scholarly journals Estimating Spectral Efficiency Curves from Connection Traces in a Live LTE Network

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matías Toril ◽  
Rocío Acedo-Hernández ◽  
Almudena Sánchez ◽  
Salvador Luna-Ramírez ◽  
Carlos Úbeda
Keyword(s):  
Spectral Efficiency ◽  
Network Performance ◽  
Base Stations ◽  
Performance Measurements ◽  
Large Dataset ◽  
Multiple Factors ◽  
Term Evolution ◽  
Commercial Network ◽  
Key Parameter

In cellular networks, spectral efficiency is a key parameter when designing network infrastructure. Despite the existence of theoretical model for this parameter, experience shows that real spectral efficiency is influenced by multiple factors that greatly vary in space and time and are difficult to characterize. In this paper, an automatic method for deriving the real spectral efficiency curves of a Long Term Evolution (LTE) system on a per-cell basis is proposed. The method is based on a trace processing tool that makes the most of the detailed network performance measurements collected by base stations. The method is conceived as a centralized scheme that can be integrated in commercial network planning tools. Method assessment is carried out with a large dataset of connection traces taken from a live LTE system. Results show that spectral efficiency curves largely differ from cell to cell.

scholarly journals Optimization of LTE Network Coverage

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Fu Yanbo
Keyword(s):  
Mobile Communications ◽  
Network Performance ◽  
High Mobility ◽  
Network Coverage ◽  
Lte Network ◽  
Term Evolution ◽  
High Spectral Efficiency ◽  
Mobile Communication Technology ◽  
New Generation

The trend of mobile, broadband and IP is becoming more and more prominent. Mobile communication technology is now in acritical period in the evolution of network technology. As such, LTE (Long Term Evolution) comes to light. LTE serves as a unified standardfor the new generation of mobile communications, equipped with high spectral efficiency, high peak rate, high mobility, flat networkarchitecture and other advantages. Huawei has played a very important role in the commercialization of LTE. As a sponsor of NGMN,Huawei has been actively involved in the research of some key projects of NGMN, such as network self-optimization, system architectureand Network performance evaluation and so on. This paper mainly introduces the problems encountered in the optimization of LTEnetwork coverage, the practical problems encountered by the LTE project team in Qingdao and the analysis and solutions to the problems.At the same time, this paper discusses in detail on the LTE network optimization process.

scholarly journals Machine Learning Enabled Performance Prediction Model for Massive-MIMO HetNet System

Sensors ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 800
Author(s):  
Shuvabrata Bandopadhaya ◽  
Soumya Ranjan Samal ◽  
Vladimir Poulkov
Keyword(s):  
Machine Learning ◽  
Spectral Efficiency ◽  
Massive Mimo ◽  
Network Performance ◽  
Performance Metrics ◽  
Service Providers ◽  
Mimo Systems ◽  
Capital Expenditure ◽  
Base Stations ◽  
Achievable Rate

To support upcoming novel applications, fifth generation (5G) and beyond 5G (B5G) wireless networks are being propelled to deploy an ultra-dense network with an ultra-high spectral efficiency using the combination of heterogeneous network (HetNet) solutions and massive Multiple Input Multiple Output (MIMO). As the deployment of massive MIMO HetNet systems involves a high capital expenditure, network service providers need a precise performance analysis before investment. The performance of such networks is limited because of presence of inter-cell and inter-tier interferences. The conventional analytic approach to model the performance of such networks is not trivial, as the performance is a stochastic function of many network parameters. This paper proposes a machine learning (ML) approach to predict the network performance of a massive MIMO HetNet system considering a multi-cell scenario. This paper considers a two-tier network in which the base stations of each tier are equipped with massive MIMO systems working in a sub 6GHz band. The coverage probability (CP) and area spectral efficiency (ASE) are considered to be the network performance metrics that quantify the reliability and achievable rate in the network, respectively. Here, an ML model is inferred to predict the numerical values of the performance metrics for an arbitrary network configuration. In the process of practical deployments of future networks, the use of this model could be very valuable.

scholarly journals Analysis of handover decision making in downlink Long Term Evolution networks

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Israel Oludayo Elujide
Keyword(s):  
Spectral Efficiency ◽  
System Performance ◽  
Long Term Evolution ◽  
Physical Layer ◽  
System Level ◽  
Handover Decision ◽  
Local Averaging ◽  
Term Evolution ◽  
Filtering Technique

