scholarly journals Th1/Th17-Related Cytokines and Chemokines and Their Implications in the Pathogenesis of Pemphigus Vulgaris

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rodolfo Pessato Timoteo ◽  
Marcos Vinicius da Silva ◽  
Camila Botelho Miguel ◽  
Djalma Alexandre Alves Silva ◽  
Jonatas Da Silva Catarino ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Pemphigus Vulgaris ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Skin Lesions ◽  
Clinical Parameters ◽  
Cytokines And Chemokines ◽  
Th17 Cytokines ◽  
Control Disease ◽  
Desmoglein 3

Pemphigus vulgaris (PV) is an autoimmune disease characterized by the presence of IgG autoantibodies against desmoglein-3. Despite the variety of findings, the chemokine and cytokine profiles that characterize the immune response in the disease are still poorly explored. Thus, 20 PV patients and 20 controls were grouped according to gender, ethnicity, place of residence, and clinical parameters of the disease. Then, the levels of chemokines and of Th1/Th2/Th17/Treg/Th9/Th22-related cytokines were assessed in the serum. PV patients had higher levels of inflammatory Th1/Th17 cytokines (IFN-γ, IL-17, and IL-23), as well as higher levels of CXCL8 and reduced levels of Th1/Th2-related chemokines (IP-10 and CCL11). However, no differences in the levels of IL-2, IL-6, TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-4, IL-9, IL-12, TGF-β, IL-33, MCP-1, RANTES, and MIP-1α were found between PV patients and their control counterparts. Furthermore, PV patients with skin lesions had higher serum levels of IL-6 and CXCL8 when compared to PV patients without lesions. Taken together, our findings describe the role of cytokines and chemokines associated with Th1/Th17 immune response in PV patients. Finally, these data are important for better understanding of the immune aspects that control disease outcome, and they may also provide important information about why patients develop autoantibodies against desmogleins.

scholarly journals Serum Levels of Autoantibodies to Desmoglein 3 in Patients with Therapy-resistant Pemphigus Vulgaris Successfully Treated with Adjuvant Intravenous Immunoglobulins

2003 ◽  
Vol 84 (1) ◽  
pp. 48-52
Author(s):  
Detlef Zillikens ◽  
Susanne Herzog ◽  
Enno Schmidt ◽  
Matthias Goebeler ◽  
Bröcker Eva-B.
Keyword(s):  
Pemphigus Vulgaris ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Intravenous Immunoglobulins ◽  
Desmoglein 3

scholarly journals The role of the immune response in the etiopathogenesis of endometriosis

2021 ◽  
Vol 68 (1) ◽  
pp. 40-47
Author(s):  
Catalina Diana Stanica ◽  
◽  
Adrian , Neacsu ◽  
Romina Marina Sima ◽  
Raluca Gabriela Ioan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Chronic Pelvic Pain ◽  
Economic Consequences ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
High Morbidity ◽  
Women Of Reproductive Age ◽  
Cytokines And Chemokines ◽  
Altered Immune Response

Endometriosis is a benign, chronic, estrogen-dependent condition, present in 10% of women of reproductive age. The condition is associated with chronic pelvic pain and infertility that influence their quality of life, as well as married life and has important socio-economic consequences. Despite its high morbidity, its etiopathogenesis is incompletely known. A large number of studies suggest that the ability of endometrial implants to grow in ectopic locations may be correlated with the altered immune response towards the endometriotic tissue. There are enough data to show that immune system mediators, such as cytokines and chemokines, are playing key roles in the onset and olso on progression of endometriosis. There are studies that prove the association between endometriosis and autoimmune diseases. The present paper aims to investigate the implications of the immune response in the etiopathogenesis of endometriosis. The study of cellular or humoral immunity deficits, the presence of autoantibodies associated with this condition, can facilitate the understanding of the mechanisms that lead to the appearance and spread of endometriosis. We hope that this information will ultimately provide the basis for the development of new effective approaches in endometriosis management.

