scholarly journals The Flavonoid Glabridin Induces OCT4 to Enhance Osteogenetic Potential in Mesenchymal Stem Cells

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
June Seok Heo ◽  
Seung Gwan Lee ◽  
Hyun Ok Kim
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Osteogenic Differentiation ◽  
The Self ◽  
Significant Elevation ◽  
Differentiation Potential ◽  
Self Renewal ◽  
Reverse Transcription Pcr ◽  
Promising Tool

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are a promising tool for studying intractable diseases. Unfortunately, MSCs can easily undergo cellular senescence during in vitro expansion by losing stemness. The aim of this study was to improve the stemness and differentiation of MSCs by using glabridin, a natural flavonoid. Assessments of cell viability, cell proliferation, β-galactosidase activity, differentiation, and gene expression by reverse transcription PCR were subsequently performed in the absence or presence of glabridin. Glabridin enhanced the self-renewal capacity of MSCs, as indicated by the upregulation of the OCT4 gene. In addition, it resulted in an increase in the osteogenic differentiation potential by inducing the expression of osteogenesis-related genes such as DLX5 and RUNX2. We confirmed that glabridin improved the osteogenesis of MSCs with a significant elevation in the expression of OSTEOCALCIN and OSTEOPONTIN genes. Taken together, these results suggest that glabridin enhances osteogenic differentiation of MSCs with induction of the OCT4 gene; thus, glabridin could be useful for stem cell-based therapies.

Articular cartilage-derived cells hold a strong osteogenic differentiation potential in comparison to mesenchymal stem cells in vitro

2013 ◽  
Vol 319 (18) ◽  
pp. 2856-2865 ◽  
Author(s):  
Achim Salamon ◽  
Anika Jonitz-Heincke ◽  
Stefanie Adam ◽  
Joachim Rychly ◽  
Brigitte Müller-Hilke ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Articular Cartilage ◽  
Osteogenic Differentiation ◽  
Differentiation Potential

scholarly journals Corneal stromal mesenchymal stem cells: reconstructing a bioactive cornea and repairing the corneal limbus and stromal microenvironment

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 448-455
Author(s):  
Xian-Ning Liu ◽  
◽  
Yun Chen ◽  
Yao Wang ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Anterior Part ◽  
Corneal Stroma ◽  
Limbal Stem Cells ◽  
Differentiation Potential ◽  
Self Renewal ◽  
Stromal Microenvironment ◽  
Application Prospects

Corneal stroma-derived mesenchymal stem cells (CS-MSCs) are mainly distributed in the anterior part of the corneal stroma near the corneal limbal stem cells (LSCs). CS-MSCs are stem cells with self-renewal and multidirectional differentiation potential. A large amount of data confirmed that CS-MSCs can be induced to differentiate into functional keratocytes in vitro, which is the motive force for maintaining corneal transparency and producing a normal corneal stroma. CS-MSCs are also an important component of the limbal microenvironment. Furthermore, they are of great significance in the reconstruction of ocular surface tissue and tissue engineering for active biocornea construction. In this paper, the localization and biological characteristics of CS-MSCs, the use of CS-MSCs to reconstruct a tissue-engineered active biocornea, and the repair of the limbal and matrix microenvironment by CS-MSCs are reviewed, and their application prospects are discussed.

scholarly journals Identification of WNT16 as a Predictable Biomarker for Accelerated Osteogenic Differentiation of Tonsil-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells In Vitro

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yu-Hee Kim ◽  
Kyung-Ah Cho ◽  
Hyun-Ji Lee ◽  
Minhwa Park ◽  
Han Su Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Osteogenic Differentiation ◽  
Selection Criterion ◽  
Osteogenic Potential ◽  
Differentiation Potential ◽  
Real Time Quantitative Pcr ◽  
Single Cell Cloning

The application of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) for treating bone-related diseases shows promising outcomes in preclinical studies. However, cells that are isolated and defined as MSCs comprise a heterogeneous population of progenitors. This heterogeneity can produce variations in the performance of MSCs, especially in applications that require differentiation potential in vivo, such as the treatment of osteoporosis. Here, we aimed to identify genetic markers in tonsil-derived MSCs (T-MSCs) that can predict osteogenic potential. Using a single-cell cloning method, we isolated and established several lines of nondifferentiating (ND) or osteoblast-prone (OP) clones. Next, we performed transcriptome sequencing of three ND and three OP clones that maintained the characteristics of MSCs and determined the top six genes that were upregulated in OP clones. Upregulation of WNT16 and DCLK1 expression was confirmed by real-time quantitative PCR, but only WNT16 expression was correlated with the osteogenic differentiation of T-MSCs from 10 different donors. Collectively, our findings suggest that WNT16 is a putative genetic marker that predicts the osteogenic potential of T-MSCs. Thus, examination of WNT16 expression as a selection criterion prior to the clinical application of MSCs may enhance the therapeutic efficacy of stem cell therapy for bone-related complications, including osteoporosis.

