

scholarly journals Zhengyuan prescription inhibits X-ray-induced injury of human umbilical vein endothelial cells by activating the Nrf2 signaling pathway

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
cheng xiaoni ◽  
Yalei Pan ◽  
Zhishu Tang ◽  
Rui Zhou ◽  
Haichao Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Endothelial Cells ◽  
Membrane Potential ◽  
Mitochondrial Membrane ◽  
Umbilical Vein ◽  
X Rays ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Nrf2 Signaling Pathway ◽  
Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells ◽  
And Oxidative Stress

Abstract Background: Zhengyuan prescription (ZYP) is a Chinese herbal medicine used in clinical practice to protect against radiotherapy-induced injuries. In this study, we investigate the protective effect of ZYP against X-ray-induced injury of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs), and we explore the mechanisms underlying this effect.Methods: After 3 h of ZYP intervention, the cells in the ZYP group were irradiated with 6 Gy X-rays and cultured for 48 h. Subsequently, the cell viability, cell morphology, mitochondrial membrane potential, and apoptosis and oxidative stress markers were observed, as well as the expressions of apoptotic and oxidative stress proteins.Results: The obtained results demonstrate that exposure to X-rays promotes cell death, reduces mitochondrial membrane potential, and induces the pirroduction of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS). Pretreatment with ZYP reverses these effects to a great extent. Moreover, it up-regulates the expression of the B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2) apoptosis inhibitor protein while down-regulating the expressions of Bcl-2-associated X protein (Bax), caspase-3, and caspase-9. Interestingly, ZYP can also inhibit oxidative stress injury by activating the expression of Nrf2 (Nuclear Factor E2 related factor) regulated antioxidant enzyme genes such as Heme oxygenase 1 (HO-1) and NAD(P)H:quinone oxidoreductase-1 (NQO1)Conclusions: This study is the first to demonstrate that ZYP suppresses X-ray-induced injury of HUVECs by activating the Nrf2 signaling pathway.

scholarly journals ROS- and Radiation Source-Dependent Modulation of Leukocyte Adhesion to Primary Microvascular Endothelial Cells

Cells ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 72
Author(s):  
Denise Eckert ◽  
Felicitas Rapp ◽  
Ayele T. Tsedeke ◽  
Jessica Molendowska ◽  
Robert Lehn ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Endothelial Cells ◽  
Mrna Expression ◽  
Radiation Source ◽  
Low Dose ◽  
Leukocyte Adhesion ◽  
Microvascular Endothelial Cells ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Dose Irradiation ◽  
Intracellular Ros ◽  
Static Conditions

Anti-inflammatory effects of low-dose irradiation often follow a non-linear dose–effect relationship. These characteristics were also described for the modulation of leukocyte adhesion to endothelial cells. Previous results further revealed a contribution of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and anti-oxidative factors to a reduced leukocyte adhesion. Here, we evaluated the expression of anti-oxidative enzymes and the transcription factor Nrf2 (Nuclear factor-erythroid-2-related factor 2), intracellular ROS content, and leukocyte adhesion in primary human microvascular endothelial cells (HMVEC) upon low-dose irradiation under physiological laminar shear stress or static conditions after irradiation with X-ray or Carbon (C)-ions (0–2 Gy). Laminar conditions contributed to increased mRNA expression of anti-oxidative factors and reduced ROS in HMVEC following a 0.1 Gy X-ray and 0.5 Gy C-ion exposure, corresponding to reduced leukocyte adhesion and expression of adhesion molecules. By contrast, mRNA expression of anti-oxidative markers and adhesion molecules, ROS, and leukocyte adhesion were not altered by irradiation under static conditions. In conclusion, irradiation of endothelial cells with low doses under physiological laminar conditions modulates the mRNA expression of key factors of the anti-oxidative system, the intracellular ROS contents of which contribute at least in part to leucocyte adhesion, dependent on the radiation source.

scholarly journals Analysis of liver damage from radon, X-ray, or alcohol treatments in mice using a self-organizing map

2017 ◽  
Vol 58 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-40 ◽  
Author(s):  
Norie Kanzaki ◽  
Takahiro Kataoka ◽  
Reo Etani ◽  
Kaori Sasaoka ◽  
Akihiro Kanagawa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Liver Damage ◽  
Low Dose ◽  
Self Organizing Map ◽  
X Rays ◽  
Low Dose Radiation ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Radon Inhalation ◽  
Dose Radiation ◽  
Self Organizing

Abstract In our previous studies, we found that low-dose radiation inhibits oxidative stress–induced diseases due to increased antioxidants. Although these effects of low-dose radiation were demonstrated, further research was needed to clarify the effects. However, the analysis of oxidative stress is challenging, especially that of low levels of oxidative stress, because antioxidative substances are intricately involved. Thus, we proposed an approach for analysing oxidative liver damage via use of a self-organizing map (SOM)—a novel and comprehensive technique for evaluating hepatic and antioxidative function. Mice were treated with radon inhalation, irradiated with X-rays, or subjected to intraperitoneal injection of alcohol. We evaluated the oxidative damage levels in the liver from the SOM results for hepatic function and antioxidative substances. The results showed that the effects of low-dose irradiation (radon inhalation at a concentration of up to 2000 Bq/m3, or X-irradiation at a dose of up to 2.0 Gy) were comparable with the effect of alcohol administration at 0.5 g/kg bodyweight. Analysis using the SOM to discriminate small changes was made possible by its ability to ‘learn’ to adapt to unexpected changes. Moreover, when using a spherical SOM, the method comprehensively examined liver damage by radon, X-ray, and alcohol. We found that the types of liver damage caused by radon, X-rays, and alcohol have different characteristics. Therefore, our approaches would be useful as a method for evaluating oxidative liver damage caused by radon, X-rays and alcohol.

