scholarly journals Effect of Annealing Process on CH3NH3PbI3-XClX Film Morphology of Planar Heterojunction Perovskite Solar Cells with Optimal Compact TiO2 Layer

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dan Chen ◽  
Xiaoping Zou ◽  
Hong Yang ◽  
Ningning Zhang ◽  
Wenbin Jin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Solar Cells ◽  
Annealing Temperature ◽  
Photovoltaic Performance ◽  
Perovskite Solar Cells ◽  
Annealing Process ◽  
Film Morphology ◽  
Perovskite Layer ◽  
Optimal Procedures ◽  
Planar Heterojunction ◽  
Annealing Method

The morphology of compact TiO2 film used as an electron-selective layer and perovskite film used as a light absorption layer in planar perovskite solar cells has a significant influence on the photovoltaic performance of the devices. In this paper, the spin coating speed of the compact TiO2 is investigated in order to get a high-quality film and the compact TiO2 film exhibits pinhole- and crack-free films treated by 2000 rpm for 60 s. Furthermore, the effect of annealing process, including annealing temperature and annealing program, on CH3NH3PbI3-XClX film morphology is studied. At the optimal annealing temperature of 100°C, the CH3NH3PbI3-XClX morphology fabricated by multistep slow annealing method has smaller grain boundaries and holes than that prepared by one-step direct annealing method, which results in the reduction of grain boundary recombination and the increase of Voc. With all optimal procedures, a planar fluorine-doped tin oxide (FTO) substrate/compact TiO2/CH3NH3PbI3-XClX/Spiro-MeOTAD/Au cell is prepared for an active area of 0.1 cm2. It has achieved a power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 14.64%, which is 80.3% higher than the reference cell (8.12% PCE) without optimal perovskite layer. We anticipate that the annealing process with optimal compact TiO2 layer would possibly become a promising method for future industrialization of planar perovskite solar cells.

Enhancing the photovoltaic performance of planar heterojunction perovskite solar cells by doping the perovskite layer with alkali metal ions

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (42) ◽  
pp. 16546-16552 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jingjing Chang ◽  
Zhenhua Lin ◽  
Hai Zhu ◽  
Furkan Halis Isikgor ◽  
Qing-Hua Xu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Solar Cells ◽  
Alkali Metal ◽  
Metal Ions ◽  
Photovoltaic Performance ◽  
Perovskite Solar Cells ◽  
Alkali Metal Ions ◽  
Perovskite Layer ◽  
Photovoltaic Efficiency ◽  
Planar Heterojunction

Doping the perovskite layer with a small amount of alkali metal ions can enhance the photovoltaic efficiency of perovskite solar cells.

scholarly journals CuI/Spiro-OMeTAD Double-Layer Hole Transport Layer to Improve Photovoltaic Performance of Perovskite Solar Cells

Coatings ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 978
Author(s):  
Chaoqun Lu ◽  
Weijia Zhang ◽  
Zhaoyi Jiang ◽  
Yulong Zhang ◽  
Cong Ni
Keyword(s):  
Solar Cells ◽  
Double Layer ◽  
Photovoltaic Performance ◽  
Perovskite Solar Cells ◽  
Hole Transport ◽  
Transport Layer ◽  
Hole Transport Layer ◽  
Photoelectric Conversion Efficiency ◽  
Photoelectric Conversion ◽  
Perovskite Layer

The hole transport layer (HTL) is one of the main factors affecting the efficiency and stability of perovskite solar cells (PSCs). However, obtaining HTLs with the desired properties through current preparation techniques remains a challenge. In the present study, we propose a new method which can be used to achieve a double-layer HTL, by inserting a CuI layer between the perovskite layer and Spiro-OMeTAD layer via a solution spin coating process. The CuI layer deposited on the surface of the perovskite film directly covers the rough perovskite surface, covering the surface defects of the perovskite, while a layer of CuI film avoids the defects caused by Spiro-OMetad pinholes. The double-layer HTLs improve roughness and reduce charge recombination of the Spiro-OMeTAD layer, thereby resulting in superior hole extraction capabilities and faster hole mobility. The CuI/Spiro-OMeTAD double-layer HTLs-based devices were prepared in N2 gloveboxes and obtained an optimized PCE (photoelectric conversion efficiency) of 17.44%. Furthermore, their stability was improved due to the barrier effect of the inorganic CuI layer on the entry of air and moisture into the perovskite layer. The results demonstrate that another deposited CuI film is a promising method for realizing high-performance and air-stable PSCs.

