scholarly journals Spinning Reserve Requirements Optimization Based on an Improved Multiscenario Risk Analysis Method

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Liudong Zhang ◽  
Yubo Yuan ◽  
Xiaodong Yuan ◽  
Bing Chen ◽  
Dawei Su ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Analysis ◽  
Wind Power ◽  
Cost Benefit Analysis ◽  
Cost Benefit ◽  
Mixed Integer ◽  
Analysis Method ◽  
Benefit Analysis ◽  
Spinning Reserve ◽  
Wind Power Forecast ◽  
The Impact

This paper proposes a novel security-constrained unit commitment model to calculate the optimal spinning reserve (SR) amount. The model combines cost-benefit analysis with an improved multiscenario risk analysis method capable of considering various uncertainties, including load and wind power forecast errors as well as forced outages of generators. In this model, cost-benefit analysis is utilized to simultaneously minimize the operation cost of conventional generators, the expected cost of load shedding, the penalty cost of wind power spillage, and the carbon emission cost. It remedies the defects of the deterministic and probabilistic methods of SR calculation. In cases where load and wind power generation are negatively correlated, this model based on multistep modeling of net demand can consider the wind power curtailment to maximize the overall economic efficiency of system operation so that the optimal economic values of wind power and SR are achieved. In addition, the impact of the nonnormal probability distributions of wind power forecast error on SR optimization can be taken into account. Using mixed integer linear programming method, simulation studies on a modified IEEE 26-generator reliability test system connected to a wind farm are performed to confirm the effectiveness and advantage of the proposed model.

Application of a Tax to E-Commerce Deliveries in Barcelona

2021 ◽  
pp. 036119812110124
Author(s):  
Genís Majoral ◽  
Francesc Gasparín ◽  
Sergi Saurí
Keyword(s):  
Cost Benefit Analysis ◽  
Cost Benefit ◽  
Supply Side ◽  
Environmental Tax ◽  
Positive Outcomes ◽  
Demand Side ◽  
Benefit Analysis ◽  
Revenue Collection ◽  
Last Mile ◽  
The Impact

The number of e-commerce transactions is increasing worldwide. Deliveries of goods purchased online generate externalities throughout the whole supply chain and, particularly, the increasing concern about the last-mile distribution of goods. The escalating presence of vans in cities contributes to poor air quality, climate change, noise, and congestion. So far, the majority of solutions to address this issue are based on the supply side, such as electric vans, optimizing the routing and pick-up-points, and so forth. Even in other transport sectors, pricing solutions are well known, yet they have not been extended to e-commerce delivery. This paper aims to propose an environmental tax falling on the demand side and equaling the externalities from this activity. The analysis has been particularized for the case of Barcelona. A cost–benefit analysis to assess the impact of such a tax has been carried out. When revenue collection is reinvested in the logistics sector, and for subsidizing electric distribution vehicles, the results indicate that the levying of the tax can generate positive outcomes.

scholarly journals Modelling the impact of rapid diagnostic tests on Plasmodium vivax malaria in South Korea: a cost–benefit analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. e004292
Author(s):  
Jung Ho Kim ◽  
Jiyeon Suh ◽  
Woon Ji Lee ◽  
Heun Choi ◽  
Jong-Dae Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
South Korea ◽  
Plasmodium Vivax ◽  
Diagnostic Tests ◽  
Cost Benefit Analysis ◽  
Malaria Incidence ◽  
Cost Benefit ◽  
Medical Costs ◽  
Rapid Diagnostic Tests ◽  
Benefit Analysis ◽  
The Impact

BackgroundRapid diagnostic tests (RDTs) are widely used for diagnosing Plasmodium vivax malaria, especially in resource-limited countries. However, the impact of RDTs on P. vivax malaria incidence and national medical costs has not been evaluated. We assessed the impact of RDT implementation on P. vivax malaria incidence and overall medical expenditures in South Korea and performed a cost–benefit analysis from the payer’s perspective.MethodsWe developed a dynamic compartmental model for P. vivax malaria transmission in South Korea using delay differential equations. Long latency and seasonality were incorporated into the model, which was calibrated to civilian malaria incidences during 2014–2018. We then estimated averted malaria cases and total medical costs from two diagnostic scenarios: microscopy only and both microscopy and RDTs. Medical costs were extracted based on data from a hospital in an at-risk area for P. vivax malaria and were validated using Health Insurance Review and Assessment Service data. We conducted a cost–benefit analysis of RDTs using the incremental benefit:cost ratio (IBCR) considering only medical costs and performed a probabilistic sensitivity analysis to reflect the uncertainties of model parameters, costs and benefits.ResultsThe results showed that 55.3% of new P. vivax malaria cases were averted, and $696 214 in medical costs was saved over 10 years after RDT introduction. The estimated IBCR was 2.5, indicating that RDT implementation was beneficial, compared with microscopy alone. The IBCR was sensitive to the diagnosis time reduction, infectious period and short latency period, and provided beneficial results in a benefit over $10.6 or RDT cost under $39.7.ConclusionsThe model simulation suggested that RDTs could significantly reduce P. vivax malaria incidence and medical costs. Moreover, cost–benefit analysis demonstrated that the introduction of RDTs was beneficial over microscopy alone. These results support the need for widespread adoption of RDTs.

