scholarly journals Vitamin K Deficiency Presenting in an Infant with an Anterior Mediastinal Mass: A Case Report and Review of the Literature

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mauricio A. Palau ◽  
Amanda Winters ◽  
Xiayuan Liang ◽  
Rachelle Nuss ◽  
Susan Niermeyer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin K ◽  
Mediastinal Mass ◽  
Anterior Mediastinum ◽  
Medical Attention ◽  
Anterior Mediastinal Mass ◽  
Vitamin K Deficiency ◽  
K Deficiency ◽  
Chest X Ray ◽  
Work Up

We report a case of a 1-month-old infant with spontaneous thymic hemorrhage secondary to severe vitamin K deficiency. He was brought to medical attention due to scrotal bruising and during evaluation was noted to be tachypneic and hypoxemic. Chest X-ray revealed an enlarged cardiothymic silhouette, and a follow-up echocardiogram revealed a mass in the anterior mediastinum. Routine laboratory work-up revealed severe coagulopathy. Further questioning revealed the patient had not received prophylactic vitamin K at birth. The coagulopathy resolved with administration of vitamin K, and a biopsy confirmed the anterior mediastinal mass was due to spontaneous thymic hemorrhage.

scholarly journals A case report on incidental finding of thymoma as anterior mediastinal mass

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (6) ◽  
pp. 1441
Author(s):  
Nithin K. T. ◽  
Vikas Kumar ◽  
P. Prasanth
Keyword(s):  
Mediastinal Mass ◽  
Incidental Finding ◽  
Primary Treatment ◽  
Anterior Mediastinum ◽  
Anterior Mediastinal Mass ◽  
Unknown Etiology ◽  
Mediastinal Tumors ◽  
Mediastinal Widening ◽  
Chest X Ray ◽  
Heterogeneous Solid

Thymomas are rare tumors in the anterior mediastinum, representing 50% of anterior mediastinal masses and about 20-30% of all mediastinal tumors. They are of unknown etiology; about 50% of patients with thymomas are diagnosed incidentally with chest radiography. Thymoma is classified into different stages, which determine the prognosis and type of management, the standard primary treatment for these tumors is Thymectomy. We present a case of 55-year female presented with shortness of breath, cough with expectoration and fever for past ten days. Chest x-ray revealed mediastinal widening. CECT chest showed a well-circumscribed heterogeneous solid enhancing mass lesion. FNAC was planned that showed features in favour of thymoma. Biopsy was done that confirmed lymphocyte rich type B thymoma.

scholarly journals Good outcomes in operative management of acquired prothrombin complex deficiency: a serial case report

2011 ◽  
Vol 51 (5) ◽  
pp. 298
Author(s):  
Lola Purnama Dewi ◽  
Eka Nurfitri ◽  
Evodia Evodia ◽  
M. Tiya Romli
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Vitamin K ◽  
Operative Procedure ◽  
Operative Management ◽  
Intracranial Bleeding ◽  
Vitamin K Deficiency ◽  
Complex Deficiency ◽  
K Deficiency ◽  
Brain Ct Scan

Background Acquired prothrombin complex deficiency (APCD) is a serious bleeding disorder in infants caused by idiopathic vitamin K deficiency. This disorder has a high mortality rate and sequelae are often seen in those that survive. The principal treatments are giving vitamin K and evacuating hemorrhages.Objective To report the outcome of surgical and non-surgical management in several cases of APCD.Method Eighteen infants diagnosed with APCD had similar histories: all were less than 4 months of age as well as exclusively breastfed, and none received vitamin K injections after birth. The diagnosis of APCD was made based on prolonged prothrombin times and proven intracranial hemorrhage on brain CT-scan. All subjects were treated with vitamin K injections for 5 days and offered craniotomy procedures.Results Out of 18 subjects, 10 underwent craniotomies, 9 within 48 hours of diagnosis and 1 on the fifth day of hospitalization. Two patients with small subdural hematomas were treated conservatively. Four subjects refused hospitalization. Two refused the craniotomy and died. All patients treated (12 cases), with both surgical and conservative treatment, were survived. Survivors were followed for 6 months and 10 of whom returned to the hospital for follow-up (9 patients who had operative procedures and 1 who did not). One patient who with craniotomy on the fifth day hospitalization had hydrocephalus as a sequela.Conclusion Operative procedure was needed for treatment of APCD in some cases with moderate until severe intracranial bleeding, while vitamin K injection only stop the progress of intracranial bleeding not as currable treatment of massive intracranial bleeding. [Paediatr Indones. 2011;51:298-302].