Orodigital Pemphigus Vulgaris: A Pathogenic Role of Anti-Desmoglein-3 Autoantibodies in Pemphigus Paronychia?

Dermatology ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 217 (4) ◽  
pp. 337-339 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emmanuel Laffitte ◽  
Renato G. Panizzon ◽  
Luca Borradori
Keyword(s):  
Pemphigus Vulgaris ◽  
Pathogenic Role ◽  
Desmoglein 3

scholarly journals P0855ASSOCIATIONS BETWEEN A COMPREHENSIVE PANEL OF BIOMARKERS WITH ESA HYPORESPONSIVENESS: ROLE OF IMMUNE DYSFUNCTION IN THE PATHOPHYSIOLOGY OF CKD ANEMIA

2020 ◽  
Vol 35 (Supplement_3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Guilherme Batalha ◽  
Maria Eugênia Canziani ◽  
Murilo Guedes ◽  
Ana Clara Almeida ◽  
Andrea N Moreno-Amaral ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Vascular Inflammation ◽  
Multivariable Analysis ◽  
Resistance Index ◽  
Immune Dysfunction ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Magnetic Bead ◽  
Inadequate Response

Abstract Background and Aims An inadequate response to the treatment of anemia with erythropoiesis-stimulating agents (ESAs) in patients with chronic kidney disease is a challenging and common clinical condition previously associated with signs of inflammation and episodic clinical events. The associations between different immune response pathways and ESA hyporesponsiveness remain poorly understood. Here we describe the associations between a comprehensive panel of inflammatory biomarkers and ESA resistance in a group of stable HD patients. Method This is post-hoc analysis of the baseline evaluation of patients enrolled in the HDFIT, a randomized controlled trial. A panel comprising a more general (CRP), innate (IL-1β and IL-6), adaptive (IFNγ, IFNα2) biomarkers of immune response, and also a specific vascular inflammation (MCP-1) biomarkers were simultaneously measured with the same serum sample through turbidimetry and Milliplex Human Cytokine Magnetic Bead Panel - EMD Milipore Corporation, USA. Multivariable analysis was used to assess the association of their concentrations with the erythropoietin resistance index (ERI), defined as the weekly ESA dose divided by hemoglobin level. Results A total of 155 patients were included in this analysis (mean age 52 ± 6; 70% male; 32% with diabetes; mean hemoglobin 11.7 ± 1.5; median ESA dose/week 8000 IU IQR: 4000-12.000). Patients in the highest ERI tercile were mostly female, younger, more diabetic and with slightly higher proportion of iron prescription compared to those in the lowest tercile of ERI. The multivariable models adjusted for age, sex, diabetes and vascular access demonstrated that higher serum levels of IL-1β and IFN-γ were associated with higher ESA resistance, while there were no detectable associations of serum levels of IL-6 or CRP and ERI. Conclusion Among the biomarkers included in this comprehensive panel of biomarkers representing the multilevel nature of immune dysfunction in CKD, we observed associations between higher concentrations of innate (IL-1β) and adaptive (IFN) immune response and ESA hyporesponsiveness. Our results support the role of immune dysfunction in the pathophysiology of CKD anemia.

scholarly journals A Possible Role for CD8+ T Lymphocytes in the Cell-Mediated Pathogenesis of Pemphigus Vulgaris

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Federica Giurdanella ◽  
Luca Fania ◽  
Maria Gnarra ◽  
Paola Toto ◽  
Daniela Di Rollo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
T Cells ◽  
Cd8 T Cells ◽  
Immunohistochemical Staining ◽  
Inflammatory Infiltrate ◽  
Pemphigus Vulgaris ◽  
Skin Lesions ◽  
Passive Transfer ◽  
Autoimmune Blistering Disease ◽  
Deficient Mice

