scholarly journals Graphite Nanoplatelet Modified Epoxy Resin for Carbon Fibre Reinforced Plastics with Enhanced Properties

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yan Li ◽  
Han Zhang ◽  
Zhaohui Huang ◽  
Emiliano Bilotti ◽  
Ton Peijs
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Fibre ◽  
Epoxy Resin ◽  
Flexural Modulus ◽  
Graphite Nanoplatelets ◽  
Reinforced Plastics ◽  
Out Of Plane ◽  
Finely Disperse ◽  
Interlaminar Shear ◽  
Carbon Fibre Reinforced Plastic

A simple approach to deliver graphene or graphite nanoplatelets (GNPs) into carbon fibre reinforced plastic (CFRPs) to enhance the multifunctional properties of carbon/epoxy laminates was demonstrated. GNPs improved the typically low interlaminar mechanical, thermal, and electrical properties of CFRPs after direct vacuum infusion of GNP doped resin obtained via in situ exfoliation by three-roll milling (TRM). Compared to high shear mixing or probe ultrasonication, TRM produces higher shear rates and stresses to exfoliate and finely disperse GNP particles within an epoxy matrix. This environmentally friendly and industrial scalable process does not require the use of solvents, additives, or chemical treatments. The flexural modulus and interlaminar shear strength (ILSS) of CFRPs was increased by 15% and by 18%, respectively, with the addition of 5 wt.% in situ exfoliated GNP in the doped epoxy resin. Out-of-plane electrical and thermal conductivity, at the same filler content, were, respectively, improved by nearly two orders of magnitude and 50%.

scholarly journals 3C-SiC Nanowires In-Situ Modified Carbon/Carbon Composites and Their Effect on Mechanical and Thermal Properties

Nanomaterials ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (11) ◽  
pp. 894 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hongjiao Lin ◽  
Hejun Li ◽  
Qingliang Shen ◽  
Xiaohong Shi ◽  
Tao Feng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Shear Strength ◽  
Thermal Properties ◽  
Sol Gel ◽  
Interlaminar Shear Strength ◽  
Mechanical And Thermal Properties ◽  
Initial Oxidation ◽  
Sic Nanowires ◽  
Out Of Plane ◽  
Interlaminar Shear

An in-situ, catalyst-free method for synthesizing 3C-SiC ceramic nanowires (SiCNWs) inside carbon–carbon (C/C) composites was successfully achieved. Obtained samples in different stages were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and Raman scattering spectroscopy. Results demonstrated that the combination of sol-gel impregnation and carbothermal reduction was an efficient method for in-situ SiCNW synthesis, inside C/C composites. Thermal properties and mechanical behaviors—including out-of-plane and in-plane compressive strengths, as well as interlaminar shear strength (ILLS) of SiCNW modified C/C composites—were investigated. By introducing SiCNWs, the initial oxidation temperature of C/C was increased remarkably. Meanwhile, out-of-plane and in-plane compressive strengths, as well as interlaminar shear strength (ILLS) of C/C composites were increased by 249.3%, 109.2%, and 190.0%, respectively. This significant improvement resulted from simultaneous reinforcement between the fiber/matrix (F/M) and matrix/matrix (M/M) interfaces, based on analysis of the fracture mechanism.

Damage assessment of carbon fibre reinforced plastic using acoustic emission technique: experimental and numerical approach

2020 ◽  
pp. 147592172094643
Author(s):  
Claudia Barile ◽  
Caterina Casavola ◽  
Giovanni Pappalettera ◽  
Vimalathithan Paramsamy Kannan
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element ◽  
Acoustic Emission ◽  
Carbon Fibre ◽  
Crack Length ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Numerical Approach ◽  
Acoustic Energy ◽  
Reinforced Plastics ◽  
Reinforced Plastic ◽  
Carbon Fibre Reinforced Plastic

In this research work, the acoustic emission results obtained from testing double cantilever beam specimens with carbon fibre reinforced plastic laminates are analysed. The acoustic emission descriptors such as amplitude, frequency centroid, counts, duration and risetime are clustered using k-means++ algorithm. An unconventional and innovative way of using the acoustic emission descriptors, after the clustering, is introduced. This method can favourably be used for relating the different damage progression modes in fibre reinforced plastics. Apart from this, the cumulative acoustic energy is used for predicting the crack length of the specimens. The predicted crack length is almost identical to the actual crack length opening recorded in each specimen. Finally, analytical and finite element models are used for validating the experimental results under the mode I delamination. The finite element studies are carried out using cohesive zone modelling in Comsol Multiphysics® platform.

