scholarly journals Perceived Psychological, Economic, and Social Impact of Khat Chewing among Adolescents and Adults in Nekemte Town, East Welega Zone, West Ethiopia

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amsalu Taye Wondemagegn ◽  
Melese Chego Cheme ◽  
Kelemu Tilahun Kibret
Keyword(s):  
Data Collection ◽  
Social Impact ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Psychological Problems ◽  
Depression And Anxiety ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Khat Chewing ◽  
Current Prevalence ◽  
Adolescents And Adults ◽  
Negative Effect

The main aim of this study was to assess psychological, economic, and social impact of khat chewing among adolescents, in Nekemte town, East Welega Zone. A community based cross-sectional study was conducted from March to June 2016 using both quantitative and qualitative methods of data collection. A total of 359 samples were included in the study. A pretested, interviewer based structured questionnaire was employed during data collection. The study found the current prevalence of khat chewing practices was 48.6%. Perceived psychological problems especially depression and anxiety were associated with khat chewing practices. The risk of depression was about 25 times higher among khat chewers compared to nonchewers. Similarly the risk of anxiety among khat chewers was about 5 times higher compared to nonchewers. Generally current khat chewing practices in the study area are relatively high. The occurrence of reported, perceived psychological problems mainly depression and anxiety was significantly higher among khat chewers compared to nonchewers. Thus efforts like creating awareness about negative effect, making different recreation methods available, and formulating common conventions regarding khat use mainly by young generations are necessary to decrease the magnitude of chewing practices and thereby its associated consequences.

scholarly journals Depression and anxiety in adolescents and adults with cystic fibrosis in the UK: A cross-sectional study

2014 ◽  
Vol 13 (6) ◽  
pp. 745-753 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alistair J.A. Duff ◽  
Janice Abbott ◽  
Carolyn Cowperthwaite ◽  
Clare Sumner ◽  
Margaret A. Hurley ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cystic Fibrosis ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Depression And Anxiety ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Adolescents And Adults ◽  
The Uk

scholarly journals Comparing Anxiety, Depression, and Stress in Consanguineous Versus Non-Consanguineous Parents of Children With Deafness in Baqiyatallah Hospital’s Cochlear Implant Center From 2007 to 2009

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 85-89
Author(s):  
Sima Noohi ◽  
Mohammad Ghalamfarsa ◽  
Esmat Davoudi Monfared
Keyword(s):  
Hearing Loss ◽  
Cochlear Implant ◽  
Short Form ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Psychological Problems ◽  
Stressful Event ◽  
Depression And Anxiety ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Family ◽  
Anxiety Depression

Background: The birth of a child with a hearing disability is a stressful event in the family. Since consanguineous marriages are associated with the incidence of congenital hearing loss, it is expected that such parents will experience greater psychological problems. Objective: The current study investigated and compared anxiety, depression, and stress in parents of children with severe hearing loss who have undergone cochlear implantation with a focus on the relation between parents (consanguineous vs. non-consanguineous). Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted on all 180 couples (360 individuals) who had become parents and attended Baqiyatallah hospital’s Cochlear Implant Center from 2007 to 2009. The participants included two groups of consanguineous (125 couples) and non-consanguineous (55 couples) parents. After providing consent to participate in this study, the participants completed the short form of the Depression and Anxiety and Stress Scale questionnaire (DASS-21). Data analysis was done using SPSS 17 and t test. Results: The participating parents had high levels of depression, anxiety, and stress. Depression and anxiety were significantly higher among the consanguineous parents (P=0.001 and P=0.005, respectively). However, stress levels were not significantly different between the 2 groups. Moreover, compared to the fathers, the mothers had higher levels of depression, anxiety, and stress (P<0.05). Conclusion: Based on these findings, it may be concluded that the birth of a child with hearing loss can be the source of psychological problems in parents, particularly in consanguineous parents. Furthermore, mothers are more psychologically vulnerable than fathers.

Mental Health Issues in Female Population during Covid-19 Pandemic

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (10) ◽  
pp. 3370-3374
Author(s):  
Syeda Fariha Hussain ◽  
Shazia Aftab ◽  
Huma Baloch ◽  
Naila Qamar ◽  
Maryam Masood ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Health Care Policy ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Depression And Anxiety ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Female Population ◽  
Negative Effect

