scholarly journals Icariin Attenuates Synaptic and Cognitive Deficits in an Aβ1–42-Induced Rat Model of Alzheimer’s Disease

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chenxia Sheng ◽  
Panpan Xu ◽  
Kexin Zhou ◽  
Dan Deng ◽  
Chunhu Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Synaptic Plasticity ◽  
Learning And Memory ◽  
Rat Model ◽  
Intragastric Administration ◽  
Neuroprotective Effects ◽  
Treatment And Prevention ◽  
Model Of Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Epimedium Sagittatum

Icariin (ICA), a prenylated flavanol glycoside present in abundant quantities in Epimedium sagittatum, has shown promise in the treatment and prevention of Alzheimer’s disease. Damage to synaptic plasticity induced by amyloid-beta-mediated neurotoxicity is considered a main pathological mechanism driving the learning and memory deficits present in patients with Alzheimer’s disease. This study investigated the neuroprotective effects of icariin in an Aβ1–42-induced rat model of Alzheimer’s disease. Our results showed that Aβ1–42 injection induced loss of learning and memory behaviour in the Morris water maze, which could be reversed with intragastric administration of ICA. Furthermore, ICA reversed decreases in PSD-95, BDNF, pTrkB, pAkt, and pCREB expressions and prevented deterioration of synaptic interface structure. These findings indicate that ICA may improve synaptic plasticity through the BDNF/TrkB/Akt pathway and provide further evidence for its clinical application to improve learning and memory in patients with Alzheimer’s disease.

scholarly journals Ultramicronized palmitoylethanolamide rescues learning and memory impairments in a triple transgenic mouse model of Alzheimer’s disease by exerting anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective effects

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Caterina Scuderi ◽  
Maria Rosanna Bronzuoli ◽  
Roberta Facchinetti ◽  
Lorenzo Pace ◽  
Luca Ferraro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Learning And Memory ◽  
Treatment Strategy ◽  
Symptomatic Relief ◽  
Tau Proteins ◽  
Resonance Spectroscopy ◽  
Neuroprotective Effects ◽  
Model Of Alzheimer’S Disease

AbstractIn an aging society, Alzheimer’s disease (AD) exerts an increasingly serious health and economic burden. Current treatments provide inadequate symptomatic relief as several distinct pathological processes are thought to underlie the decline of cognitive and neural function seen in AD. This suggests that the efficacy of treatment requires a multitargeted approach. In this context, palmitoylethanolamide (PEA) provides a novel potential adjunct therapy that can be incorporated into a multitargeted treatment strategy. We used young (6-month-old) and adult (12-month-old) 3×Tg-AD mice that received ultramicronized PEA (um-PEA) for 3 months via a subcutaneous delivery system. Mice were tested with a range of cognitive and noncognitive tasks, scanned with magnetic resonance imaging/magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRI/MRS), and neurochemical release was assessed by microdialysis. Potential neuropathological mechanisms were assessed postmortem by western blot, reverse transcription–polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), and immunofluorescence. Our data demonstrate that um-PEA improves learning and memory, and ameliorates both the depressive and anhedonia-like phenotype of 3×Tg-AD mice. Moreover, it reduces Aβ formation, the phosphorylation of tau proteins, and promotes neuronal survival in the CA1 subregion of the hippocampus. Finally, um-PEA normalizes astrocytic function, rebalances glutamatergic transmission, and restrains neuroinflammation. The efficacy of um-PEA is particularly potent in younger mice, suggesting its potential as an early treatment. These data demonstrate that um-PEA is a novel and effective promising treatment for AD with the potential to be integrated into a multitargeted treatment strategy in combination with other drugs. Um-PEA is already registered for human use. This, in combination with our data, suggests the potential to rapidly proceed to clinical use.

Ellagic acid ameliorates learning and memory deficits in a rat model of Alzheimer’s disease: an exploration of underlying mechanisms

2017 ◽  
Vol 234 (12) ◽  
pp. 1841-1852 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zahra Kiasalari ◽  
Rana Heydarifard ◽  
Mohsen Khalili ◽  
Siamak Afshin-Majd ◽  
Tourandokht Baluchnejadmojarad ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Learning And Memory ◽  
Rat Model ◽  
Ellagic Acid ◽  
Memory Deficits ◽  
Model Of Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Learning And Memory Deficits ◽  
Underlying Mechanisms
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