Graphene Delivery Systems for Hierarchical Fiber Reinforced Composites

MRS Advances ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (19) ◽  
pp. 1339-1344 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yan Li ◽  
Han Zhang ◽  
Ton Peijs ◽  
Emiliano Bilotti
Keyword(s):  
Glass Fiber ◽  
Epoxy Resin ◽  
Composite Laminates ◽  
Spray Coating ◽  
Fiber Reinforced ◽  
Direct Infusion ◽  
Glass Fiber Composites ◽  
Reinforced Plastics ◽  
Interlaminar Shear ◽  
Set Up

ABSTRACTThree different methods are evaluated for the introduction of graphene nanoplatelets (GNP) in hierarchical carbon- or glass fiber reinforced plastics. They involve; (1) direct infusion of GNP filled epoxy resin, (2) spray coating of GNP on fiber preforms and (3) the use of dissolvable thermoplastic interleaf carrier films. Direct infusion of GNP filled resin is the easiest method to deliver GNP into composite laminates but may lead to viscosity and filtration issues. Automated spray coating was set up to manufacture GNP modified carbon- or glass fiber fabrics, while graphene filled phenoxy interleaf films were manufactured by bar coating, both followed by resin infusion using neat epoxy resin to produce GNP modified epoxy laminates, without the disadvantages of GNP filled resins. No substantial difference in interlaminar shear strength (ILSS) for composites manufactured using the different delivery methods is found. However, the electrical conductivity of the GNP modified glass-fiber composites manufactured by spray coating of glass fabrics is two orders of magnitude higher than for laminates made by direct infusion of GNP modified resin.

scholarly journals Recycling of carbon fibre reinforced plastics by electrically driven heterogeneous catalytic degradation of epoxy resin

2019 ◽  
Vol 21 (7) ◽  
pp. 1635-1647 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ji-Hua Zhu ◽  
Pi-yu Chen ◽  
Mei-ni Su ◽  
Chun Pei ◽  
Feng Xing
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Fibre ◽  
Epoxy Resin ◽  
Carbon Fibers ◽  
Catalytic Degradation ◽  
Reinforced Plastics ◽  
Heterogeneous Catalytic ◽  
Recycling Technology ◽  
Carbon Fibre Reinforced Plastics

We demonstrate a new recycling technology using simple equipment and nontoxic electrolyte to reclaim intact carbon fibers.

Effect of Chemical Oxidation on the Interfacial Bonding between Carbon Fibre and Epoxy Resin

2001 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 351-359 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeng-Shyong Lin ◽  
Ye-Houn Huang ◽  
Hsien-Tang Chiu
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Flexural Strength ◽  
Carbon Fibre ◽  
Epoxy Resin ◽  
Chemical Oxidation ◽  
Interfacial Bonding ◽  
Carbon Fibres ◽  
Ferric Ions ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Interlaminar Shear

Polypyrrole (PPy) was deposited on carbon fibres via the oxidation-polymerization of pyrrole (Py) with ferric ions. These PPy-deposited carbon fibres were then made into composite boards with epoxy resin. The interfacial bonding between carbon fibre and epoxy resin was evaluated by measuring the interlaminar shear strength (ILSS), tensile strength before and after impact (TAI), and flexural strength. Experimental results show that deposition of PPy can improve the ILSS, tensile strength, and flexural strength. Furthermore, TAI is also reduced by the deposition of PPy. The interfacial bonding was the highest when the carbon fibre was immersed in 20 wt% FeCl3(aq) and then reacted with 0.5 M Py in acetonitrile for 20 min.

scholarly journals Study of thermophysics during diamond drilling of fibreglass and carbon fibre-reinforced polymer composites

2021 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 290-299
Author(s):  
A. S. Dudarev ◽  
E. Kh. Gumarov
Keyword(s):  
Composite Materials ◽  
Carbon Fibre ◽  
Polymer Composite ◽  
Polymer Composite Materials ◽  
Temperature Fields ◽  
Comsol Multiphysics ◽  
Reinforced Plastics ◽  
Reinforced Plastic ◽  
Carbon Fibre Reinforced Plastic ◽  
Carbon Fibre Reinforced Plastics

This paper examines thermophysics of the drilling process of polymeric composite materials, such as carbon-fibre-reinforced plastics (CFRP) and fibreglass by tubular diamond drill bits. Features of the COMSOL Multiphysics engineering software package were used. We employed Fourier heat equations, which express the intensity of heat gain by a mobile source in a moving coordinate system. The research was performed using the proprietary method of modelling spatial thermal action upon drilling polymer composite materials (fibreglass and carbon-fibre-reinforced plastics) in the COMSOL Multiphysics software environment. A tubular diamond drill bit with a diameter of 10 mm with two slots was chosen as a model cutting tool. Solid plates with a thickness of 5.5 mm made of layered fibrous polymer composite materials (fibreglass, carbon-fibre-reinforced plastic) were used as a preform. As a result of computer calculations, we obtained temperature fields of fibreglass and carbon-fibre-reinforced plastic during diamond drilling with a tubular tool. When studying the thermal behaviour of fibreglass and carbon-fibre-reinforced plastics, maximum temperature fields were located. The study revealed that the temperature reaches 413.6 and 448.7 K during CFRP and fibreglass drilling, respectively. It was shown that the distance of heat transfer from the edge of the hole into the preform was 6.42 and 6.40 mm for CFRP and fibreglass, respectively. A method of modelling the thermal effects when cutting polymer composite materials developed in the COMSOL Multiphysics environment allows complex analytical calculations of temperatures induced by drilling to be simplified. In addition, its use prevents overheating of a preform during drilling, allows assessing the depth of heat distribution inside the preform from the edge of the formed hole in different polymer composite materials. These measures increase the machining quality of polymer composite materials.