scholarly journals High-Performance and Hysteresis-Free Perovskite Solar Cells Based on Rare-Earth-Doped SnO2 Mesoporous Scaffold

Research ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qiyao Guo ◽  
Jihuai Wu ◽  
Yuqian Yang ◽  
Xuping Liu ◽  
Zhang Lan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Solar Cells ◽  
Rare Earth ◽  
Electron Transport ◽  
Charge Transport ◽  
Photovoltaic Performance ◽  
Perovskite Solar Cells ◽  
Transport Layer ◽  
Electron Transport Layer ◽  
Rare Earth Doping ◽  
Perovskite Layer

Tin oxide (SnO2), as electron transport material to substitute titanium oxide (TiO2) in perovskite solar cells (PSCs), has aroused wide interests. However, the performance of the PSCs based on SnO2 is still hard to compete with the TiO2-based devices. Herein, a novel strategy is designed to enhance the photovoltaic performance and long-term stability of PSCs by integrating rare-earth ions Ln3+ (Sc3+, Y3+, La3+) with SnO2 nanospheres as mesoporous scaffold. The doping of Ln promotes the formation of dense and large-sized perovskite crystals, which facilitate interfacial contact of electron transport layer/perovskite layer and improve charge transport dynamics. Ln dopant optimizes the energy level of perovskite layer, reduces the charge transport resistance, and mitigates the trap state density. As a result, the optimized mesoporous PSC achieves a champion power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 20.63% without hysteresis, while the undoped PSC obtains an efficiency of 19.01%. The investigation demonstrates that the rare-earth doping is low-cost and effective method to improve the photovoltaic performance of SnO2-based PSCs.

scholarly journals Improving the Morphology of the Perovskite Absorber Layer in Hybrid Organic/Inorganic Halide Perovskite MAPbI3 Solar Cells

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. J. Ogundana ◽  
S. Y. Foo
Keyword(s):  
Thin Film ◽  
Solar Cells ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Short Circuit ◽  
Photovoltaic Performance ◽  
Perovskite Solar Cells ◽  
Short Circuit Current ◽  
Open Circuit ◽  
Perovskite Layer ◽  
Large Variability

Recently, perovskite solar cells have attracted tremendous attention due to their excellent power conversion efficiency, low cost, simple fabrications, and high photovoltaic performance. Furthermore, the perovskite solar cells are lightweight and possess thin film and semitransparency. However, the nonuniformity in perovskite layer constitutes a major setback to the operation mechanism, performance, reproducibility, and degradation of perovskite solar cells. Therefore, one of the main challenges in planar perovskite devices is the fabrication of high quality films with controlled morphology and least amount of pin-holes for high performance thin film perovskite devices. The poor reproducibility in perovskite solar cells hinders the accurate fabrication of practical devices for use in real world applications, and this is primarily as a result of the inability to control the morphology of perovskites, leading to large variability in the characteristics of perovskite solar cells. Hence, the focus of research in perovskites has been mostly geared towards improving the morphology and crystallization of perovskite absorber by selecting the optimal annealing condition considering the effect of humidity. Here we report a controlled ambient condition that is necessary to grow uniform perovskite crystals. A best PCE of 7.5% was achieved along with a short-circuit current density of 15.2 mA/cm2, an open-circuit voltage of 0.81 V, and a fill factor of 0.612 from the perovskite solar cell prepared under 60% relative humidity.

Elucidating the charge carrier transport and extraction in planar heterojunction perovskite solar cells by Kelvin probe force microscopy

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (44) ◽  
pp. 17464-17472 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jingjing Chang ◽  
Juanxiu Xiao ◽  
Zhenhua Lin ◽  
Hai Zhu ◽  
Qing-Hua Xu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Solar Cells ◽  
Charge Carrier ◽  
Carrier Transport ◽  
Perovskite Solar Cells ◽  
Kelvin Probe Force Microscopy ◽  
Charge Carrier Transport ◽  
Kelvin Probe ◽  
Perovskite Layer ◽  
Force Microscopy ◽  
Planar Heterojunction

KPFM study of various structures with a perovskite layer indicates unbalanced charge-carrier transport and extraction.