scholarly journals IN VIVO RADIOPROTECTIVE EFFECTS OF WHEATGRASS (TRITICUM AESTIVUM) EXTRACT AGAINST X-IRRADAITION-INDUCED OXIDATIVE STRESS AND APOPTOSIS IN PERIPHERAL BLOOD LYMPHOCYTES IN RATS

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 239
Author(s):  
Chandresh Shyam ◽  
Devinder K Dhawan ◽  
Vijayta D Chadha
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Antioxidant Enzymes ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Control Group ◽  
X Rays ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Peripheral Lymphocytes ◽  
X Irradiation ◽  
Radiation Induced

 Objectives: The present study was undertaken to investigate the possible protective potential of wheatgrass extract against radiation-induced toxicity in peripheral lymphocytes of rats exposed to a fractionated dose of X-rays.Methods: Effects of the X-irradiation with and without wheatgrass were studied on various parameters in peripheral lymphocytes including antioxidant defense system and apoptosis. Male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into four different groups: Normal control group, X-ray-irradiated group (21 Gy over a span of 7 days), wheatgrass-treated group (80 mg/100 g bodyweight for 2 weeks), and X-rays-irradiated + wheatgrass-treated group. All the biochemical indices which included lipid peroxidation (LPO), reduced glutathione, reactive oxygen species (ROS), and activities of antioxidant enzymes were investigated in lymphocytes. Terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick-end labeling assay was carried out to assess the apoptosis in lymphocytes following whole-body X-irradiation.Results: Whole-body X-irradiation to rats resulted in significant increase in LPO with concomitant depression of antioxidant enzymes activities, namely, superoxide dismutase, catalase, and glutathione peroxidise (GPx) in lymphocytes. Further, the present study witnessed a significant increase in the number of apoptotic lymphocytes in the X-irradiated animals. However, wheatgrass supplementation lowered the LPO levels, restored cellular antioxidant status, and provided significant protection against radiation-induced apoptosis.Conclusions: Based on these observations, the present study suggests that wheatgrass extract has the potential to be used as an effective radioprotectant against radiation-induced oxidative stress and apoptosis in peripheral lymphocytes of whole-body X-ray-exposed rats.

scholarly journals Low-dose irradiation reduces forced swim test-induced immobility and oxidative stress in mice

2021 ◽  
Vol 165 ◽  
pp. 56-57
Author(s):  
Shota Naoe ◽  
Takahiro Kataoka ◽  
Hina Shuto ◽  
Junki Yano ◽  
Tetsuya Nakada ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Low Dose ◽  
Forced Swim Test ◽  
Swim Test ◽  
Dose Irradiation ◽  
Forced Swim ◽  
And Oxidative Stress

scholarly journals Cytoprotective Role of Edible Seahorse (Hippocampus abdominalis)-Derived Peptides in H2O2-Induced Oxidative Stress in Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells

Marine Drugs ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 86
Author(s):  
Yunok Oh ◽  
Chang-Bum Ahn ◽  
Jae-Young Je
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Endothelial Cells ◽  
Cardiovascular Diseases ◽  
Combination Treatment ◽  
Umbilical Vein ◽  
Heme Oxygenase 1 ◽  
Related Factor ◽  
Nuclear Staining ◽  
Human Umbilical Vein ◽  
Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells

Oxidative stress-induced endothelial dysfunction is strongly linked to the pathogenesis of cardiovascular diseases. A previous study revealed that seahorse hydrolysates ameliorated oxidative stress-mediated human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) injury. However, the responsible compounds have not yet been identified. This study aimed to identify cytoprotective peptides and to investigate the molecular mechanism underlying the cytoprotective role in H2O2-induced HUVECs injury. After purification by gel filtration and HPLC, two peptides were sequenced by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry as HGSH (436.43 Da) and KGPSW (573.65 Da). The synthesized peptides and their combination (1:1 ratio) showed significant HUVECs protection effect at 100 μg/mL against H2O2-induced oxidative damage via significantly reducing intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS). Two peptides and their combination treatment resulted in the increased heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1), a phase II detoxifying enzyme, through the activation of nuclear transcription factor-erythroid 2-related factor (Nrf2). Additionally, cell cycle and nuclear staining analysis revealed that two peptides and their combination significantly protected H2O2-induced cell death through antiapoptotic action. Two peptides and their combination treatment led to inhibit the expression of proapoptotic Bax, the release of cytochrome C into the cytosol, the activation of caspase 3 by H2O2 treatment in HUVECs, whereas antiapoptotic Bcl-2 expression was increased with concomitant downregulation of Bax/Bcl-2 ratio. Taken together, these results suggest that seahorse-derived peptides may be a promising agent for oxidative stress-related cardiovascular diseases.

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