scholarly journals Engineering of three-dimensional near-net-shape weave structures for high technical performance in carbon fibre–reinforced plastics

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 ◽  
pp. 155892501986123
Author(s):  
Stefan Schindler ◽  
Hans-Jürgen Bauder ◽  
Jürgen Wolfrum ◽  
Jürgen Seibold ◽  
Nemanja Stipic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Fibre ◽  
Material Flow ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Cost Accounting ◽  
Reinforced Plastics ◽  
Reinforced Plastic ◽  
Weaving Technology ◽  
Near Net Shape ◽  
Carbon Fibre Reinforced Plastic ◽  
Carbon Fibre Reinforced Plastics

To tap the full potential of reinforcing fibres for lightweight construction of sustainable carbon fibre–reinforced plastic components, woven three-dimensional reinforcement structures open up innovative approaches by integrating functional features. In this work, a novel three-dimensional shuttle weaving technology was taken advantage of to study carbon reinforcement structures with uninterrupted load trajectories from three points of view. Mechanical principals, economic and environmental issues were focused to provide an overall picture. Near-net-shape reinforcement fabrics with load trajectory–compliant yarn paths and interconnected layers that are interwoven in thickness direction were objects of investigation. The effects of a closed fabric selvedge, only producible by shuttle weaving, were investigated too. The here presented novel technology enables complex woven reinforcement structures that otherwise would demand several fabric layers leading to limited properties and lower performance of the carbon fibre–reinforced plastics due to missing interconnections between the layers. The studies on exemplary rods revealed a close relationship between different three-dimensional weave structures and the carbon fibre–reinforced plastic’s mechanical properties. The three-dimensional structures were woven in a single-step process and subsequently infiltrated with epoxy resin in the Vacuum Assisted Process (VAP®) and mechanically tested. Rounding off, universal guidelines for the layout of three-dimensional fabrics for rods were derived therefrom. The economic and environmental aspects of the complete process line were compared to the conventional manufacturing procedures for carbon fibre–reinforced plastic by material flow cost accounting. Looking at sustainability, material flow cost accounting showed that lightweight three-dimensional components with integrated features can be produced cost-effectively with less environmental impact by the novel weaving technology. Its capability for high-quality serial production of three-dimensional reinforcement structures is evident, which was one major result of the work.

scholarly journals Validation of Microscopy Measured Porosity in Carbon Fibbers Composites

2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
pp. 83-90
Author(s):  
Arnold Jędral ◽  
Anna Bona
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Fibre ◽  
Standard Test ◽  
Test Method ◽  
Testing Methods ◽  
Destructive Testing ◽  
Reinforced Plastics ◽  
Reinforced Plastic ◽  
Carbon Fibre Reinforced Plastic ◽  
Observation Method ◽  
Quality Instrument

AbstractOne of the most common defects in carbon fibre reinforced plastics (CFRP) is porosity. Too much of those defects could be serious problems to mechanical properties, which directly take effect on elements safety, like aircrafts. Therefore, the evaluation of porosity is very important test. Microscopic observations are widely used as a quality instrument in materials and constructions inspections. Cross section image of a material is easy to prepare and analyse. Porosity of a carbon fibre reinforced plastic can be clearly spot in such kind of images. Study shows that in the most cases porosity appear between layers of fibres, rather between fibres. Unfortunately, image from microscope is only 2D picture from a small representative region. Because of that, comparison of 2D image to a real porosity distribution in all volume of a material is very difficult. To verify 2D microscopic observation method is necessary to perform another kind of tests. In this article, authors focused on non-destructive (NDT) and destructive testing methods. 2D porosity images from light microscope were compared with three different testing methods: ultrasonic test (UT), computed tomography (CT) test and constituent content of composite materials standard test method according to ASTM D3171 – 15, procedure B. Porosity results obtained from dissolution of resin from the carbon-epoxy resin sample.

In-Situ Monitoring of Interlaminar Shear Damage in Carbon Fibre Composites

2015 ◽  
Vol 24 (4) ◽  
pp. 096369351502400 ◽  
Author(s):  
Han Zhang ◽  
Yi Liu ◽  
Emiliano Bilotti ◽  
Ton Peijs
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Fibre ◽  
Spray Coating ◽  
In Situ Monitoring ◽  
Woven Fabric ◽  
Interfacial Region ◽  
Continuous Increase ◽  
Damage Sensing ◽  
Interlaminar Shear ◽  
Carbon Fibre Composites

The in-situ damage sensing of carbon/epoxy composites during interlaminar shear testing is investigated. Next to direct monitoring of woven fabric carbon/epoxy reference laminates, the introduction of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) onto these carbon fibre fabrics via a spray coating technique for damage sensing is evaluated. We observed very different sensing behaviour compared to previous studies, which is believed to be more useful for real applications. Through-thickness measurements showed for both reference and CNT modified specimens a continuous increase in electrical resistivity, due to reduced contact areas and conductive pathways. The effect of the introduced CNT network at the interfacial region is also been compared and analysed.

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