This dissertation reports on handover in downlink Long Term Evolution (LTE) networks. The LTE is seen as the technology that will bring about Fourth Generation (4G) mobile broadband experience. The necessity to maintain quality of service for delay sensitive data services and applications used by mobile users makes mobility and handover between base stations in the downlink LTE very critical. Unfortunately, several handover schemes in LTE are based on Reference Symbols Received Power (RSRP) which include measurement error due to limited symbols in downlink packets. However, prompt and precise handover decision cannot be based on inaccurate measurement. Therefore, the downlink LTE intra-system handover is studied with focus on user measurement report. The study centers on preparation stage of the LTE handover procedure. Two different types of physical layer filtering technique namely linear averaging and local averaging are focused upon among others investigated. The performance of LTE conventional physical layer filtering technique, linear filtering, is compared with an alternative technique called local averaging. The output of each physical layer filtering is then used for LTE standardized radio resource layer filtering (otherwise called L3 filtering). The analysis of results from handover decision is based on simulations performed in an LTE system-level simulator. The performance metrics for the results are evaluated in terms of overall system and mobility-related performance. The system performance is based on spectral efficiency and throughput while mobility-related performance is based on handover failure. The performance comparison of the results shows that local averaging technique provides improved system performance of about 51.2 % for spectral efficiency and 42.8% cell-edge throughput for high speed users. Local averaging also produces a reduction of about 26.95% in average number of handover failure when L 3 filtering is applied for low speed mobile terminal. This result confirms that both averaging techniques are suitable for LTE network. Moreover, in the case of high mobility local averaging tends to be better than linear averaging.

scholarly journals New framework for interference and energy analysis of soft frequency reuse in 5G networks

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 1941-1949
Author(s):  
Achonu Adejo ◽  
Osbert Asaka ◽  
Habeeb Bello- Salau ◽  
Caroline Alenoghena
Keyword(s):  
Cellular Networks ◽  
Spectral Efficiency ◽  
Network Performance ◽  
Base Station ◽  
Frequency Reuse ◽  
Base Stations ◽  
System Capacity ◽  
Management Technique ◽  
5G Networks ◽  
Soft Frequency Reuse

Cellular networks are expanding massively due to high data requirements from mobile devices. This has motivated base station densification as an essential requirement for the 5G network. The implication is obvious benefits in enhanced system capacity, but also increased challenges in terms of interference. One important interference management technique which has been widely adopted in cellular networks is frequency reuse. In this article, an analysis is presented based on network interference and energy expended by base stations in downlink communication when Soft frequency reuse (SFR) is deployed. A framework is presented that captures the bandwidth overlaps in SFR across base station assignments, computes the interference probabilities arising and derives new performance equations which are verified using simulations. Results show an improvement of over previous SFR implementations that do not consider the interference probabilities. Thus, a more in-depth and accurate modelling of SFR in 5G networks is achieved. Furthermore, the downlink power allocation is investigated as against other parameters like the center ratio and edge bandwidth. The result shows that signal-to-interference-noise ratio (SINR) and spectral efficiency give different performance under energy consideration. A framework is developed on how to tune a base station to achieve desired network performance in user SINR or cell spectral efficiency depending on the operator’s preference.

Evaluation of Long Term Evolution Cellular Network Performance when Transmitting Multi-view Video Content

2014 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 16-32
Author(s):  
Carl James Debono ◽  
Gloria-Anne Ellul
Keyword(s):  
Video Coding ◽  
Video Transmission ◽  
Network Performance ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Long Term Evolution ◽  
3D Video ◽  
High Efficiency Video Coding ◽  
Term Evolution

The Long Term Evolution (LTE) cellular technology provides higher data rates than its predecessor technologies. This advancement paves the way for more data services, including improved multimedia services. Three-dimensional (3D) video transmission is one such service that can benefit from LTE deployment. For a positive uptake of 3D video transmission, the network must provide a good Quality of Service (QoS). In this paper the authors evaluate the LTE network's performance when transmitting Multi-view Video Coding (MVC) using simulcast and inter-view prediction coding. Furthermore, the authors evaluate the system using both the H.264/AVC (Advanced Video Coding) and the more recent High Efficiency Video Coding (HEVC) and their MVC extensions. Results show that, in an urban environment, LTE can accommodate a maximum of 93 users per cell, with adequate QoS, when transmitting 3D HEVC video at Common Intermediate Format (CIF) resolution. Moreover, cross-layer techniques can be used to reduce the QoS degradation as the user moves away from the eNodeB by transmitting lower resolution video.

