scholarly journals Analysis of Dynamic Coupling Characteristics of the Slope Reinforced by Sheet Pile Wall

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. L. Qu ◽  
H. Luo ◽  
L. Liu ◽  
Y. Liu
Keyword(s):  
Slip Surface ◽  
Retaining Wall ◽  
Time History ◽  
Interaction Force ◽  
Body Parts ◽  
Sheet Pile ◽  
Stabilizing Piles ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Coupling Characteristics ◽  
Sheet Pile Wall

Large deformation of slope caused by earthquake can lead to the loss of stability of slope and its retaining structures. At present, there have been some research achievements about the slope reinforcement of stabilizing piles. However, due to the complexity of the structural system, the coupling relationship between soil and pile is still not well understood. Hence it is of great necessity to study its dynamic characteristics further. In view of this, a numerical model was established by FLAC3D in this paper, and the deformation and stress nephogram of sheet pile wall in peak ground motion acceleration (PGA) at 0.1 g, 0.2 g, and 0.4 g were obtained. Through the analysis, some conclusions were obtained. Firstly, based on the nephogram of motion characteristics and the positions of the slip surface and the retaining wall, the reinforced slope can be divided into 6 sections approximatively, namely, the sliding body parts of A, B, C, D, and E and the bedrock part F. Secondly, the deformation and stress distributions of slope reinforced by sheet pile wall were carefully studied. Based on the results of deformation calculation from time history analysis, the interaction force between structure and soil can be estimated by the difference of peak horizontal displacements, and the structure-soil coupling law under earthquake can be studied by this approach.

scholarly journals Investigation of Influencing Factors on the Deformation of Sheet Pile Wall with a Relieving Platform

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-16
Author(s):  
Ming Zhang ◽  
Wei Wang ◽  
Ronghua Hu ◽  
Ziyi Wang
Keyword(s):  
Influencing Factors ◽  
External Load ◽  
Retaining Wall ◽  
Design Parameters ◽  
Wall Structure ◽  
Sheet Pile ◽  
Maximum Deformation ◽  
Deformation Control ◽  
Test Models ◽  
Sheet Pile Wall

Owing to the complexity of the sheet pile wall with a relieving platform, there are a large number of factors that affect the mechanical and deformation characteristics of the wall structure. Moreover, studying the influencing factors on the deformation of the retaining wall is beneficial in the selection of design parameters and deformation control. 28 groups of test models of the retaining wall structure are designed to analyze the effect on the deformation of rib pillars and determine the reasonable width and buried depth of the unloading board in this paper. The tests are conducted with and without the unloading board, and different widths and buried depths of the unloading board are also considered. The findings show that, without the external load, the reasonable board width and buried depth are 0.70 times and 0.53 times the wall height. With the external load, the reasonable board width is 0.35 times the wall height, and the large board width cannot effectively reduce the deformation of rib pillars, and the reasonable board width is 0.60 times the wall height. When both the external load and board width are relatively small, the reasonable buried depth is 0.53 times the wall height. However, when the external load is large, the reasonable buried depth is 0.70 times the wall height. The results also show that the setting of the unloading board effectively suppresses the deformation of rib pillars and controls the maximum deformation within an allowable range of the specification.

scholarly journals Seismic damage mechanism of bedrock and overburden layer slope reinforced by sheet pile wall

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 667-679
Author(s):  
Honglue Qu ◽  
Chenxu Wang ◽  
Gulan Zhang ◽  
Ying Liu ◽  
Hao Luo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Shaking Table Test ◽  
Slip Surface ◽  
Seismic Damage ◽  
Shaking Table ◽  
Sheet Pile ◽  
Transform Method ◽  
Hilbert Huang Transform ◽  
Marginal Spectrum ◽  
Sheet Pile Wall