Background: Female population can be affected by various psychological factors that can have adverse effects on the woman’s mental health. Pandemics are one such times which can have negative effect on the mental health. Therefore, this study was conducted to determine the status of depression and anxiety and factors associated with it in the female population (pregnant and non-pregnant women) during the outbreak of COVID-19. Methods: This descriptive-analytical cross-sectional study was performed on 345 women coming to a tertiary care hospital in Karachi, Pakistan. The data was collected using the socio-demographic characteristics questionnaire and the GAD-7 and PHQ-9 questionnaires. Regression analysis was done to determine the association between various factors with depression and anxiety. Results: Mean age of the participants was 27.9 years Depression and anxiety symptoms were observed in 32.7, 32.7, and 43.9% of the participants, respectively The mean score of depression was found to be 3.72 (3.80) whereas of anxiety was 3.5 (4.006). The overall prevalence of depression was 30.5% and that of anxiety was 18.55%, with varying degrees from mild to severe. Conclusions: Females in general and pregnant women specifically need special attention of the health care policy makers and this group should be given importance especially in times of such pandemics and all necessary measures should be taken to provide mental and psychological support. Keywords: COVID-19, Pregnancy, Prevalence, Depression, Anxiety, Stress

scholarly journals Khat Chewing Practice and Associated Factors among Medical Students in Gondar Town, Ethiopia, 2019

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 ◽  
pp. 117822182199907
Author(s):  
Tsegaye Adane ◽  
Walelegn Worku ◽  
Jember Azanaw ◽  
Lamrot Yohannes
Keyword(s):  
Medical Students ◽  
Associated Factors ◽  
Significant Proportion ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Multivariable Logistic Regression Model ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Khat Chewing ◽  
Current Prevalence ◽  
Gondar Town ◽  
The Impact

Background: Globally, khat chewing practice becoming an alarming and common among the youth generation, especially in higher educational institutions. It may also lead to frequent misbehavior, poor academic performance, and memory impairment among students. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of khat chewing practice and associated factors among medical students in Gondar town, Ethiopia, 2019. Method: A cross-sectional study was employed on 422 medical students. Data were collected using a self-administered questionnaire and analyzed using SPSS 20 software. Stratified followed by random sampling was employed to select the samples. A multivariable logistic regression model was fitted to identify the predictors. P ⩽ .05 was used to select statistically significant factors. Result: The current prevalence of khat chewing practice among medical students was 21.5%. The odds of khat chewing practice was higher among males (AOR = 3.353; 95%CI [1.460-7.701]), Muslims (AOR = 6.390; 95%CI [1.903-21.460]), fifth and 6 year students (AOR = 3.391; 95%CI [1.354-8.488]), smokers (AOR = 5.081; 95%CI [1.898-13.601]), alcohol users (AOR = 4.872; 95%CI [2.094-11.332]), students who had khat chewer close friends (AOR = 30.645; 95%CI [12.261-76.589]). Conclusion: Since a significant proportion of students were found to be khat chewers, continuous awareness creation on the impact of khat chewing and counseling services are recommended.

Psychosocial Impact of Covid-19 Pandemic on Frontline Healthcare Workers in Pakistan: A Cross-Sectional Study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Quratul-Ain Zafar
Keyword(s):  
Data Collection ◽  
Emotional Distress ◽  
Healthcare Workers ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Psychosocial Impact ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Study Group ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Frontline Healthcare Workers

Objective: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on frontline healthcare workers in Pakistan in terms of psychological factors emotional distress, insomnia, and burnout. Study Design: Observational cross-sectional study. Place and Duration of Study: This study was conducted at different hospitals across Pakistan and data collection was carried out from 15th June 2020 till 15th August 2020. Material and Methods: This was a questionnaire-based study aiming to compare the levels of burnout and emotional distress between frontline COVID-19 and non-COVID-19 healthcare workers. Any physician, nurse, and other healthcare workers were recruited from emergency care units and Covid-19 care units (target group), and non-COVID-19 care units (control group). Participation was voluntary and participants had to complete self-reported questionnaires and scales. A mixed-mode data collection was carried out, either in paper or web-based form to ensure maximum participation. Results: The independent t-test showed a statistically significant difference between the two groups regarding depression, stress, and insomnia. The study group showed higher scores for these factors than the control group. Chi-square test of association revealed significant scores of burnout and professional fulfillment in both groups. There was a higher prevalence of burnout in the study group than in the control group. Conclusion: This study concludes that there was a significant psychosocial impact of the Covid-19 pandemic in the frontline healthcare workers measured in terms of emotional distress, insomnia, and burnout.

A pilot study of attachment relationships, psychological problems and negative automatic thoughts among college students in Pakistan

2020 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Siddrah Irfan ◽  
Nor Sheereen Zulkefly
Keyword(s):  
Pilot Study ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Psychological Problems ◽  
Peer Attachment ◽  
Automatic Thoughts ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Attachment Relationships ◽  
Automatic Thought ◽  
Symptoms Of Depression ◽  
Negative Automatic Thoughts