Pemphigus vulgaris (PV) is an autoimmune blistering disease whose pathogenesis involves both humoral and cell-mediated immune response. Though the pathogenetic role of autoantibodies directed against desmoglein 3 is certain, a number of other factors have been suggested to determine acantholysis in PV. In this study we examined the possible role of CD8+ T cells in the development of acantholysis by a passive transfer of PV autoantibodies using CD8 deficient mice, and we also studied the inflammatory infiltrate of PV skin lesions by immunohistochemical staining. The results of the immunohistochemical staining to study the expression of CD3, CD4, and CD8 in PV skin lesions showed that CD4+ are more expressed than CD8+ in the inflammatory infiltrate of PV lesions, confirming the data of the previous literature. The passive transfer study showed a lower incidence of pemphigus in the group of CD8 deficient mice compared to the control one of wild-type mice. These results suggest that CD8+ T cells may play a role in the pathogenesis of PV, perhaps through the Fas/FasL pathway.

scholarly journals Probiotics Stimulate Production of Natural Antibodies in Chickens

2006 ◽  
Vol 13 (9) ◽  
pp. 975-980 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hamid R. Haghighi ◽  
Jianhua Gong ◽  
Carlton L. Gyles ◽  
M. Anthony Hayes ◽  
Huaijun Zhou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Immunoglobulin A ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Natural Antibodies ◽  
Commensal Bacteria ◽  
Lymphoid Tissues ◽  
Alpha Toxin ◽  
Igg Antibodies ◽  
Significant Difference

ABSTRACT Commensal bacteria in the intestine play an important role in the development of immune response. These bacteria interact with cells of the gut-associated lymphoid tissues (GALT). Among cells of the GALT, B-1 cells are of note. These cells are involved in the production of natural antibodies. In the present study, we determined whether manipulation of the intestinal microbiota by administration of probiotics, which we had previously shown to enhance specific systemic antibody response, could affect the development of natural antibodies in the intestines and sera of chickens. Our findings demonstrate that when 1-day-old chicks were treated with probiotics, serum and intestinal antibodies reactive to tetanus toxoid (TT) and Clostridium perfringens alpha-toxin in addition to intestinal immunoglobulin A (IgA) reactive to bovine serum albumin (BSA) were increased in unimmunized chickens. Moreover, IgG antibodies reactive to TT were increased in the intestines of probiotic-treated chickens compared to those of untreated controls. In serum, IgG and IgM reactive to TT and alpha-toxin were increased in probiotic-treated, unimmunized chickens compared to levels in untreated controls. However, no significant difference in serum levels of IgM or IgG response to BSA was observed. These results are suggestive of the induction of natural antibodies in probiotic-treated, unimmunized chickens. Elucidating the role of these antibodies in maintenance of the chicken immune system homeostasis and immune response to pathogens requires further investigation.

scholarly journals Correlation between IL-36α and IL-17 and Activity of the Disease in Selected Autoimmune Blistering Diseases

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Agnieszka Żebrowska ◽  
Anna Woźniacka ◽  
Katarzyna Juczyńska ◽  
Kamila Ociepa ◽  
Elżbieta Waszczykowska ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dermatitis Herpetiformis ◽  
Tissue Injury ◽  
Pemphigus Vulgaris ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Specific Antibodies ◽  
Relevant Role ◽  
Skin Conditions ◽  
Autoimmune Blistering Diseases

Dermatitis herpetiformis (DH), bullous pemphigoid (BP), and pemphigus vulgaris (PV) are autoimmune bullous skin conditions with eosinophilic and neutrophilic infiltrations. While cytokines are crucial for the affinity and activation of different leukocyte cells in the inflammation and blister formation, there are no studies concerning a role of IL-36. The goal of the study was to analyze whether interleukin 36 is involved in pathogenesis of DH, BP, and PV. And the second aim of the study was the estimation of correlation between IL-36 and IL-17 and titers of specific antibodies in these diseases. Expression of IL-36 and IL-17 was detected in serum in all DH, BP, and PV samples. Serum levels of IL-36 and IL-17α were statistically higher in DH, BP, and PV groups as compared to the control group. IL-36α levels were statistically higher in DH patients, as compared to patients with PV and BP. Our results showed that IL-36 may be helpful in the diagnostic and monitoring of the activity of the disease. IL-36 may play a relevant role of enrolling eosinophils and neutrophils in DH, BP, and PV and finally provoke tissue injury.