Abstract Sheet pile walls, widely used in landslide control projects, have demonstrated excellent seismic performance during the great Wenchuan earthquake, as indicated by an investigation of retaining walls following earthquake damage. To further understand the mechanism of seismic damage based on the Hilbert–Huang transform method and marginal spectrum identification theory, a large-scale shaking table test of bedrock and overburden layer slope reinforced by sheet pile wall was carried out, and the mechanism of seismic damage was analysed. The results show that the change in marginal spectrum amplitude and characteristic frequency can clearly indicate the degree of seismic damage to the slope soil. First, the dynamic response of the slope soil near sheet pile wall is smaller than the response observed in soil farther from the wall, and the degree of seismic damage near the wall is relatively weaker than that farther away from the wall. Second, the energy of the seismic wave cannot be completely transferred behind the wall, and the strip cracks of soil behind the wall can be determined. Finally, the slope soil slides along a slip surface so that the front edge of the slope is squeezed due to the vertical tensile cracks at the rear edge. In addition, the results confirm the feasibility of the Hilbert–Huang transform method for studying the mechanism of the seismic damage to the structure-soil coupling system.

Our Bodies, Whose Property?

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anne Phillips
Keyword(s):  
Labor Markets ◽  
Personal Autonomy ◽  
The Body ◽  
Body Parts ◽  
Complex Issue ◽  
Human Organs ◽  
Property Owners ◽  
The Common ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The Right

No one wants to be treated like an object, regarded as an item of property, or put up for sale. Yet many people frame personal autonomy in terms of self-ownership, representing themselves as property owners with the right to do as they wish with their bodies. Others do not use the language of property, but are similarly insistent on the rights of free individuals to decide for themselves whether to engage in commercial transactions for sex, reproduction, or organ sales. Drawing on analyses of rape, surrogacy, and markets in human organs, this book challenges notions of freedom based on ownership of our bodies and argues against the normalization of markets in bodily services and parts. The book explores the risks associated with metaphors of property and the reasons why the commodification of the body remains problematic. The book asks what is wrong with thinking of oneself as the owner of one's body? What is wrong with making our bodies available for rent or sale? What, if anything, is the difference between markets in sex, reproduction, or human body parts, and the other markets we commonly applaud? The book contends that body markets occupy the outer edges of a continuum that is, in some way, a feature of all labor markets. But it also emphasizes that we all have bodies, and considers the implications of this otherwise banal fact for equality. Bodies remind us of shared vulnerability, alerting us to the common experience of living as embodied beings in the same world. Examining the complex issue of body exceptionalism, the book demonstrates that treating the body as property makes human equality harder to comprehend.

scholarly journals Embodied Energy Optimization of Buttressed Earth-Retaining Walls with Hybrid Simulated Annealing

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 1800
Author(s):  
David Martínez-Muñoz ◽  
José V. Martí ◽  
José García ◽  
Víctor Yepes
Keyword(s):  
Retaining Wall ◽  
Cost Optimization ◽  
Energy Optimization ◽  
Optimization Criterion ◽  
Embodied Energy ◽  
Economic Optimization ◽  
Hybrid Simulated Annealing ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Reduce Emissions ◽  
Geometric Variables

The importance of construction in the consumption of natural resources is leading structural design professionals to create more efficient structure designs that reduce emissions as well as the energy consumed. This paper presents an automated process to obtain low embodied energy buttressed earth-retaining wall optimum designs. Two objective functions were considered to compare the difference between a cost optimization and an embodied energy optimization. To reach the best design for every optimization criterion, a tuning of the algorithm parameters was carried out. This study used a hybrid simulated optimization algorithm to obtain the values of the geometry, the concrete resistances, and the amounts of concrete and materials to obtain an optimum buttressed earth-retaining wall low embodied energy design. The relation between all the geometric variables and the wall height was obtained by adjusting the linear and parabolic functions. A relationship was found between the two optimization criteria, and it can be concluded that cost and energy optimization are linked. This allows us to state that a cost reduction of €1 has an associated energy consumption reduction of 4.54 kWh. To achieve a low embodied energy design, it is recommended to reduce the distance between buttresses with respect to economic optimization. This decrease allows a reduction in the reinforcing steel needed to resist stem bending. The difference between the results of the geometric variables of the foundation for the two-optimization objectives reveals hardly any variation between them. This work gives technicians some rules to get optimum cost and embodied energy design. Furthermore, it compares designs obtained through these two optimization objectives with traditional design recommendations.