AbstractObjectivesThe present pilot study examined the associations between attachment relationships, psychological problems, and negative automatic thoughts among late adolescents in Rawalpindi, Pakistan.SubjectsA total of 98 participants (male = 49, female = 49) were recruited from government colleges in Rawalpindi, Pakistan.MethodsThe measures used to assess the research variables of this cross sectional study were the Inventory of Parent-Peer Attachment (IPPA-Urdu), Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale (DASS-Urdu), and the Automatic Thought Questionnaire (ATQ-Urdu).ResultsAll of these measures had good reliabilities. Findings of the correlation analyses demonstrated that maternal, paternal and peer attachment relationships were negatively related to symptoms of depression and anxiety as well as to negative automatic thoughts. On the other hand, depressive and anxiety symptoms were positively associated with negative automatic thoughts. Additionally, findings suggested that future studies must investigate adolescents from two-parent households and exclude those with only one living parent.ConclusionThe results underscored the need for further investigations of the linkages between attachment relationships, negative automatic thoughts and psychological problems on larger samples.

scholarly journals Ayahuasca use and reported effects on depression and anxiety symptoms: An international cross-sectional study of 11,912 consumers

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
pp. 100098
Author(s):  
Jerome Sarris ◽  
Daniel Perkins ◽  
Lachlan Cribb ◽  
Violeta Schubert ◽  
Emerita Opaleye ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Anxiety Symptoms ◽  
Depression And Anxiety ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional

scholarly journals Urinary and anal incontinence among female gymnasts and cheerleaders—bother and associated factors. A cross-sectional study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kristina Lindquist Skaug ◽  
Marie Ellström Engh ◽  
Helena Frawley ◽  
Kari Bø
Keyword(s):  
Pelvic Floor ◽  
Anal Incontinence ◽  
Female Athletes ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sport Performance ◽  
Sports Performance ◽  
International Consensus ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Female Gymnasts

Abstract Introduction and hypothesis Artistic gymnastics, team gymnastics and cheerleading are sports including high-impact activities. It is presumed that the athletes’ pelvic floor must be functioning well to prevent urinary (UI) and anal incontinence (AI) during sports. The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence and risk factors for UI and AI in female artistic gymnasts, team gymnasts and cheerleaders; the influence of UI and AI on daily living and sport performance; and the athletes’ knowledge about the pelvic floor muscles (PFM). Methods All female athletes ≥ 12 years of age competing in ≥ 1 National Championship in artistic gymnastics, team gymnastics or cheerleading in 2018/2019 were invited. International Consensus on Incontinence Questionnaires were used to assess the prevalence/bother of UI and AI. Results Among the 319 gymnasts and cheerleaders who participated, the prevalence of UI and AI was 67% and 84%, respectively. Age, training ≥ 4 days/week and straining to void were significantly associated with stress urinary incontinence (SUI) and years of training with AI. Eighty-three percent of athletes with SUI reported a negative effect on sports performance, 22% would occasionally avoid training or specific exercises because of leakage, and 28% used pads for protection. Forty-one percent of the athletes had never heard about the PFM, and 74% reported an interest in PFM training to prevent/treat UI or AI. Conclusions UI and AI were prevalent in female gymnasts and cheerleaders, and SUI negatively influenced sport performance. The athletes’ knowledge about the PFM was limited.

scholarly journals Breakfast skipping alone and in interaction with inflammatory based quality of diet increases the risk of higher scores of psychological problems profile in a large sample of Iranian adults

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fahimeh Haghighatdoost ◽  
Awat Feizi ◽  
Ahmad Esmaillzadeh ◽  
Ammar Hassanzadeh Keshteli ◽  
Hamid Afshar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multinomial Logistic Regression ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Psychological Problems ◽  
Dietary Intakes ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Inflammatory Index ◽  
Breakfast Skipping ◽  
Breakfast Eating ◽  
Profile Score ◽  
The Impact

Abstract The authors investigate the association of breakfast skipping and its interaction with a dietary inflammatory index (DII) with the severity of psychological disorders. A total of 2876 Iranian general adults were enrolled in this cross-sectional study. Psychological problems profile score was calculated using the regression method in the framework of factor analysis based on depression, anxiety and psychological distress. The higher scores indicate more severity of mental problem. The frequency of breakfast eating in a week was assessed. Dietary intakes were assessed using a food-frequency questionnaire and twenty-seven items were included in the calculation of DII. In the crude model, individuals who ate breakfast seldom had the highest odds for having worse psychological problems profile (OR 3⋅59; 95 % CI 2⋅52, 5⋅11). Adjustment for various confounders did not change the associations (OR 3⋅35; 95 % CI 2⋅11, 5⋅32). In the adjusted multinomial logistic regression model, participants with high DII (>median) who skipped breakfast had highest risk of being in the higher tertiles of psychological problems profile compared with those who had low DII (<median) and ate breakfast (OR 6⋅67; 95 % CI 3⋅45, 12⋅90). Similar results were observed in women and men regarding the impact of breakfast skipping alone and interaction with DII on scores of psychological problems profile. Breakfast skipping is associated with higher risk of psychological problems. Similar findings were obtained in the stratified analysis by sex. Our findings confirmed that the DII and breakfast skipping are associated with mental health, interactionally. Further longitudinal studies are needed to confirm the true link between breakfast skipping and psychological problems.

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