scholarly journals Privacy-Preserving Biometric Authentication: Challenges and Directions

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elena Pagnin ◽  
Aikaterini Mitrokotsa
Keyword(s):  
Characteristic Feature ◽  
Privacy Preserving ◽  
Security And Privacy ◽  
Biometric Authentication ◽  
Authentication Protocols ◽  
Strong Bond ◽  
Privacy Concerns ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Password Based Authentication ◽  
Biometric Trait

An emerging direction for authenticating people is the adoption of biometric authentication systems. Biometric credentials are becoming increasingly popular as a means of authenticating people due to the wide range of advantages that they provide with respect to classical authentication methods (e.g., password-based authentication). The most characteristic feature of this authentication method is the naturally strong bond between a user and her biometric credentials. This very same advantageous property, however, raises serious security and privacy concerns in case the biometric trait gets compromised. In this article, we present the most challenging issues that need to be taken into consideration when designing secure and privacy-preserving biometric authentication protocols. More precisely, we describe the main threats against privacy-preserving biometric authentication systems and give directions on possible countermeasures in order to design secure and privacy-preserving biometric authentication protocols.

scholarly journals Hashing based Data Transaction and Optimized Storage for IoT Applications

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
pp. 1206-1215
Author(s):  
Monika Parmar, Et. al.
Keyword(s):  
Input Data ◽  
Security And Privacy ◽  
Huge Amount ◽  
Privacy Concerns ◽  
Iot Applications ◽  
Blockchain Technology ◽  
Storage Solutions ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
New Challenges ◽  
Distributed Analysis

Blockchain technology, which would be the underlying technology, has recently become very popular with the increase in cryptocurrencies and is being used in IoT and other fields. There have been shortfalls, however, which impede its implementation, including the volume of space. Transactions will be produced at a significant level due to the huge amount of Connected systems that often work in many networks as data processors. In IoT, the storage issue will become more intense. Current storing data platforms have a wide range of features to respond to an extensive variety spectrum of uses. Nevertheless, new groups of systems have arisen, e.g., blockchain with data version control, fork semantics, tamper-evidence or some variation thereof, and distributed analysis. They're showing new challenges for storage solutions to effectively serve such energy storage Systems by integrating the criteria mentioned in the processing. This paper discusses the potential security and privacy concerns of IoT applications and also it is shown that in first step the storage is enhanced by 50% and further in the next step, it is improved and it takes only 256 bytes irrespective of the input data size.

A Secure and Privacy-Preserving Approach to Protect User Data across Cloud based Online Social Networks

2021 ◽  
pp. 560-585
Author(s):  
Neelu khare ◽  
Kumaran U.
Keyword(s):  
Social Networks ◽  
Online Social Networks ◽  
Data Access ◽  
Privacy Preserving ◽  
Security And Privacy ◽  
Sensitive Information ◽  
Privacy Concerns ◽  
Attribute Based Encryption ◽  
User Data ◽  
Trapdoor Function

The tremendous growth of social networking systems enables the active participation of a wide variety of users. This has led to an increased probability of security and privacy concerns. In order to solve the issue, the article defines a secure and privacy-preserving approach to protect user data across Cloud-based online social networks. The proposed approach models social networks as a directed graph, such that a user can share sensitive information with other users only if there exists a directed edge from one user to another. The connectivity between data users data is efficiently shared using an attribute-based encryption (ABE) with different data access levels. The proposed ABE technique makes use of a trapdoor function to re-encrypt the data without the use of proxy re-encryption techniques. Experimental evaluation states that the proposed approach provides comparatively better results than the existing techniques.

scholarly journals Privacy Preserving Partially Homomorphic Encryption with Optimal Key Generation Technique for VANETs

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tamilarasi G ◽  
Rajiv Gandhi K ◽  
Palanisamy V
Keyword(s):  
Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks ◽  
Intelligent Transportation System ◽  
Homomorphic Encryption ◽  
Privacy Preserving ◽  
Security And Privacy ◽  
Generation Process ◽  
Key Generation ◽  
Privacy And Security ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Grasshopper Optimization Algorithm