Anchor rod forces and maximum bending moments in sheet pile walls using the factored strength approach

1996 ◽  
Vol 33 (5) ◽  
pp. 815-821 ◽  
Author(s):  
A B Schriver ◽  
A J Valsangkar
Keyword(s):  
Water Pressure ◽  
Limit State ◽  
Bending Moment ◽  
Ultimate Limit State ◽  
Sheet Pile ◽  
Limit States ◽  
Working Stress ◽  
Geotechnical Design ◽  
Ultimate Limit State Design ◽  
Sheet Pile Wall

Recently, the limit states approach using factored strength has been recommended in geotechnical design. Some recent research has indicated that the application of limit states design using recommended load and strength factors leads to conservative designs compared with the conventional methods. In this study the influence of sheet pile wall geometry, type of water pressure distribution, and different methods of analysis on the maximum bending moment and achor rod force are presented. Recommendations are made to make the factored strength design compatible with conventional design. Key words: factored strength, working stress design, ultimate limit state design, anchored sheet pile wall, bending moment, anchor rod force.

Performance of temporary tie-backs under winter conditions

1981 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 566-572 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. R. Morgenstern ◽  
D. C. Sego
Keyword(s):  
Air Temperature ◽  
Earth Pressure ◽  
Pressure Measurements ◽  
Sheet Pile ◽  
Freezing And Thawing ◽  
Railway Line ◽  
Winter Conditions ◽  
Design Requirements ◽  
The City ◽  
Sheet Pile Wall

The construction of an underpass in the City of Edmonton required the temporary relocation of the CNR main-line prior to the construction of a permanent bridge. The line was placed close to the underpass excavation which was supported by a tie-back sheet pile wall. Because of the stringent requirements associated with the presence of the railway line, the supports were designed on a conservative basis and observations of tie-back loads were taken over a period of 7 months.This note presents the observations of tie-back loads from January to July, 1977. Following installation in accordance with the design requirements, substantial fluctuations in tie-back load were observed for about 3 months. Then the loads fell off gradually to about 50% of the originally applied values. The variation of the load with time bears a strong correlation with average air temperature and is accounted for by the alternate freezing and thawing of the ground adjacent to the sheet pile wall. The ultimate decline in load is attributed to relaxation of the soil behind the wall during spring thaw. The case history draws attention to special requirements associated with interpretation of earth pressure measurements during winter con struction.

Beyond anthropomorphism: Odissi and the botanical

2012 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 157-165
Author(s):  
Sally Gardner
Keyword(s):  
Body Schema ◽  
Contemporary Dance ◽  
Body Parts ◽  
Bharata Natyam ◽  
Indian Dance ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Tribal Cultures ◽  
Cultural Body

Drawing on experiences that have entailed watching and learning forms of so-called ‘Indian dance’ (Bharata Natyam and Odissi), and watching Odissi dancers performing in various locations in Orissa’s ‘sacred triangle’ (Puri, Konark, Bhubaneswar), and against my own background in contemporary dance, I propose that the difference of the Odissi body is that the dancer dances with his or her feet in more than one kingdom – that is, he or she maintains a link between human bodies and the bodies of plants. Such a perception can help to displace questions of the dancer’s spatiality and representations, challenging western or westernized visions of the industrial or mechanical body, assumed hierarchies of body parts and their signifying powers, and assumptions about the role of the joints. The sense of a botanical imaginary or specific cultural body-schema at work in Odissi dance is supported by discussion of historical and ethnographic literature pertaining to the (former) female dancers of the Jagannath Temple in Puri; the temple’s links with Oriyan tribal cultures; the dancers’ traditional importance according to an axis of social auspiciousness/inauspiciousness as opposed to social purity/impurity; and the particular processes of the reconstruction of Odissi dance (separate from that of Bharata natyam) after independence.

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