scholarly journals Impacts of Coal Railroad Transportation Project on GDP Promotion and Unemployment Reduction in Bengkulu Province, Indonesia

2013 ◽  
Vol 216 ◽  
pp. 02-24
Author(s):  
PAULUS KURNIAWAN ◽  
KEMBAR SRI BUDHI ◽  
SUYANA UTAMA ◽  
MAHAENDRA YASA
Keyword(s):  
Significant Contribution ◽  
Cost Benefit Analysis ◽  
Cost Benefit ◽  
Economic Indicator ◽  
Internal Rate Of Return ◽  
Benefit Analysis ◽  
Cost Benefit Ratio ◽  
Railroad System ◽  
The Unemployed ◽  
The Impact

massive, advanced and integrated railroad system for coal transportation (referred to hereafter as ?Project?) from Muara Enim, Sumatra Selatan Province to the new coal port at Pulau Baai, Bengkulu Province, Indonesia is developed by a private investor together with the local government (PEMDA) of Bengkulu Province to make the best use of abundant coal resources in the region. This paper analyzes the impact of this Project on the Bengkulu economy, which is currently considered low. The Gross Domestic Product (GDP) is adopted as the economic indicator. The study combines the theories of export base and economic base, economic and regional developments, cost-benefit analysis and economic impact study with the empirical data. The results show the Project?s financial feasibility with Cost-Benefit Ratio of 1.61, Internal Rate of Return of 21.1% and Payback Period of 5 years, which will provide a significant contribution to the Bengkulu GDP growth and a decrease of 821,600 people among the unemployed.

Illustrating the Monetary Impact of Transportation Projects/Alternatives using the Values of Travel Time and Travel Time Reliability

2018 ◽  
Vol 2672 (51) ◽  
pp. 88-98 ◽  
Author(s):  
Venkata R. Duddu ◽  
Srinivas S. Pulugurtha ◽  
Praveena Penmetsa
Keyword(s):  
Travel Time ◽  
Cost Benefit Analysis ◽  
Cost Benefit ◽  
Transportation Systems ◽  
Travel Time Reliability ◽  
Benefit Analysis ◽  
Transportation Projects ◽  
Travel Time Savings ◽  
Time Savings ◽  
The Impact

State agencies, regional agencies, cities, towns, and local municipalities design and maintain transportation systems for the benefit of users by improving mobility, reducing travel time, and enhancing safety. Cost–benefit analysis based on travel time savings and the value of reliability helps these agencies in prioritizing transportation projects or when evaluating transportation alternatives. This paper illustrates the use of monetary values of travel time savings and travel time reliability, computed for the state of North Carolina, to help assess the impact of transportation projects or alternatives. The results obtained indicate that, based on the illustration of the effect and impact of various transportation projects or alternatives, both improved travel time and reliability on roads yield significant monetary benefits. However, from cost–benefit analysis, it is observed that greater benefits can be achieved through improved reliability compared with benefits from a decrease in travel time for a given section of road.

Study on Hebei Wind Power Generation Enterprises’ Development-Countermeasures Based on the Cost-Benefit Analysis

2013 ◽  
Vol 310 ◽  
pp. 403-406
Author(s):  
Li Xin Dai ◽  
Li Hua Tan
Keyword(s):  
Power Generation ◽  
Energy Saving ◽  
Wind Power ◽  
Cost Benefit Analysis ◽  
Cost Benefit ◽  
Present Situation ◽  
Wind Power Generation ◽  
Benefit Analysis ◽  
Development Countermeasures ◽  
The Cost

This paper considered more comprehensive than traditional cost-benefit analysis. Spillover benefits and spillover cost were included. It also combined the development present situation of Hebei wind power generation enterprises and the corresponding policy of the twelfth five-year plan. It studied the development countermeasures of Hebei wind power generation enterprises from the perspective of comprehensive cost benefit with the purpose of easing the tension situation of energy and realizing the goal of energy saving.

Investment Analysis of Modeling Website for Marketing of Cooperative with Cost Benefit Analysis Method

2015 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 631-634
Author(s):  
Henny Hendarti ◽  
Yuliana Lisanti ◽  
Surachman Darmawan
Keyword(s):  
Cost Benefit Analysis ◽  
Cost Benefit ◽  
Internet Marketing ◽  
Investment Analysis ◽  
Analysis Method ◽  
Benefit Analysis ◽  
Huge Number ◽  
Investment Value ◽  
Cooperative Investment ◽  
The Cost

Country However this is not directly proportional to the huge number of people who use the services of the cooperative. To improve the competitiveness of cooperative, website that allows members/customers to search products and information related to cooperatives is made. Then, it analyzed using the method of making a website with 7 stages of internet marketing and the method of calculating the cost-benefit analysis to conduct an analysis of the investment value of the website creation. So far, Cooperative’s marketing has been done conventionally. Cooperative has not been able to reach the online segment which has a larger market, so that Cooperatives can only serve customers who live close by. The result achieved from this design is a website that can be a place for cooperative in marketing their products. Website contains features that can help the cooperative to market their products and announce information like promos and other conveniences that can increase the profit earned by the cooperative. Investment of website projects are feasible based on the calculations of cost benefit and has surpassed the required standards (SD).

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