scholarly journals Co-Channel Interference Suppression for LTE Passive Radar Based on Spatial Feature Cognition

Sensors ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 117
Author(s):  
Haitao Wang ◽  
Xiaoyong Lyu ◽  
Kefei Liao
Keyword(s):  
Interference Suppression ◽  
Reference Signal ◽  
Spatial Spectrum ◽  
Base Station ◽  
Base Stations ◽  
Passive Radar ◽  
Term Evolution ◽  
Reference Signals ◽  
Simulation Results

Passive radars based on long-term evolution (LTE) signals suffer from sever interferences. The interferences are not only from the base station used as the illuminator of opportunity (BS-IoO), but also from the other co-channel base stations (CCBS) working at the same frequency with the BS-IoO. Because the reference signals of the co-channel interferences are difficult to obtain, cancellation performance degrades seriously when traditional interference suppression methods are applied in LTE-based passive radar. This paper proposes a cascaded cancellation method based on the spatial spectrum cognition of interference. It consists of several cancellation loops. In each loop, the spatial spectrum of strong interferences is first recognized by using the cyclostationary characteristic of LTE signal and the compressed sensing technique. A clean reference signal of each interference is then reconstructed according to the spatial spectrum previously obtained. With the reference signal, the interferences are cancelled. At the end of each loop, the energy of the interference residual is estimated. If the interference residual is still strong, then the cancellation loop continues; otherwise it terminates. The proposed method can get good cancellation performance with a small-sized antenna array. Theoretical and simulation results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method.

Alleviating Interference through Cognitive Radio for LTE-Advanced Network

2015 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 539
Author(s):  
Tsung-Hui Chuang ◽  
Guan-Hong Chen ◽  
Meng-Hsun Tsai ◽  
Chun-Lung Lin
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Radio ◽  
Base Stations ◽  
Fractional Frequency Reuse ◽  
Signal Quality ◽  
Term Evolution ◽  
Lte Advanced ◽  
Radio Technology ◽  
Downlink Throughput ◽  
Cognitive Radio Technology

In the LTE-Advanced network, some femtocells are deployed within a macroecell for improving throughput of indoor user equipments (UEs), which are referred to as femtocell UEs (FUEs). Cross-tier interference is an important issue in this deployment, which may significantly impact signal quality between Macrocell Base Stations (MBSs) and Macrocell User Equipments (MUEs), especially for MUEs near the femtocell. To relieve this problem, the Third Generation Partnership Project Long Term Evolution-Advanced (3GPP LTE-Advanced) de<br /> fined the cognitive radio enhanced femtocell to coordinate interference for LTE-Advanced Network. Cognitive radio femtocells have the ability to sense radio environment to obtain radio parameters. In this paper, we investigated the performance of existing schemes based on fractional frequency reuse. Therefore, we proposed a scheme with cognitive radio technology to improve the performance of fractional fre-quency reuse scheme. Simulation results showed that our scheme can effectively enhance average downlink throughput of FUEs as well as the total downlink throughput in LTE-Advanced Networks.

scholarly journals Design and Analysis of Bi-planar Antenna for Long Term Evolution Base Stations

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (02) ◽  
pp. 08-14
Author(s):  
Prof. Muhamad Angriawan
Keyword(s):  
Information Transmission ◽  
Microstrip Line ◽  
Long Term Evolution ◽  
Base Station ◽  
Base Stations ◽  
Planar Antenna ◽  
Term Evolution ◽  
Lower Band ◽  
Receiving Antenna

In this article, A bi-planar receiving antenna is planned for LTE convenient base stations. The proposed reception apparatus involves two parts one for the upper band and another for lower band. It can in like manner be shown without granulating folds. The lower band has the pair of printed dipoles with two or three parasitic parts for transmission limit improvement. The upper band contains a few crumbled dipoles. The microstrip line and dipole are cut on a comparative substrate. The upper band segments are wrapped in lower band segments encircling a diminished structure. The bi-planar receiving wire achieves an information transmission of around 2 GHz. The arranged receiving wire can be completed in versatile base stations. The radio wire increase achieved around ~12 dbi which is sensible for the adaptable correspondence base station structures.

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