Abstract In recent days, vehicular ad hoc networks (VANETs) has gained significant interest in the field of intelligent transportation system (ITS) owing to the safety and preventive measures to the drivers and passengers. Regardless of the merits provided by VANET, it faces several issues, particularly with respect to security and privacy of users/messages. Because of the decentralized structure and dynamic topologies of VANET, it is hard to detect malicious or faulty nodes or users. With this motivation, this paper designs new privacy preserving partially homomorphic encryption with optimal key generation using improved grasshopper optimization algorithm (IGOA-PHE) technique in VANETs. The goal of the proposed IGOA-PHE technique aims to achieve privacy and security in VANET. The proposed IGOA-PHE technique involves two stage processes namely ElGamal public key cryptosystem (EGPKC) for PHE and IGOA based optimal key generation process. In order to improve the security of the EGPKC technique, the keys are optimally chosen using the IGOA. Besides, the IGOA is derived by incorporating the concepts of Gaussian mutation (GM) and Levy flights. The experimental analysis of the proposed IGOA-PHE technique is examined in a wide range of experiments. The resultant outcomes exhibited the maximum performance of the presented IGOA-PHE technique over the recent state of art methods.

scholarly journals TrustChain: A Privacy Preserving Blockchain with Edge Computing

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Upul Jayasinghe ◽  
Gyu Myoung Lee ◽  
Áine MacDermott ◽  
Woo Seop Rhee
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Personal Data ◽  
Privacy Preserving ◽  
Edge Computing ◽  
Security And Privacy ◽  
Privacy Concerns ◽  
Massive Scale ◽  
Potential Alternative ◽  
Iot Devices ◽  
Scarcity Of Resources

Recent advancements in the Internet of Things (IoT) has enabled the collection, processing, and analysis of various forms of data including the personal data from billions of objects to generate valuable knowledge, making more innovative services for its stakeholders. Yet, this paradigm continuously suffers from numerous security and privacy concerns mainly due to its massive scale, distributed nature, and scarcity of resources towards the edge of IoT networks. Interestingly, blockchain based techniques offer strong countermeasures to protect data from tampering while supporting the distributed nature of the IoT. However, the enormous amount of energy consumption required to verify each block of data make it difficult to use with resource-constrained IoT devices and with real-time IoT applications. Nevertheless, it can expose the privacy of the stakeholders due to its public ledger system even though it secures data from alterations. Edge computing approaches suggest a potential alternative to centralized processing in order to populate real-time applications at the edge and to reduce privacy concerns associated with cloud computing. Hence, this paper suggests the novel privacy preserving blockchain called TrustChain which combines the power of blockchains with trust concepts to eliminate issues associated with traditional blockchain architectures. This work investigates how TrustChain can be deployed in the edge computing environment with different levels of absorptions to eliminate delays and privacy concerns associated with centralized processing and to preserve the resources in IoT networks.

scholarly journals SECURITY AND PRIVACY MECHANISM USING BLOCKCHAIN

2019 ◽  
Vol 01 (01) ◽  
pp. 45-54 ◽  
Author(s):  
Suma V
Keyword(s):  
Data Sharing ◽  
Digital Signature ◽  
Communication Channels ◽  
Privacy Preserving ◽  
Security And Privacy ◽  
Java Programming ◽  
Commercial Code ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Block Chain ◽  
The Government

Block chain being a foundational technology impacting and attracting a wide range of applications has become predominant in solving the problem of privacy preserving and security in multitude sectors that is under the control of the government and the private. The paper also presents the security and the privacy mechanism using the block chain to prevent the misuse and the corruption in the sharing of huge set of data generated from the judiciary, security, legislature, commercial code registries etc. The proposed system enables reliability and the trust in the data sharing in the communication channels utilizing the block chain with the RSA digital signature. The proposed system is simulated as a java programming version to evince the enhancement in the latency in the sharing of the information’s along with the privacy and the security.

scholarly journals Security schemes based on conditional privacy-preserving vehicular ad hoc networks

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 479
Author(s):  
Mahmood A. Al-shareeda ◽  
Mohammed Anbar ◽  
Murtadha A. Alazzawi ◽  
Selvakumar Manickam ◽  
Iznan H. Hasbullah
Keyword(s):  
Ad Hoc Networks ◽  
Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Privacy Preserving ◽  
Security And Privacy ◽  
Performance Parameters ◽  
Related Services ◽  
Privacy Requirements ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Hoc Networks

Recently, vehicular ad hoc networks (VANETs) have been garnering significant inter-est from the people involved in transportation field. Nowadays automotive manufactur-ers have already supplying vehicles with multitude of road sensors that provides many useful characteristics. VANET communication not only offers the drivers and passen-gers with the various safety related services but also provides a wide range of valuable applications. However, the inherent openness of the wireless communication medium used by VANETs exposes vehicles to various security and privacy issues. Researchers have proposed many security schemes to solve the issues mentioned above for the widespread deployment of VANETs. However, these schemes failed to fulfill all as-pects of security and privacy requirements. Besides, these schemes have not provided the performance parameters such as computation and communication costs. The pri-mary emphasis of this paper is on the taxonomy of security schemes based conditional privacy-preserving with respect to strengths and limitations. Besides, a comparison be-tween these schemes related to the model of security and privacy requirements, attacks, and performance parameters is provided. Finally, this paper critically reviews the re-lated works by taking into consideration the design and development of all VANETs security and privacy schemes, this paper could serve as a guide and reference.