Oestrogen receptors are involved in the osteogenic differentiation of periodontal ligament stem cells

2010 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 117-124 ◽  
Author(s):  
Feng Pan ◽  
Rui Zhang ◽  
Guang Wang ◽  
Yin Ding
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Bone Formation ◽  
Osteogenic Differentiation ◽  
Periodontal Ligament ◽  
Oestrogen Receptors ◽  
Periodontal Ligament Stem Cells ◽  
Differentiation Potential ◽  
Reverse Transcription Pcr ◽  
Pdl Cells

The existence of PDLSCs [PDL (periodontal ligament) stem cells] in PDL has been identified and such cells may function in periodontal reconstruction, including bone formation. Oestrogens/ERs (oestrogen receptors; ERα and ERβ) exert important effects in bone formation, however, the relationship between ERs and PDLSCs has not been established. In the present study, PDLSCs were isolated and assays for detecting stem-cell biomarkers and multipotential differentiation potential confirmed the validity of human PDLSCs. The results of RT–PCR (reverse transcription–PCR) and Western blotting showed that ERα and ERβ were expressed at higher levels in PDLSCs as compared with PDLCs (PDL cells), and 17β-oestradiol obviously induced the osteogenic differentiation of PDLSCs in vitro. Furthermore, a pan-ER inhibitor or lentivirus-mediated siRNA (small interfering RNA) targeting ERα or ERβ blocked the oestrogen-induced osteogenic differentiation of PDLSCs. The results indicate that both ERα and ERβ were involved in the process of osteogenic differentiation of PDLSCs.

scholarly journals ET-33 * PLACENTA-DERIVED MESENCHYMAL STEM CELLS AND THEIR SECRETED EXOSOMES INHIBIT THE SELF-RENEWAL AND STEMNESS OF GLIOMA STEM CELLS IN VITRO AND IN VIVO

2014 ◽  
Vol 16 (suppl 5) ◽  
pp. v86-v87
Author(s):  
H. K. Lee ◽  
E. Buchris ◽  
S. Finniss ◽  
S. Cazacu ◽  
C. Xiang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
The Self ◽  
Glioma Stem Cells ◽  
Self Renewal

scholarly journals PTPRU, a quiescence-induced receptor tyrosine phosphatase negatively regulates osteogenic differentiation of human mesenchymal stem cells

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Rumman ◽  
Jyotsna Dhawan
Keyword(s):  
Cell Cycle ◽  
Stem Cells ◽  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Osteogenic Differentiation ◽  
Tyrosine Phosphatase ◽  
Quiescent State ◽  
Differentiation Potential

Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are heterogeneous osteo-progenitors that are mainly responsible for bone regeneration and homeostasis. In vivo, a subpopulation of bone marrow MSCs persists in a quiescent state, providing a source of new cells for repair. Previously, we reported that induction of quiescence in hMSCs in vitro skews their differentiation potential in favour of osteogenesis while suppressing adipogenesis. Here, we uncover a new role for a protein tyrosine phosphatase, receptor type U (PTPRU) in repressing osteogenesis during quiescence. A 75 kD PTPRU protein isoform was found to be specifically induced during quiescence and down-regulated during cell cycle reactivation. Using siRNA-mediated knockdown, we report that in proliferating hMSC, PTPRU preserves self-renewal, while in quiescent hMSC, PTPRU not only maintains reversibility of cell cycle arrest but also suppresses expression of osteogenic lineage genes. Knockdown of PTPRU in proliferating or quiescent hMSC de-represses osteogenic markers, and enhances induced osteogenic differentiation. We also show that PTPRU positively regulates a β-catenin-TCF transcriptional reporter. Taken together, our study suggests a role for a quiescence-induced 75kD PTPRU isoform in modulating bone differentiation in hMSC, potentially involving the Wnt pathway.

scholarly journals Osteogenic Differentiation Potential of Human Bone Marrow and Amniotic Fluid-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Vitro & in Vivo

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 507-515 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eman E. A. Mohammed ◽  
Mohamed El-Zawahry ◽  
Abdel Razik H. Farrag ◽  
Nahla N. Abdel Aziz ◽  
Wessam Sharaf-ElDin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Stem Cell ◽  
Amniotic Fluid ◽  
Bone Regeneration ◽  
Osteogenic Differentiation ◽  
Differentiation Potential

BACKGROUND: Cell therapies offer a promising potential in promoting bone regeneration. Stem cell therapy presents attractive care modality in treating degenerative conditions or tissue injuries. The rationale behind this is both the expansion potential of stem cells into a large cell population size and its differentiation abilities into a wide variety of tissue types, when given the proper stimuli. A progenitor stem cell is a promising source of cell therapy in regenerative medicine and bone tissue engineering. AIM: This study aimed to compare the osteogenic differentiation and regenerative potentials of human mesenchymal stem cells derived from human bone marrow (hBM-MSCs) or amniotic fluid (hAF-MSCs), both in vitro and in vivo studies. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: Human MSCs, used in this study, were successfully isolated from two human sources; the bone marrow (BM) and amniotic fluid (AF) collected at the gestational ages of second or third trimesters. RESULTS: The stem cells derived from amniotic fluid seemed to be the most promising type of progenitor cells for clinical applications. In a pre-clinical experiment, attempting to explore the therapeutic application of MSCs in bone regeneration, Rat lumbar spines defects were surgically created and treated with undifferentiated and osteogenically differentiated MSCs, derived from BM and second trimester AF. Cells were loaded on gel-foam scaffolds, inserted and fixed in the area of the surgical defect. X-Ray radiography follows up, and histopathological analysis was done three-four months post- operation. The transplantation of AF-MSCs or BM-MSCs into induced bony defects showed promising results. The AF-MSCs are offering a better healing effect increasing the likelihood of achieving successful spinal fusion. Some bone changes were observed in rats transplanted with osteoblasts differentiated cells but not in rats transplanted with undifferentiated MSCs. Longer observational periods are required to evaluate a true bone formation. The findings of this study suggested that the different sources; hBM-MSCs or hAF-MSCs exhibited remarkably different signature regarding the cell morphology, proliferation capacity and osteogenic differentiation potential CONCLUSIONS: AF-MSCs have a better performance in vivo bone healing than that of BM-MSCs. Hence, AF derived MSCs is highly recommended as an alternative source to BM-MSCs in bone regeneration and spine fusion surgeries. Moreover, the usage of gel-foam as a scaffold proved as an efficient cell carrier that showed bio-compatibility with cells, bio-degradability and osteoinductivity in vivo.

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