The introduction of a perovskite seed layer for high performance perovskite solar cells

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (41) ◽  
pp. 20138-20144 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jaeki Jeong ◽  
Hak-Beom Kim ◽  
Yung Jin Yoon ◽  
Na Gyeong An ◽  
Seyeong Song ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Solar Cells ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Open Circuit Voltage ◽  
Perovskite Solar Cells ◽  
Open Circuit ◽  
Device Performance ◽  
Pure Crystal ◽  
Perovskite Layer ◽  
Perovskite Crystal ◽  
Planar Heterojunction

A compact seed perovskite layer (CSPL) with a p–i–n planar heterojunction structure for perovskite solar cells achieved a 19.24% power conversion efficiency with a record open circuit voltage of 1.16 V and 20.37% PCE was achieved with a CSPL assisted n–i–p structure in a pure crystal perovskite film. The CSPL assists vertical growth of the perovskite crystal to enhance device performance.

scholarly journals Improving the photovoltaic performance of planar heterojunction perovskite solar cells by mixed solvent vapor treatment

RSC Advances ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (21) ◽  
pp. 11574-11579 ◽  
Author(s):  
Binbin Yuan ◽  
Suling Zhao ◽  
Zheng Xu ◽  
Dandan Song ◽  
Bo Qiao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Solar Cells ◽  
Mixed Solvent ◽  
Photovoltaic Performance ◽  
Perovskite Solar Cells ◽  
Solvent Vapor ◽  
Planar Heterojunction ◽  
Vapor Treatment

The mixed solvent vapor treatment by the acetic acid with chlorobenzene (HAc/CB) improves the morphology and crystallization of CH3NH3PbI3 films.

High performance planar-heterojunction perovskite solar cells using amino-based fulleropyrrolidine as the electron transporting material

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (26) ◽  
pp. 10130-10134 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yong Li ◽  
Kunyuan Lu ◽  
Xufeng Ling ◽  
Jianyu Yuan ◽  
Guozhen Shi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Solar Cells ◽  
Work Function ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Perovskite Solar Cells ◽  
Dual Function ◽  
Perovskite Layer ◽  
Planar Heterojunction

Schematic illustration of the dual function of C60–N on the perovskite layer: first, to reduce the work function of the Al electrode and second, to passivate the perovskite surface.

Effect of Annealing Temperature on Film Morphology of Planar Heterojunction Mixed Halide Perovskite CH3NH3PbI3−xClx Solar Cells Based on Compact ZnO

2015 ◽  
Vol 44 (7) ◽  
pp. 1022-1024 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shude Zhang ◽  
Xiaomin Li ◽  
Xiangdong Gao ◽  
Lei Lei ◽  
Xukun Ding ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Solar Cells ◽  
Annealing Temperature ◽  
Film Morphology ◽  
Halide Perovskite ◽  
Planar Heterojunction

Low-Temperature Thermally Evaporated SnO2 Based Electron Transporting Layer for Perovskite Solar Cells with Annealing Process

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (9) ◽  
pp. 5491-5497 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ma Ro Kim ◽  
Hyung Wook Choi ◽  
Chung Wung Bark
Keyword(s):  
Solar Cells ◽  
Electron Transport ◽  
Low Temperature ◽  
Annealing Temperature ◽  
Perovskite Solar Cells ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Annealing Process ◽  
Processing Method ◽  
Transport Layer ◽  
Electron Transport Layer

Perovskite solar cells (PSCs) represent the third generation of solar cells that comprise a semiconductor electrode, a counter electrode, and an electrolyte. Perovskite solar cells (PSCs) have been comprehensively researched and led to an impressive improvement in a short period of time as cheaper alternatives to silicon solar cells due to their high energy-conversion efficiency and low production cost. Tin oxide (SnO2) has attracted attention as a promising candidate for electron transport material of perovskite solar cells, because it can be easily processed by low annealing temperature and solution processing method. However, in the fabrication of SnO2 electron transfer layer (ETL) via the conventional solution method, it is greatly difficult to increase the size of the substrate by the solution treatment method or to commercialize it. In this work, we report the photovoltaic characteristics of SnO2 based electron transport layer for perovskite solar cells (PSCs) fabricated by the thermal-evaporation processing method. The deposited SnO2 layer with the thermal evaporator is known to be not crystallographically stable. To solve this problem, we performed the annealing process at relatively low temperature (below 200 °C). As a result, we could confirm the optimum annealing temperature and we could demonstrate PSCs with thermally deposited SnO2 as the compact electron transport layer through a low-temperature annealing process. It would contribute to new opportunities in commercialization and development of perovskite solar cells.

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