scholarly journals Possible Implication of Local Immune Response in Darier's Disease: An Immunohistochemical Characterization of Lesional Inflammatory Infiltrate

2010 ◽  
Vol 2010 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Clelia Miracco ◽  
Francesco Pietronudo ◽  
Vasileios Mourmouras ◽  
Michele Pellegrino ◽  
Monica Onorati ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Dendritic Cells ◽  
Inflammatory Infiltrate ◽  
Normal Skin ◽  
Pemphigus Vulgaris ◽  
Skin Lesions ◽  
Cell Mediated Immunity ◽  
Local Immune Response ◽  
Darier’S Disease ◽  
Darier's Disease

Cell-mediated immunity is considered to be normal in Darier's Disease (DD), an inherited skin disorder complicated by skin infections. To date, there are no investigations on the local inflammatory infiltrate in DD skin lesions. In this immunohistochemical study we characterized and quantified it, making comparisons with two other inflammatory skin disorders, that is, pemphigus vulgaris (PV) and lichen ruber planus (LRP), and with the normal skin (NSk). We found a significant () decrease of CD1a+ Langerhans cells (LCs) in DD, compared to PV, LRP, and NSk, and of CD123+ plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs), compared to PV and LRP. We hypothesize that the genetic damage of keratinocytes might result in a loss of some subsets of dendritic cells and, consequently, in an impaired local immune response, which might worsen the infections that inevitably occur in this disease.

scholarly journals 035 Humanized anti-Desmoglein-3 antibodies as tools for research on the role of the neonatal Fc receptor in pemphigus vulgaris

2021 ◽  
Vol 141 (10) ◽  
pp. S154
Author(s):  
A. Zakrzewicz ◽  
C. Würth ◽  
B. Beckert ◽  
S. Feldhoff ◽  
P. Verheesen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pemphigus Vulgaris ◽  
Fc Receptor ◽  
Neonatal Fc Receptor ◽  
Desmoglein 3

scholarly journals The role of IL-18 in addition to Th17 cytokines in rheumatoid arthritis development and treatment in women

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Georgi Vasilev ◽  
Irena Manolova ◽  
Mariana Ivanova ◽  
Iskren Stanilov ◽  
Lyuba Miteva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rheumatoid Arthritis ◽  
Disease Duration ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Treatment Regimens ◽  
Rheumatoid Arthritis Development ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Th17 Cytokines ◽  
Pro Inflammatory Cytokines

AbstractWe aimed to analyze serum pro-inflammatory profiles of female rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients and compare them with healthy women to establish the relative importance of pro-inflammatory cytokines in RA and their relation with different treatment regimens. Levels of six cytokines were determined by ELISA assays. A supervised dimensionality reducing approach (PLS-DA Analysis) was applied. All of the cytokines assayed were significantly elevated in the sera of RA female patients than healthy controls with fold change: 21-fold for IL-6; 6.1-fold for IL-17A; 2.5-fold for IL-23; 2.3-fold for IL-18; 1.94-fold for TNF-α; 1.7-fold for IL-12p40. According to the results of the PLS-DA analysis, IL-17A, IL-18, and TNF-α were of higher importance rank compared to IL-23 and IL-12p40. Women in the early stage of RA displayed significantly elevated IL-17A levels than those with longer disease duration: 8.04 pg/ml [8.04–175.3] vs 4.64 pg/ml [2.95–13.31], p = 0.007. IL-6 serum levels were related to higher disease activity. We have demonstrated altered cytokine production within female RA patients on different treatment regimens. Those on Tocilizumab therapy showed elevated IL-6 levels and decreased IL-17A versus the rest of the patients’ subgroups. In conclusion, our data support the pivotal role of IL-18 in addition to IL-6, IL-17A, and TNF-α as the hierarchical cytokines in the pathogenesis of RA, particularly valid for women. Therapy with biological agents targeting IL-18 in addition to the Th17 axis may be an adequate approach in RA patients.

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