Late-Onset Vitamin K Deficiency Presenting as Scrotal Bruising and Mediastinal Mass

2018 ◽  
Vol Publish Ahead of Print ◽  
Author(s):  
Lauren A. Bruns ◽  
Sarah Isbey ◽  
Melisa Tanverdi ◽  
Ian Kane
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin K ◽  
Mediastinal Mass ◽  
Late Onset ◽  
Vitamin K Deficiency ◽  
K Deficiency

Placental Transfer of Vitamin K1 and Its Implications in Fetal Hemostasis

1988 ◽  
Vol 60 (01) ◽  
pp. 039-043 ◽  
Author(s):  
L Mandelbrot ◽  
M Guillaumont ◽  
M Leclercq ◽  
J J Lefrère ◽  
D Gozin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin K ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Ultrasound Guidance ◽  
Placental Transfer ◽  
Vitamin K1 ◽  
Vitamin K Deficiency ◽  
Prothrombin Activity ◽  
Oral Supplementation ◽  
K Deficiency ◽  
The Mean

SummaryVitamin K status was evaluated using coagulation studies and/ or vitamin IQ assays in a total of 53 normal fetuses and 47 neonates. Second trimester fetal blood samples were obtained for prenatal diagnosis under ultrasound guidance. Endogenous vitamin K1 concentrations (determined by high performance liquid chromatography) were substantially lower than maternal levels. The mean maternal-fetal gradient was 14-fold at mid trimester and 18-fold at birth. Despite low vitamin K levels, descarboxy prothrombin, detected by a staphylocoagulase assay, was elevated in only a single fetus and a single neonate.After maternal oral supplementation with vitamin K1, cord vitamin K1 levels were boosted 30-fold at mid trimester and 60 fold at term, demonstrating placental transfer. However, these levels were substantially lower than corresponding supplemented maternal levels. Despite elevated vitamin K1 concentrations, supplemented fetuses and neonates showed no increase in total or coagulant prothrombin activity. These results suggest that the low prothrombin levels found during intrauterine life are not due to vitamin K deficiency.

Kinetic Aspects of the Interaction of Blood-Clotting Enzymes

1968 ◽  
Vol 20 (01/02) ◽  
pp. 078-087 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. C Hemker ◽  
A. D Muller
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin K ◽  
Blood Clotting ◽  
Experimental Results ◽  
Factor X ◽  
Clotting Factors ◽  
Vitamin K Deficiency ◽  
K Deficiency

SummaryPIVKA, the circulating anticoagulant protein found in vitamin K deficiency can, on kinetical grounds, be recognized as an analogue of factor X. The existence of analogues of other vitamin K-dependent clotting factors cannot be ruled out, but need not be assumed to explain the experimental results.

Anterior Mediastinal Paraganglioma Mimicking Thymoma

2012 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 170
Author(s):  
Hee Moon Lee ◽  
Dong Seop Jeong ◽  
Pyo Won Park ◽  
Wook Sung Kim ◽  
Kiick Sung ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mediastinal Mass ◽  
Aortic Wall ◽  
Anterior Wall ◽  
Ascending Aorta ◽  
Anterior Mediastinal Mass ◽  
Arterial Reconstruction ◽  
Ct Evaluation ◽  
One Year ◽  
Mediastinal Paraganglioma

A 54-year-old man was referred to our institution with hemoptysis and hoarseness of 1 year's duration. A computed tomography (CT) scan showed an anterior mediastinal mass (2.5 cm x 1.0 cm), which was diagnosed as thymoma. The tumor was resected under a sternotomy. The tumor had invaded the anterior wall of the ascending aorta. With the patient under cardiopulmonary bypass, the aortic wall invaded by the mass was resected, and arterial reconstruction was performed with patch material. The tumor was revealed to be a tumor of neuronal origin. The patient's postoperative course was uneventful. The patient was discharged on postoperative day 9. One year after the operation, a follow-up chest CT evaluation showed no specific complications or recurrence.

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