A Secure and Privacy-Preserving Approach to Protect User Data across Cloud based Online Social Networks

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-24
Author(s):  
Neelu khare ◽  
Kumaran U.
Keyword(s):  
Social Networks ◽  
Online Social Networks ◽  
Data Access ◽  
Privacy Preserving ◽  
Security And Privacy ◽  
Sensitive Information ◽  
Privacy Concerns ◽  
Attribute Based Encryption ◽  
User Data ◽  
Trapdoor Function

The tremendous growth of social networking systems enables the active participation of a wide variety of users. This has led to an increased probability of security and privacy concerns. In order to solve the issue, the article defines a secure and privacy-preserving approach to protect user data across Cloud-based online social networks. The proposed approach models social networks as a directed graph, such that a user can share sensitive information with other users only if there exists a directed edge from one user to another. The connectivity between data users data is efficiently shared using an attribute-based encryption (ABE) with different data access levels. The proposed ABE technique makes use of a trapdoor function to re-encrypt the data without the use of proxy re-encryption techniques. Experimental evaluation states that the proposed approach provides comparatively better results than the existing techniques.

scholarly journals Assessing Users’ Privacy and Security Concerns of Smart Home Technologies

i-com ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 197-216 ◽  
Author(s):  
Verena Zimmermann ◽  
Paul Gerber ◽  
Karola Marky ◽  
Leon Böck ◽  
Florian Kirchbuchner
Keyword(s):  
Smart Home ◽  
Elderly Care ◽  
Security And Privacy ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Privacy And Security ◽  
Privacy Concerns ◽  
Private Lives ◽  
Societal Level ◽  
Home Users

AbstractSmart Home technologies have the potential to increase the quality of life, home security and facilitate elderly care. Therefore, they require access to a plethora of data about the users’ homes and private lives. Resulting security and privacy concerns form a relevant barrier to adopting this promising technology. Aiming to support end users’ informed decision-making through addressing the concerns we first conducted semi-structured interviews with 42 potential and little-experienced Smart Home users. Their diverse concerns were clustered into four themes that center around attacks on Smart Home data and devices, the perceived loss of control, the trade-off between functionality and security, and user-centric concerns as compared to concerns on a societal level. Second, we discuss measures to address the four themes from an interdisciplinary perspective. The paper concludes with recommendations for addressing user concerns and for supporting developers in designing user-centered Smart Home technologies.

Automatic Vulnerability Detection in Embedded Devices and Firmware

2021 ◽  
Vol 54 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-42
Author(s):  
Abdullah Qasem ◽  
Paria Shirani ◽  
Mourad Debbabi ◽  
Lingyu Wang ◽  
Bernard Lebel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Embedded Systems ◽  
Symbolic Execution ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Security And Privacy ◽  
Embedded Devices ◽  
Security Vulnerabilities ◽  
Future Directions ◽  
Hybrid Approaches ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The Internet Of Things

In the era of the internet of things (IoT), software-enabled inter-connected devices are of paramount importance. The embedded systems are very frequently used in both security and privacy-sensitive applications. However, the underlying software (a.k.a. firmware) very often suffers from a wide range of security vulnerabilities, mainly due to their outdated systems or reusing existing vulnerable libraries; which is evident by the surprising rise in the number of attacks against embedded systems. Therefore, to protect those embedded systems, detecting the presence of vulnerabilities in the large pool of embedded devices and their firmware plays a vital role. To this end, there exist several approaches to identify and trigger potential vulnerabilities within deployed embedded systems firmware. In this survey, we provide a comprehensive review of the state-of-the-art proposals, which detect vulnerabilities in embedded systems and firmware images by employing various analysis techniques, including static analysis, dynamic analysis, symbolic execution, and hybrid approaches. Furthermore, we perform both quantitative and qualitative comparisons among the surveyed approaches. Moreover, we devise taxonomies based on the applications of those approaches, the features used in the literature, and the type of the analysis. Finally, we identify the unresolved challenges and discuss possible future directions in this field of research.

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